| Current Population Survey (CPS) A joint effort between the Bureau of Labor Statistics and the Census Bureau |
PINC-06. Occupation of Longest Job in 2006 -- People 15 Years Old and Over, by Total Money Earnings in 2006, Work Experience in 2006, Race, Hispanic Origin, and Sex
[Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Current Population Survey, 2007 Annual Social and Economic Supplement. Numbers in thousands.
People 15 years old and over as of March of the following year. A.O.I.C. stands for alone or in combination]
$1
Total to $2,500 $5,000 $7,500 $10,000 $12,500 $15,000 $17,500 $20,000 $22,500 $25,000 $27,500
with $2,499 to to to to to to to to to to to
earnings or Loss $4,999 $7,499 $9,999 $12,499 $14,999 $17,499 $19,999 $22,499 $24,999 $27,499 $29,999
Both Sexes
Total Work Experience
15 Years and Over
White alone, not
Hispanic
Total........................................ 109,238 6,149 4,158 4,276 3,050 5,203 2,600 4,623 2,809 5,817 2,911 5,201 2,479
Management, professional, and related
occupations.................................. 41,449 1,230 716 794 579 1,152 559 1,015 567 1,258 661 1,301 620
Management, business, and financial
operations occupations...................... 17,543 372 148 265 148 322 140 299 187 485 267 492 243
Management occupations....................... 12,645 316 97 174 102 234 115 223 116 314 196 320 141
Chief Executives, General and Operations
Managers.................................. 2,259 28 4 17 0 26 18 20 4 23 21 19 3
Legislators................................. 13 1 0 0 0 0 3 0 2 0 0 0 0
All other Managers.......................... 10,374 287 92 157 102 208 94 203 111 290 175 301 138
Business and financial operations
occupations................................ 4,897 56 52 91 47 88 25 76 70 171 72 172 102
Business Operations Specialists............. 2,240 28 46 38 17 48 10 37 15 93 30 91 55
Financial Specialists....................... 2,658 28 6 54 29 40 15 39 55 78 42 82 48
Professional and related occupations.......... 23,906 858 567 528 430 829 420 716 380 773 394 808 377
Computer and mathematical occupations........ 2,376 25 19 38 21 52 2 23 9 35 9 33 24
Computer scientists, analysts, programmers,
engineers, and administrators............. 2,242 25 19 38 19 42 2 23 5 35 8 33 23
Actuaries................................... 33 0 0 0 2 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Matematicians, Statisticians, Operations
Research and other Math Occupations....... 101 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 3 0 0 0 0
Architecture and engineering occupations..... 2,277 26 9 23 13 24 10 4 12 37 16 49 23
Architects, except naval.................... 182 0 0 5 0 9 0 0 0 6 1 12 0
Surveyors, Cartographers, and
phonogrammetrists......................... 28 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Engineers................................... 1,588 9 2 15 1 8 3 2 3 6 3 24 7
Drafters, Engineering technicians, and
Serveying and mapping technicians......... 479 15 7 3 12 6 7 2 9 24 12 13 17
Life, physical, and social science
occupations................................ 1,078 13 25 13 13 34 17 4 10 33 9 15 20
Astronomers and Physicists.................. 14 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Economists.................................. 11 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Psychologists and Sociologists.............. 192 5 6 5 0 2 0 0 1 4 0 2 0
All other scientists........................ 643 6 4 5 5 16 10 3 6 12 3 3 11
Science technicians......................... 218 2 15 3 8 16 7 0 3 17 5 10 9
Community and social services occupations.... 1,629 75 41 27 24 55 37 72 35 81 47 122 38
Legal occupations............................ 1,365 10 20 10 18 11 12 18 13 36 13 34 21
Lawyers, Judges, and Magistrates............ 845 0 6 6 5 0 2 3 2 7 0 0 4
Paralegals, Legal assistants, and Legal
support workers........................... 520 9 13 4 13 11 10 15 11 29 13 34 17
Education, training, and library
occupations............................... 7,185 370 289 256 206 361 217 325 170 260 140 257 132
Postsecondary teachers...................... 1,058 24 50 31 47 37 17 42 28 56 5 41 11
All other teachers.......................... 5,091 280 178 168 101 199 136 166 77 150 90 190 101
Archivists, Curators, Museum technicians,
Librarians, and Other technicians and
assistants................................ 1,036 66 62 57 59 125 63 117 65 54 45 26 21
Arts, design, entertainment, sports,
and media occupations...................... 2,569 288 115 73 81 138 57 129 48 90 48 79 22
Healthcare practitioner and technical
occupations................................ 5,426 51 50 87 54 154 68 142 83 202 111 218 97
Doctors..................................... 934 1 3 9 1 4 6 6 3 5 8 4 9
Nurses...................................... 2,363 14 16 30 18 55 19 74 26 89 31 109 31
All other health and technical occupations.. 2,129 35 31 48 34 95 43 61 54 108 72 104 57
PINC-06. Occupation of Longest Job in 2006 -- People 15 Years Old and Over, by Total Money Earnings in 2006, Work Experience in 2006, Race, Hispanic Origin, and Sex
[Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Current Population Survey, 2007 Annual Social and Economic Supplement. Numbers in thousands.
People 15 years old and over as of March of the following year. A.O.I.C. stands for alone or in combination]
$1
Total to $2,500 $5,000 $7,500 $10,000 $12,500 $15,000 $17,500 $20,000 $22,500 $25,000 $27,500
with $2,499 to to to to to to to to to to to
earnings or Loss $4,999 $7,499 $9,999 $12,499 $14,999 $17,499 $19,999 $22,499 $24,999 $27,499 $29,999
Service occupations............................ 15,928 2,096 1,354 1,281 876 1,427 734 1,103 615 1,092 513 794 339
Healthcare support occupations................ 2,007 62 106 125 81 161 135 181 131 246 100 155 75
Protective service occupations................ 2,232 148 87 77 27 52 44 43 38 86 48 98 52
Supervisors.................................. 230 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 0 3 1 0 0
Fire fighters and Police..................... 821 7 3 7 2 4 3 3 4 13 8 8 13
All other protective service occupations..... 1,180 141 83 71 25 48 41 34 34 71 38 89 38
Food preparation and serving related
occupations................................. 5,429 919 599 598 444 640 266 478 204 316 124 214 74
Supervisors.................................. 424 9 10 28 16 29 24 48 19 36 14 39 18
Chefs and Cooks.............................. 1,288 144 108 137 106 203 82 90 61 65 33 61 27
All other food preparation occupations....... 3,717 766 481 433 321 407 160 339 124 215 78 113 29
Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance
occupations................................. 2,902 410 263 184 135 237 130 166 135 216 138 177 75
Supervisors.................................. 378 2 0 1 11 11 13 9 5 32 29 22 7
All other maintenance occupations............ 2,524 408 263 183 124 225 117 157 130 184 109 155 68
Personal care and service occupations......... 3,359 558 299 297 190 338 159 235 108 228 103 149 63
Supervisors.................................. 232 13 6 11 4 9 0 6 9 24 4 14 1
All other personal care and service
occupations................................ 3,127 545 293 286 186 329 158 229 98 204 99 135 62
Sales and office occupations................... 28,139 1,839 1,362 1,359 973 1,638 807 1,414 918 1,884 963 1,771 855
Sales and related occupations................. 13,499 1,096 775 666 459 852 403 627 314 707 370 633 285
Supervisors.................................. 3,738 114 52 86 35 181 98 128 80 227 149 213 101
Cashiers..................................... 2,146 398 364 253 186 230 125 155 67 89 41 53 22
Insurance sales agents....................... 433 11 4 7 9 9 2 15 1 12 12 29 20
Real estate brokers and sales agents......... 916 25 24 16 16 40 8 49 15 49 22 41 15
All other sales and related occupations...... 6,265 548 331 305 213 393 170 280 149 330 145 298 127
Office and administrative support
occupations................................. 14,640 742 587 693 514 786 404 786 604 1,177 593 1,137 570
Supervisors.................................. 1,227 0 8 10 19 25 18 57 31 62 37 101 55
Postal workers............................... 409 0 5 4 4 7 4 8 0 6 0 7 6
All other office and administrative support
occupations................................ 13,005 742 574 680 491 754 383 722 573 1,109 556 1,029 509
Natural resources, construction, and
maintenance occupations...................... 11,007 435 260 343 259 417 176 473 274 670 257 600 268
Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations.... 654 119 53 73 33 51 17 38 22 52 22 28 8
Supervisors.................................. 22 2 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 2 0 3 0
All other farming, fishing, and forestry
occupations................................ 631 117 53 73 30 51 17 38 22 50 22 25 8
Construction and extraction occupations....... 6,466 258 150 211 145 285 91 286 175 434 150 369 147
Construction................................. 6,303 258 150 200 144 279 90 281 175 432 141 369 147
Supervisors................................. 717 3 3 8 3 18 0 13 6 27 9 26 7
Brickmasons, blockmasons, and stonemasons... 170 0 3 7 1 11 3 15 5 9 1 20 1
Carpenters.................................. 1,319 48 23 42 16 78 18 57 50 120 36 92 42
Electricians................................ 724 10 13 11 26 5 4 12 15 28 14 19 24
Painters and paperhangers................... 401 31 15 10 11 40 0 23 4 38 26 25 13
Sheet metal workers......................... 113 0 1 5 2 3 0 3 2 2 2 11 2
Structural iron and steel workers........... 84 0 0 4 0 2 3 1 5 14 0 5 0
All other constrution trades................ 2,774 167 91 112 84 122 62 157 89 194 52 170 57
Extraction workers........................... 164 0 0 11 1 6 0 5 0 1 8 1 0
Installation, maintenance, and repair
occupations................................. 3,887 58 57 59 82 81 68 149 77 184 86 202 114
Supervisors.................................. 257 3 0 0 1 0 3 5 0 1 3 20 0
PINC-06. Occupation of Longest Job in 2006 -- People 15 Years Old and Over, by Total Money Earnings in 2006, Work Experience in 2006, Race, Hispanic Origin, and Sex
[Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Current Population Survey, 2007 Annual Social and Economic Supplement. Numbers in thousands.
People 15 years old and over as of March of the following year. A.O.I.C. stands for alone or in combination]
$1
Total to $2,500 $5,000 $7,500 $10,000 $12,500 $15,000 $17,500 $20,000 $22,500 $25,000 $27,500
with $2,499 to to to to to to to to to to to
earnings or Loss $4,999 $7,499 $9,999 $12,499 $14,999 $17,499 $19,999 $22,499 $24,999 $27,499 $29,999
Aircraft mechanics and service............... 96 2 0 0 1 3 0 0 0 1 1 2 1
Auto, bus, truck, heavy equipment,
mechanics.................................. 1,157 20 9 24 29 24 20 56 20 64 25 92 50
Heating, air conditioning, and refrigeration
mechanics and installers................... 301 0 3 4 5 3 9 14 8 22 10 8 8
Electrical power-line and telecommunications
line installers and repairers.............. 229 0 0 0 0 0 3 4 1 4 1 7 4
All other occupations........................ 1,849 32 45 31 46 50 34 70 47 91 46 73 51
Production, transportation, and material
moving occupations........................... 12,279 548 460 494 355 562 319 613 428 895 510 709 385
Production occupations........................ 6,454 188 185 193 149 232 156 331 220 491 268 417 244
Supervisors.................................. 721 3 9 0 3 5 10 6 2 8 10 29 23
All other occupations........................ 5,733 185 176 193 146 227 146 325 218 483 259 389 221
Transportation and material moving
occupations................................. 5,825 360 275 301 206 330 163 282 208 404 242 291 141
Supervisors.................................. 171 1 2 0 2 2 3 2 6 3 7 12 7
Aircraft pilots and flight engineers......... 105 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 2 2 0 0
Air traffic controllers and airfield
operation specialists...................... 24 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
Auto, bus, truck, ambulance, taxi drivers.... 2,999 110 101 125 93 138 69 146 97 187 149 122 74
Rail and subway workers...................... 81 1 0 2 0 4 0 2 0 4 0 1 2
Ship captains and engineers.................. 36 5 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
All other transportation occupations......... 2,411 244 171 168 110 186 90 133 105 207 84 155 59
Armed Forces................................... 436 1 6 5 8 7 5 5 7 19 7 27 12
PINC-06. Occupation of Longest Job in 2006 -- People 15 Years Old and Over, by Total Money Earnings in 2006, Work Experience in 2006, Race, Hispanic Origin, and Sex
[Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Current Population Survey, 2007 Annual Social and Economic Supplement. Numbers in thousands.
People 15 years old and over as of March of the following year. A.O.I.C. stands for alone or in combination]
$30,000 $32,500 $35,000 $37,500 $40,000 $42,500 $45,000 $47,500 $50,000 $52,500 $55,000 $57,500 $60,000
to to to to to to to to to to to to to
$32,499 $34,999 $37,499 $39,999 $42,499 $44,999 $47,499 $49,999 $52,499 $54,999 $57,499 $59,999 $62,499
Both Sexes
Total Work Experience
15 Years and Over
White alone, not
Hispanic
Total........................................ 6,281 2,024 4,888 1,923 5,498 1,311 3,557 1,585 5,074 979 2,367 781 3,309
Management, professional, and related
occupations.................................. 2,003 723 1,863 771 2,332 595 1,658 805 2,419 455 1,321 432 1,828
Management, business, and financial
operations occupations...................... 766 272 755 296 916 225 671 275 1,122 191 499 137 862
Management occupations....................... 496 170 507 174 634 140 430 175 751 115 350 85 634
Chief Executives, General and Operations
Managers.................................. 51 7 73 24 108 16 53 36 127 8 40 10 94
Legislators................................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3
All other Managers.......................... 445 163 435 150 526 124 377 139 624 107 310 75 538
Business and financial operations
occupations................................ 270 102 247 122 282 85 241 100 370 76 149 52 228
Business Operations Specialists............. 144 53 97 59 145 39 98 48 172 44 63 26 101
Financial Specialists....................... 126 48 150 63 137 46 144 52 198 32 86 26 127
Professional and related occupations.......... 1,237 451 1,108 475 1,416 370 987 530 1,297 264 822 294 966
Computer and mathematical occupations........ 47 31 74 29 108 31 106 47 126 42 70 31 127
Computer scientists, analysts, programmers,
engineers, and administrators............. 45 31 73 26 107 31 100 37 118 41 67 31 122
Actuaries................................... 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0
Matematicians, Statisticians, Operations
Research and other Math Occupations....... 2 0 1 4 1 0 6 9 6 0 3 0 5
Architecture and engineering occupations..... 54 20 58 28 114 19 77 33 137 33 97 35 113
Architects, except naval.................... 3 2 7 5 26 0 9 3 8 4 6 2 4
Surveyors, Cartographers, and
phonogrammetrists......................... 5 0 3 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 6 0 0
Engineers................................... 24 4 16 13 32 13 37 17 102 24 46 31 86
Drafters, Engineering technicians, and
Serveying and mapping technicians......... 21 14 33 10 55 3 31 12 26 5 38 2 22
Life, physical, and social science
occupations................................ 53 14 29 25 81 22 33 26 63 14 47 17 44
Astronomers and Physicists.................. 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Economists.................................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0
Psychologists and Sociologists.............. 12 0 5 1 5 3 11 7 7 2 4 5 7
All other scientists........................ 27 10 15 19 49 19 19 14 38 11 38 7 23
Science technicians......................... 12 4 10 5 27 0 3 5 18 0 3 4 14
Community and social services occupations.... 138 60 134 42 111 30 97 41 78 9 54 22 31
Legal occupations............................ 50 20 43 17 65 11 64 16 62 21 41 11 54
Lawyers, Judges, and Magistrates............ 7 3 7 6 13 4 33 9 32 12 29 8 32
Paralegals, Legal assistants, and Legal
support workers........................... 42 17 36 12 52 7 30 7 30 9 13 3 23
Education, training, and library
occupations............................... 410 176 380 187 479 147 288 170 397 76 226 88 226
Postsecondary teachers...................... 32 5 30 10 46 17 30 17 75 3 34 12 47
All other teachers.......................... 331 161 325 159 399 126 244 145 298 66 189 74 173
Archivists, Curators, Museum technicians,
Librarians, and Other technicians and
assistants................................ 48 11 25 17 34 5 14 8 24 7 3 3 6
Arts, design, entertainment, sports,
and media occupations...................... 168 39 107 47 132 35 100 41 111 12 61 18 104
Healthcare practitioner and technical
occupations................................ 318 90 282 99 325 74 223 157 322 58 226 73 266
Doctors..................................... 21 2 4 0 39 3 13 16 22 3 11 3 35
Nurses...................................... 144 55 164 56 158 40 109 78 190 35 134 52 123
All other health and technical occupations.. 152 32 115 43 128 31 101 64 111 20 81 18 107
PINC-06. Occupation of Longest Job in 2006 -- People 15 Years Old and Over, by Total Money Earnings in 2006, Work Experience in 2006, Race, Hispanic Origin, and Sex
[Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Current Population Survey, 2007 Annual Social and Economic Supplement. Numbers in thousands.
People 15 years old and over as of March of the following year. A.O.I.C. stands for alone or in combination]
$30,000 $32,500 $35,000 $37,500 $40,000 $42,500 $45,000 $47,500 $50,000 $52,500 $55,000 $57,500 $60,000
to to to to to to to to to to to to to
$32,499 $34,999 $37,499 $39,999 $42,499 $44,999 $47,499 $49,999 $52,499 $54,999 $57,499 $59,999 $62,499
Service occupations............................ 645 193 423 174 428 85 243 68 252 87 145 46 162
Healthcare support occupations................ 120 31 88 50 39 9 20 3 19 9 15 1 18
Protective service occupations................ 103 45 107 50 142 34 97 41 108 28 67 27 93
Supervisors.................................. 9 2 10 9 23 6 10 7 18 3 15 0 12
Fire fighters and Police..................... 34 13 40 26 63 15 56 28 59 20 26 17 56
All other protective service occupations..... 59 30 58 15 57 13 31 6 31 4 27 10 25
Food preparation and serving related
occupations................................. 155 46 67 25 76 8 47 2 29 12 19 0 5
Supervisors.................................. 35 9 17 4 17 2 10 1 6 7 5 0 1
Chefs and Cooks.............................. 44 15 16 14 18 2 12 0 12 0 7 0 2
All other food preparation occupations....... 76 22 34 7 42 4 24 1 11 5 6 0 3
Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance
occupations................................. 138 40 76 34 76 17 51 14 30 18 19 10 25
Supervisors.................................. 31 13 12 10 22 4 31 5 13 4 10 4 14
All other maintenance occupations............ 107 27 64 24 53 13 20 9 16 14 9 6 11
Personal care and service occupations......... 129 30 85 15 95 17 27 8 67 21 24 8 21
Supervisors.................................. 17 1 19 2 23 4 0 2 13 3 7 0 6
All other personal care and service
occupations................................ 112 29 66 13 72 13 27 6 54 17 17 8 15
Sales and office occupations................... 1,843 513 1,349 436 1,301 344 732 321 1,109 189 392 123 603
Sales and related occupations................. 668 131 457 140 616 113 345 135 598 75 222 53 357
Supervisors.................................. 252 45 178 49 220 51 132 59 224 32 82 27 136
Cashiers..................................... 37 13 9 6 28 0 9 0 15 2 3 2 3
Insurance sales agents....................... 25 1 24 9 33 3 14 3 40 2 11 2 10
Real estate brokers and sales agents......... 55 7 50 10 44 2 26 7 72 0 19 4 34
All other sales and related occupations...... 298 66 196 66 291 57 163 66 247 40 106 18 173
Office and administrative support
occupations................................. 1,175 382 892 295 686 232 387 186 511 114 170 71 246
Supervisors.................................. 119 36 90 39 69 30 50 13 63 17 41 9 58
Postal workers............................... 21 4 15 6 38 14 26 29 80 15 21 14 24
All other office and administrative support
occupations................................ 1,035 342 787 250 579 187 311 144 369 82 108 48 165
Natural resources, construction, and
maintenance occupations...................... 813 277 549 277 686 156 474 202 750 122 307 102 424
Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations.... 33 11 14 4 10 1 8 6 18 0 3 3 5
Supervisors.................................. 3 0 0 1 0 0 2 0 1 0 0 0 0
All other farming, fishing, and forestry
occupations................................ 31 11 14 2 10 1 6 6 17 0 3 3 5
Construction and extraction occupations....... 443 142 331 148 420 74 259 113 444 60 194 67 238
Construction................................. 442 139 326 146 405 73 257 93 423 59 189 67 221
Supervisors................................. 34 5 42 14 52 6 41 16 58 2 41 10 26
Brickmasons, blockmasons, and stonemasons... 27 3 1 0 15 2 5 1 14 6 7 2 5
Carpenters.................................. 83 28 79 41 102 10 49 16 73 8 36 13 47
Electricians................................ 68 21 30 29 57 12 32 12 60 19 34 14 41
Painters and paperhangers................... 38 11 22 10 8 8 13 3 18 3 5 0 9
Sheet metal workers......................... 4 11 7 0 1 0 7 2 23 2 1 0 3
Structural iron and steel workers........... 4 0 6 6 3 0 5 0 11 0 0 0 5
All other constrution trades................ 184 59 140 45 167 34 105 43 167 21 64 28 84
Extraction workers........................... 1 3 5 2 15 0 2 20 20 1 5 0 17
Installation, maintenance, and repair
occupations................................. 336 123 204 124 256 82 207 83 288 63 110 32 181
Supervisors.................................. 9 0 10 2 9 6 16 6 28 5 15 3 24
PINC-06. Occupation of Longest Job in 2006 -- People 15 Years Old and Over, by Total Money Earnings in 2006, Work Experience in 2006, Race, Hispanic Origin, and Sex
[Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Current Population Survey, 2007 Annual Social and Economic Supplement. Numbers in thousands.
People 15 years old and over as of March of the following year. A.O.I.C. stands for alone or in combination]
$30,000 $32,500 $35,000 $37,500 $40,000 $42,500 $45,000 $47,500 $50,000 $52,500 $55,000 $57,500 $60,000
to to to to to to to to to to to to to
$32,499 $34,999 $37,499 $39,999 $42,499 $44,999 $47,499 $49,999 $52,499 $54,999 $57,499 $59,999 $62,499
Aircraft mechanics and service............... 4 2 13 7 1 1 5 7 13 2 1 3 4
Auto, bus, truck, heavy equipment,
mechanics.................................. 122 37 62 54 78 27 64 21 56 7 27 4 45
Heating, air conditioning, and refrigeration
mechanics and installers................... 19 13 16 5 32 7 22 3 28 4 7 3 9
Electrical power-line and telecommunications
line installers and repairers.............. 14 9 11 8 20 6 10 7 22 3 7 5 9
All other occupations........................ 168 63 91 48 116 35 90 40 141 41 53 14 89
Production, transportation, and material
moving occupations........................... 939 298 661 253 722 128 428 183 512 122 197 74 280
Production occupations........................ 520 176 376 138 429 47 238 111 289 76 101 45 162
Supervisors.................................. 59 8 58 12 76 17 50 27 63 20 37 5 22
All other occupations........................ 460 169 318 126 352 30 188 84 226 56 64 41 140
Transportation and material moving
occupations................................. 419 122 285 115 293 81 190 72 222 46 96 29 119
Supervisors.................................. 20 2 6 3 8 3 8 8 9 0 2 1 3
Aircraft pilots and flight engineers......... 0 1 2 0 0 0 0 0 9 0 0 0 1
Air traffic controllers and airfield
operation specialists...................... 0 2 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0
Auto, bus, truck, ambulance, taxi drivers.... 268 68 169 81 208 54 105 50 139 28 56 23 75
Rail and subway workers...................... 4 0 2 0 4 1 9 0 4 2 5 0 3
Ship captains and engineers.................. 4 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 0
All other transportation occupations......... 122 48 105 30 73 23 66 14 55 16 33 5 36
Armed Forces................................... 38 19 43 13 29 3 23 6 32 3 6 3 12
PINC-06. Occupation of Longest Job in 2006 -- People 15 Years Old and Over, by Total Money Earnings in 2006, Work Experience in 2006, Race, Hispanic Origin, and Sex
[Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Current Population Survey, 2007 Annual Social and Economic Supplement. Numbers in thousands.
People 15 years old and over as of March of the following year. A.O.I.C. stands for alone or in combination]
$62,500 $65,000 $67,500 $70,000 $72,500 $75,000 $77,500 $80,000 $82,500 $85,000 $87,500 $90,000 $92,500
to to to to to to to to to to to to to
$64,999 $67,499 $69,999 $72,499 $74,999 $77,499 $79,999 $82,499 $84,999 $87,499 $89,999 $92,499 $94,999
Both Sexes
Total Work Experience
15 Years and Over
White alone, not
Hispanic
Total........................................ 674 1,803 557 2,126 409 1,495 414 1,443 304 785 188 940 210
Management, professional, and related
occupations.................................. 419 1,023 295 1,326 267 920 226 947 181 554 138 669 147
Management, business, and financial
operations occupations...................... 169 461 118 648 108 486 98 476 101 278 66 320 49
Management occupations....................... 135 361 92 470 85 364 69 326 87 227 58 248 35
Chief Executives, General and Operations
Managers.................................. 18 37 14 88 9 73 11 42 10 33 12 52 5
Legislators................................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
All other Managers.......................... 117 324 77 382 76 291 58 284 78 194 45 196 30
Business and financial operations
occupations................................ 35 99 27 178 24 122 29 149 14 50 8 71 14
Business Operations Specialists............. 14 33 14 78 11 50 17 79 9 15 7 33 8
Financial Specialists....................... 20 67 13 101 13 72 12 70 5 36 1 39 6
Professional and related occupations.......... 250 563 177 678 159 434 128 471 80 277 72 349 97
Computer and mathematical occupations........ 32 100 35 101 22 94 34 80 9 83 37 76 24
Computer scientists, analysts, programmers,
engineers, and administrators............. 32 98 28 95 22 91 31 77 6 80 37 72 24
Actuaries................................... 0 2 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Matematicians, Statisticians, Operations
Research and other Math Occupations....... 0 0 7 6 0 3 3 3 3 3 0 4 0
Architecture and engineering occupations..... 49 105 36 101 27 93 20 105 31 62 4 81 21
Architects, except naval.................... 13 2 10 3 0 5 2 4 0 1 0 4 0
Surveyors, Cartographers, and
phonogrammetrists......................... 3 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Engineers................................... 23 88 26 96 23 85 12 87 30 52 4 76 15
Drafters, Engineering technicians, and
Serveying and mapping technicians......... 11 13 0 3 4 2 7 14 1 9 0 2 6
Life, physical, and social science
occupations................................ 16 20 6 29 6 35 4 22 4 13 7 29 1
Astronomers and Physicists.................. 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Economists.................................. 0 0 0 1 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
Psychologists and Sociologists.............. 7 3 3 10 3 7 3 2 3 4 0 10 0
All other scientists........................ 6 8 2 17 4 25 1 19 1 9 7 18 1
Science technicians......................... 3 8 0 1 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0
Community and social services occupations.... 17 23 4 11 3 11 0 22 4 4 0 2 0
Legal occupations............................ 7 22 7 43 7 16 4 41 1 11 0 28 4
Lawyers, Judges, and Magistrates............ 5 8 5 28 7 12 4 35 1 9 0 28 4
Paralegals, Legal assistants, and Legal
support workers........................... 2 14 3 15 0 4 0 6 0 2 0 0 0
Education, training, and library
occupations............................... 47 144 42 161 52 62 27 57 19 36 8 38 23
Postsecondary teachers...................... 6 26 9 22 18 28 6 14 7 22 4 17 7
All other teachers.......................... 35 104 32 135 32 31 19 37 11 14 4 12 15
Archivists, Curators, Museum technicians,
Librarians, and Other technicians and
assistants................................ 6 14 2 4 3 3 3 7 0 0 0 9 0
Arts, design, entertainment, sports,
and media occupations...................... 18 34 8 53 7 30 2 47 5 21 3 21 11
Healthcare practitioner and technical
occupations................................ 64 115 38 178 34 93 36 97 8 47 12 74 13
Doctors..................................... 0 5 1 28 3 24 1 18 0 7 0 23 2
Nurses...................................... 54 70 27 89 17 37 20 51 6 20 4 30 4
All other health and technical occupations.. 11 39 10 61 14 32 15 27 2 20 8 21 7
PINC-06. Occupation of Longest Job in 2006 -- People 15 Years Old and Over, by Total Money Earnings in 2006, Work Experience in 2006, Race, Hispanic Origin, and Sex
[Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Current Population Survey, 2007 Annual Social and Economic Supplement. Numbers in thousands.
People 15 years old and over as of March of the following year. A.O.I.C. stands for alone or in combination]
$62,500 $65,000 $67,500 $70,000 $72,500 $75,000 $77,500 $80,000 $82,500 $85,000 $87,500 $90,000 $92,500
to to to to to to to to to to to to to
$64,999 $67,499 $69,999 $72,499 $74,999 $77,499 $79,999 $82,499 $84,999 $87,499 $89,999 $92,499 $94,999
Service occupations............................ 27 73 48 94 14 59 36 68 17 22 13 36 10
Healthcare support occupations................ 0 6 0 4 2 3 0 6 0 0 1 0 0
Protective service occupations................ 24 47 34 63 9 34 29 36 14 18 10 29 8
Supervisors.................................. 2 8 10 13 0 0 4 9 3 4 3 5 3
Fire fighters and Police..................... 12 22 20 42 9 21 20 17 10 12 5 22 5
All other protective service occupations..... 9 18 3 8 0 13 4 10 0 3 2 2 0
Food preparation and serving related
occupations................................. 0 10 0 7 0 8 4 3 0 2 3 0 2
Supervisors.................................. 0 6 0 0 0 2 4 2 0 0 0 0 2
Chefs and Cooks.............................. 0 4 0 5 0 4 0 1 0 0 3 0 0
All other food preparation occupations....... 0 0 0 2 0 2 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance
occupations................................. 3 6 4 11 2 6 0 6 0 3 0 4 0
Supervisors.................................. 1 5 2 7 1 4 0 3 0 3 0 4 0
All other maintenance occupations............ 2 1 2 4 2 2 0 2 0 0 0 1 0
Personal care and service occupations......... 0 2 10 8 0 8 3 18 3 0 0 2 0
Supervisors.................................. 0 0 2 5 0 2 3 1 0 0 0 2 0
All other personal care and service
occupations................................ 0 2 8 3 0 6 0 17 3 0 0 0 0
Sales and office occupations................... 93 299 90 326 55 249 78 154 52 99 10 109 23
Sales and related occupations................. 35 185 55 238 34 201 46 114 43 71 5 84 23
Supervisors.................................. 9 99 16 104 13 51 14 41 15 20 0 33 16
Cashiers..................................... 4 0 0 4 0 0 0 4 0 1 0 0 0
Insurance sales agents....................... 2 5 7 5 0 11 0 4 1 0 3 0 0
Real estate brokers and sales agents......... 3 9 7 17 1 25 10 11 0 1 0 5 0
All other sales and related occupations...... 18 72 26 108 19 114 22 54 28 49 2 45 7
Office and administrative support
occupations................................. 58 114 35 88 21 48 32 40 9 28 5 25 1
Supervisors.................................. 4 43 6 17 3 12 4 13 0 11 2 12 0
Postal workers............................... 11 9 1 0 7 0 4 7 0 5 0 2 0
All other office and administrative support
occupations................................ 43 62 28 71 12 36 24 20 9 13 3 11 0
Natural resources, construction, and
maintenance occupations...................... 84 234 54 182 48 145 42 155 25 42 19 69 16
Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations.... 3 0 0 1 4 2 5 0 0 2 0 1 0
Supervisors.................................. 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0
All other farming, fishing, and forestry
occupations................................ 3 0 0 0 4 2 4 0 0 1 0 0 0
Construction and extraction occupations....... 39 155 17 102 23 72 17 101 12 19 9 42 16
Construction................................. 36 151 17 99 20 70 16 96 11 19 9 42 14
Supervisors................................. 5 38 2 34 2 11 5 42 2 9 2 15 0
Brickmasons, blockmasons, and stonemasons... 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0
Carpenters.................................. 9 41 3 5 0 17 0 13 0 4 0 5 0
Electricians................................ 4 25 2 18 4 9 0 13 1 2 2 10 0
Painters and paperhangers................... 0 1 2 0 0 1 0 2 0 0 0 0 5
Sheet metal workers......................... 0 0 0 2 3 0 0 3 0 0 0 1 0
Structural iron and steel workers........... 1 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0
All other constrution trades................ 17 40 7 41 11 32 10 21 6 5 3 12 9
Extraction workers........................... 2 4 0 3 3 3 1 5 0 0 0 0 2
Installation, maintenance, and repair
occupations................................. 42 79 38 79 20 71 21 54 13 21 10 26 0
Supervisors.................................. 8 3 3 4 0 3 5 7 6 3 1 8 0
PINC-06. Occupation of Longest Job in 2006 -- People 15 Years Old and Over, by Total Money Earnings in 2006, Work Experience in 2006, Race, Hispanic Origin, and Sex
[Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Current Population Survey, 2007 Annual Social and Economic Supplement. Numbers in thousands.
People 15 years old and over as of March of the following year. A.O.I.C. stands for alone or in combination]
$62,500 $65,000 $67,500 $70,000 $72,500 $75,000 $77,500 $80,000 $82,500 $85,000 $87,500 $90,000 $92,500
to to to to to to to to to to to to to
$64,999 $67,499 $69,999 $72,499 $74,999 $77,499 $79,999 $82,499 $84,999 $87,499 $89,999 $92,499 $94,999
Aircraft mechanics and service............... 0 8 3 0 2 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0
Auto, bus, truck, heavy equipment,
mechanics.................................. 7 12 13 22 5 16 2 10 0 0 2 4 0
Heating, air conditioning, and refrigeration
mechanics and installers................... 1 7 4 12 0 0 7 5 0 0 0 2 0
Electrical power-line and telecommunications
line installers and repairers.............. 7 17 0 7 3 12 0 6 0 6 0 0 0
All other occupations........................ 19 33 14 34 9 40 6 23 7 12 7 11 0
Production, transportation, and material
moving occupations........................... 50 164 67 180 23 121 30 106 28 60 8 52 14
Production occupations........................ 27 86 47 124 14 86 18 56 27 30 2 14 8
Supervisors.................................. 6 20 2 30 6 25 5 15 6 10 1 4 0
All other occupations........................ 22 66 45 94 8 61 13 41 21 20 0 10 8
Transportation and material moving
occupations................................. 23 77 19 56 9 35 13 51 1 29 6 38 5
Supervisors.................................. 0 5 0 6 0 2 1 12 0 0 2 3 0
Aircraft pilots and flight engineers......... 0 2 0 10 0 0 1 3 0 7 0 8 1
Air traffic controllers and airfield
operation specialists...................... 0 7 0 0 0 1 0 3 0 0 0 0 0
Auto, bus, truck, ambulance, taxi drivers.... 21 41 13 29 6 24 8 26 1 11 4 12 2
Rail and subway workers...................... 1 2 0 1 1 4 3 2 0 4 0 8 0
Ship captains and engineers.................. 0 3 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 3 0
All other transportation occupations......... 1 16 6 10 2 3 0 5 0 7 0 3 2
Armed Forces................................... 0 10 3 18 1 2 1 12 0 7 0 5 0
PINC-06. Occupation of Longest Job in 2006 -- People 15 Years Old and Over, by Total Money Earnings in 2006, Work Experience in 2006, Race, Hispanic Origin, and Sex
[Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Current Population Survey, 2007 Annual Social and Economic Supplement. Numbers in thousands.
People 15 years old and over as of March of the following year. A.O.I.C. stands for alone or in combination]
$95,000 $97,500 $100,000 Median earnings Mean earnings Gini ratio
to to and Standard Standard Standard
$97,499 $99,999 over Value (Dol.) error (Dol.) Value (Dol.) error (Dol.) Ratio error
Both Sexes
Total Work Experience
15 Years and Over
White alone, not
Hispanic
Total........................................ 463 219 8,358 32,127 74 43,899 213 0.478 0.0029
Management, professional, and related
occupations.................................. 352 164 6,167 48,523 353 62,754 433 0.427 0.0045
Management, business, and financial
operations occupations...................... 185 77 3,547 53,865 969 72,505 736 0.383 0.0067
Management occupations....................... 139 63 2,876 58,441 1,379 76,821 931 0.381 0.0079
Chief Executives, General and Operations
Managers.................................. 40 11 974 84,471 2,749 115,198 2,933 0.254 0.0169
Legislators................................. 0 0 3 (B) (B) (B) (B) (B) (B)
All other Managers.......................... 100 52 1,898 53,549 1,213 68,493 913 0.405 0.0087
Business and financial operations
occupations................................ 46 14 671 49,440 828 61,360 1,064 0.372 0.0130
Business Operations Specialists............. 18 10 249 46,924 730 56,996 1,352 0.373 0.0189
Financial Specialists....................... 27 4 422 50,607 363 65,039 1,591 0.373 0.0177
Professional and related occupations.......... 167 87 2,620 43,752 584 55,599 514 0.432 0.0060
Computer and mathematical occupations........ 48 19 423 64,768 1,476 70,414 1,530 0.322 0.0169
Computer scientists, analysts, programmers,
engineers, and administrators............. 41 15 390 63,922 1,494 70,295 1,606 0.325 0.0175
Actuaries................................... 0 1 21 (B) (B) (B) (B) (B) (B)
Matematicians, Statisticians, Operations
Research and other Math Occupations....... 7 2 13 68,306 4,754 66,034 3,253 0.248 0.0731
Architecture and engineering occupations..... 31 13 433 65,604 653 70,852 1,170 0.312 0.0172
Architects, except naval.................... 3 0 22 50,413 3,169 68,384 9,224 0.388 0.0735
Surveyors, Cartographers, and
phonogrammetrists......................... 0 0 3 (B) (B) (B) (B) (B) (B)
Engineers................................... 26 13 401 75,216 1,229 79,919 1,145 0.279 0.0206
Drafters, Engineering technicians, and
Serveying and mapping technicians......... 2 0 6 41,564 556 42,879 1,140 0.278 0.0325
Life, physical, and social science
occupations................................ 8 11 192 51,956 1,057 69,699 3,164 0.401 0.0276
Astronomers and Physicists.................. 1 0 10 (B) (B) (B) (B) (B) (B)
Economists.................................. 0 0 4 (B) (B) (B) (B) (B) (B)
Psychologists and Sociologists.............. 2 0 41 63,019 3,419 104,640 15,405 0.412 0.0687
All other scientists........................ 6 11 134 56,002 944 69,743 2,200 0.347 0.0338
Science technicians......................... 0 0 3 33,704 2,758 34,477 1,640 0.344 0.0496
Community and social services occupations.... 10 3 14 33,465 933 34,632 595 0.316 0.0184
Legal occupations............................ 4 9 469 62,035 2,178 99,252 3,671 0.340 0.0225
Lawyers, Judges, and Magistrates............ 4 9 457 100,000 (NA) 136,916 5,408 0.152 0.0266
Paralegals, Legal assistants, and Legal
support workers........................... 0 0 12 36,388 884 38,052 1,058 0.295 0.0326
Education, training, and library
occupations............................... 29 15 189 35,138 411 37,328 521 0.397 0.0097
Postsecondary teachers...................... 5 7 115 45,046 2,047 50,700 1,527 0.427 0.0256
All other teachers.......................... 24 8 53 36,681 306 37,145 610 0.352 0.0108
Archivists, Curators, Museum technicians,
Librarians, and Other technicians and
assistants................................ 0 0 20 16,834 384 24,572 1,098 0.473 0.0311
Arts, design, entertainment, sports,
and media occupations...................... 14 6 147 31,727 421 42,939 1,808 0.519 0.0202
Healthcare practitioner and technical
occupations................................ 23 11 753 47,347 527 65,406 1,272 0.415 0.0132
Doctors..................................... 2 6 581 100,000 (NA) 153,632 5,152 0.081 0.0231
Nurses...................................... 5 2 74 46,175 626 49,156 1,181 0.301 0.0174
All other health and technical occupations.. 16 3 98 38,763 1,335 44,763 1,127 0.369 0.0189
PINC-06. Occupation of Longest Job in 2006 -- People 15 Years Old and Over, by Total Money Earnings in 2006, Work Experience in 2006, Race, Hispanic Origin, and Sex
[Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Current Population Survey, 2007 Annual Social and Economic Supplement. Numbers in thousands.
People 15 years old and over as of March of the following year. A.O.I.C. stands for alone or in combination]
$95,000 $97,500 $100,000 Median earnings Mean earnings Gini ratio
to to and Standard Standard Standard
$97,499 $99,999 over Value (Dol.) error (Dol.) Value (Dol.) error (Dol.) Ratio error
Service occupations............................ 17 7 211 15,440 160 21,631 332 0.513 0.0078
Healthcare support occupations................ 0 0 3 20,211 273 21,222 350 0.332 0.0178
Protective service occupations................ 13 3 118 40,198 709 45,585 1,525 0.418 0.0188
Supervisors.................................. 3 0 29 56,332 2,931 64,428 2,623 0.254 0.0540
Fire fighters and Police..................... 10 3 62 52,659 1,390 61,635 2,792 0.288 0.0302
All other protective service occupations..... 0 0 27 25,113 818 30,731 1,946 0.500 0.0304
Food preparation and serving related
occupations................................. 0 0 21 10,603 161 14,263 461 0.498 0.0149
Supervisors.................................. 0 0 3 21,952 995 25,400 1,076 0.355 0.0396
Chefs and Cooks.............................. 0 0 8 11,819 246 18,554 1,762 0.533 0.0511
All other food preparation occupations....... 0 0 10 8,889 265 11,504 237 0.478 0.0135
Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance
occupations................................. 0 3 44 16,396 454 21,769 835 0.511 0.0206
Supervisors.................................. 0 0 35 35,938 2,318 56,920 5,598 0.452 0.0578
All other maintenance occupations............ 0 3 10 13,754 599 16,505 338 0.455 0.0155
Personal care and service occupations......... 3 2 24 12,485 367 17,752 389 0.499 0.0147
Supervisors.................................. 0 0 18 32,277 2,390 41,096 3,237 0.444 0.0626
All other personal care and service
occupations................................ 3 2 5 11,923 237 16,020 316 0.485 0.0153
Sales and office occupations................... 40 33 1,390 26,290 132 35,275 373 0.480 0.0060
Sales and related occupations................. 32 29 1,210 26,896 256 41,950 666 0.529 0.0083
Supervisors.................................. 11 8 339 36,515 480 50,641 1,375 0.442 0.0162
Cashiers..................................... 0 0 24 8,285 348 12,957 573 0.546 0.0261
Insurance sales agents....................... 4 0 85 42,104 2,199 62,241 3,475 0.414 0.0440
Real estate brokers and sales agents......... 0 0 174 40,841 1,175 57,032 2,194 0.445 0.0294
All other sales and related occupations...... 16 21 589 27,252 454 43,089 1,053 0.538 0.0121
Office and administrative support
occupations................................. 8 4 180 25,953 149 29,120 360 0.389 0.0075
Supervisors.................................. 8 2 31 35,971 541 40,531 773 0.291 0.0222
Postal workers............................... 0 0 5 49,973 664 54,674 5,165 0.296 0.0703
All other office and administrative support
occupations................................ 0 2 144 24,641 287 27,241 360 0.391 0.0080
Natural resources, construction, and
maintenance occupations...................... 28 5 290 34,852 435 38,048 358 0.360 0.0076
Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations.... 0 0 4 12,453 1,379 18,910 1,087 0.527 0.0370
Supervisors.................................. 0 0 0 (B) (B) (B) (B) (B) (B)
All other farming, fishing, and forestry
occupations................................ 0 0 4 12,116 1,012 18,293 1,095 0.523 0.0371
Construction and extraction occupations....... 17 2 192 34,095 790 37,869 470 0.367 0.0100
Construction................................. 15 2 177 33,265 786 37,416 473 0.368 0.0101
Supervisors................................. 3 0 74 51,062 645 57,728 1,731 0.316 0.0314
Brickmasons, blockmasons, and stonemasons... 1 0 1 30,729 677 32,310 1,512 0.308 0.0556
Carpenters.................................. 1 0 13 31,108 610 33,320 642 0.326 0.0200
Electricians................................ 5 0 20 41,479 659 43,744 1,019 0.287 0.0278
Painters and paperhangers................... 0 0 3 25,149 1,100 27,755 1,377 0.394 0.0432
Sheet metal workers......................... 0 2 9 45,008 5,844 57,713 12,874 0.420 0.1031
Structural iron and steel workers........... 0 0 0 36,273 3,669 36,369 2,329 0.297 0.0779
All other constrution trades................ 5 0 57 30,424 399 33,372 619 0.388 0.0148
Extraction workers........................... 2 0 16 50,221 893 55,277 3,253 0.321 0.0666
Installation, maintenance, and repair
occupations................................. 10 3 94 38,782 700 41,565 602 0.309 0.0125
Supervisors.................................. 3 1 29 54,887 2,147 59,780 2,128 0.298 0.0510
PINC-06. Occupation of Longest Job in 2006 -- People 15 Years Old and Over, by Total Money Earnings in 2006, Work Experience in 2006, Race, Hispanic Origin, and Sex
[Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Current Population Survey, 2007 Annual Social and Economic Supplement. Numbers in thousands.
People 15 years old and over as of March of the following year. A.O.I.C. stands for alone or in combination]
$95,000 $97,500 $100,000 Median earnings Mean earnings Gini ratio
to to and Standard Standard Standard
$97,499 $99,999 over Value (Dol.) error (Dol.) Value (Dol.) error (Dol.) Ratio error
Aircraft mechanics and service............... 0 0 5 48,699 2,006 49,396 2,751 0.254 0.0809
Auto, bus, truck, heavy equipment,
mechanics.................................. 1 0 23 33,974 1,232 38,771 1,594 0.328 0.0264
Heating, air conditioning, and refrigeration
mechanics and installers................... 0 0 1 40,403 1,670 40,024 1,320 0.272 0.0417
Electrical power-line and telecommunications
line installers and repairers.............. 6 2 5 50,380 1,631 52,097 1,578 0.233 0.0482
All other occupations........................ 0 0 30 37,132 793 39,329 604 0.307 0.0169
Production, transportation, and material
moving occupations........................... 22 7 272 29,101 402 33,934 456 0.404 0.0081
Production occupations........................ 14 6 112 30,734 216 35,586 664 0.373 0.0112
Supervisors.................................. 0 5 23 46,147 746 50,938 2,211 0.270 0.0319
All other occupations........................ 14 0 90 28,861 480 33,656 689 0.378 0.0120
Transportation and material moving
occupations................................. 8 1 159 26,217 366 32,104 616 0.439 0.0120
Supervisors.................................. 0 0 18 42,299 2,970 52,815 3,413 0.368 0.0675
Aircraft pilots and flight engineers......... 0 0 52 93,493 48,046 108,464 12,831 0.222 0.0807
Air traffic controllers and airfield
operation specialists...................... 4 0 4 (B) (B) (B) (B) (B) (B)
Auto, bus, truck, ambulance, taxi drivers.... 4 0 61 30,829 285 34,856 949 0.395 0.0171
Rail and subway workers...................... 0 0 4 53,532 4,783 54,377 3,358 0.297 0.0786
Ship captains and engineers.................. 0 0 5 (B) (B) (B) (B) (B) (B)
All other transportation occupations......... 0 1 15 19,949 505 22,348 435 0.432 0.0157
Armed Forces................................... 4 3 29 39,287 1,643 49,763 3,541 0.356 0.0444
Race Footnotes