Table 4. Percent of Unrelated Individuals in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected
Characteristics: 2003 (Black alone)
Before taxes
Definition 3
Money income-- plus
Excluding health
capital Definition 1 Definition 2 insurance
gains less plus supplements to
(current government capital wage or salary
Total measure) transfers gains income
(thous.) Def 1 Def 2 Def 3 Def 4
BELOW POVERTY LEVEL
Black alone
Total 6034 29.5 41.9 41.4 40.8
Age
15 to 24 years 689 43.9 48.5 48.5 46.1
25 to 44 years 2213 21.7 24.4 24.3 23.8
45 to 54 years 1214 27.7 36.5 35.9 35.7
55 to 64 years 797 31.7 44.2 43.7 43.7
65 years and over 1121 36.5 76.6 74.9 74.6
Type of Residence
Inside metropolitan areas 5321 28.4 40.1 39.7 39.1
Inside central cities 3380 30.7 44.6 44.0 43.3
Outside central cities 1941 24.3 32.3 32.0 31.7
Outside metropolitan areas 713 37.8 55.0 54.0 53.6
Region
Northeast 1105 31.0 47.5 47.2 46.9
Midwest 1162 29.2 42.3 41.9 40.9
South 3213 30.2 40.3 39.8 39.3
West 554 23.4 38.9 37.6 36.9
Table 4. Percent of Unrelated Individuals in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected
Characteristics: 2003 (Black alone)
Before taxes
Definition 3
Money income-- plus
Excluding health
capital Definition 1 Definition 2 insurance
gains less plus supplements to
(current government capital wage or salary
Total measure) transfers gains income
(thous.) Def 1 Def 2 Def 3 Def 4
Educational Attainment
Total, 18 years old and over 5999 29.1 41.6 41.0 40.4
18 to 24 years old 654 40.8 45.7 45.7 43.2
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 145 65.1 65.6 65.6 65.6
25 years old and over 5345 27.7 41.1 40.4 40.1
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 1242 49.8 72.0 70.9 70.6
High school graduate, no college 1849 28.0 41.2 40.8 40.2
College: Less than bachelor's degree 1265 19.6 30.7 29.8 29.6
Bachelor's degree or more 989 9.4 15.1 15.1 15.0
Work Experience in 2003
Total, 20 to 64 years 4793 26.8 32.9 32.7 32.0
Worked at full-time jobs 3187 8.0 9.0 8.9 8.2
50 to 52 weeks 2646 3.2 3.5 3.4 2.9
Worked at part-time jobs 445 36.0 48.7 48.9 46.9
Did not work 1162 74.9 92.7 91.6 91.6
Program Participation Status
Received:
Cash assistance 545 68.8 92.7 91.6 91.4
Public assistance or wefare non-SSI 71 51.8 71.8 71.8 71.8
SSI 479 70.8 95.6 94.3 94.2
Food stamps 636 71.2 86.4 85.0 84.9
Housing assistance 754 57.8 78.6 77.9 77.5
Energy assistance 231 56.5 83.8 84.0 84.0
Table 4. Percent of Unrelated Individuals in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected
Characteristics: 2003 (Black alone)
Before taxes
Definition 3
Money income-- plus
Excluding health
capital Definition 1 Definition 2 insurance
gains less plus supplements to
(current government capital wage or salary
Total measure) transfers gains income
(thous.) Def 1 Def 2 Def 3 Def 4
Food stamps and cash assistance 258 77.4 94.0 92.6 92.4
Health Insurance Coverage
Covered by:
Employer-provided plan 2799 9.5 14.8 14.6 13.4
Medicare 1416 41.7 82.3 80.5 80.2
Also Medicaid 460 60.5 93.1 91.1 91.0
Medicaid 1020 65.6 86.1 84.8 84.8
Not covered by:
Health insurance 1302 38.6 42.6 42.5 42.5
Table 4. Percent of Unrelated Individuals in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected
Characteristics: 2003 (Black alone)
After taxes
Definition 8
Definition 4 Definition 6 plus
less Definition 5 plus Definition 7 nonmeans-
Social less Earned less tested
Security Federal Income state government
payroll income Tax income cash
taxes taxes Credit taxes transfers
Def 5 Def 6 Def 7 Def 8 Def 9
BELOW POVERTY LEVEL
Black alone
Total 42.1 42.3 42.2 42.3 32.0
Age
15 to 24 years 49.4 49.9 49.9 50.0 46.6
25 to 44 years 25.3 25.8 25.6 25.8 23.8
45 to 54 years 36.3 36.4 36.4 36.5 31.2
55 to 64 years 44.9 44.9 44.7 44.7 34.0
65 years and over 74.8 74.8 74.8 74.8 38.8
Type of Residence
Inside metropolitan areas 40.1 40.3 40.2 40.4 30.6
Inside central cities 44.1 44.3 44.2 44.4 33.1
Outside central cities 33.0 33.4 33.3 33.3 26.2
Outside metropolitan areas 57.0 57.4 56.7 57.0 43.1
Region
Northeast 47.7 47.7 47.7 47.7 33.6
Midwest 42.9 42.9 42.8 43.2 32.2
South 40.6 41.1 40.8 41.0 32.2
West 37.5 37.8 37.6 37.6 27.7
Table 4. Percent of Unrelated Individuals in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected
Characteristics: 2003 (Black alone)
After taxes
Definition 8
Definition 4 Definition 6 plus
less Definition 5 plus Definition 7 nonmeans-
Social less Earned less tested
Security Federal Income state government
payroll income Tax income cash
taxes taxes Credit taxes transfers
Def 5 Def 6 Def 7 Def 8 Def 9
Educational Attainment
Total, 18 years old and over 41.7 42.0 41.8 42.0 31.6
18 to 24 years old 46.7 47.2 47.2 47.3 43.7
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 68.8 68.8 68.8 69.5 69.5
25 years old and over 41.1 41.3 41.2 41.3 30.2
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 72.2 72.8 72.6 72.7 54.3
High school graduate, no college 41.2 41.2 41.0 41.1 30.2
College: Less than bachelor's degree 30.6 30.9 30.8 30.9 21.8
Bachelor's degree or more 15.5 15.5 15.5 15.6 10.6
Work Experience in 2003
Total, 20 to 64 years 33.6 33.9 33.7 33.9 29.4
Worked at full-time jobs 10.0 10.5 10.2 10.3 9.1
50 to 52 weeks 4.0 4.5 4.3 4.4 4.0
Worked at part-time jobs 50.8 50.8 50.8 51.3 40.5
Did not work 91.6 91.6 91.6 91.6 80.7
Program Participation Status
Received:
Cash assistance 93.5 93.5 93.4 93.4 86.8
Public assistance or wefare non-SSI 82.2 82.2 82.2 82.2 74.0
SSI 95.0 95.0 94.8 94.8 88.3
Food stamps 85.8 85.8 85.7 85.7 75.2
Housing assistance 79.7 79.7 79.7 79.9 64.7
Energy assistance 84.1 84.3 84.3 84.3 61.6
Table 4. Percent of Unrelated Individuals in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected
Characteristics: 2003 (Black alone)
After taxes
Definition 8
Definition 4 Definition 6 plus
less Definition 5 plus Definition 7 nonmeans-
Social less Earned less tested
Security Federal Income state government
payroll income Tax income cash
taxes taxes Credit taxes transfers
Def 5 Def 6 Def 7 Def 8 Def 9
Food stamps and cash assistance 93.2 93.2 93.0 93.0 85.3
Health Insurance Coverage
Covered by:
Employer-provided plan 14.2 14.4 14.2 14.3 9.4
Medicare 80.4 80.4 80.4 80.4 46.0
Also Medicaid 91.5 91.5 91.3 91.3 72.5
Medicaid 86.6 86.6 86.6 86.6 75.8
Not covered by:
Health insurance 45.4 46.1 45.8 46.2 42.0
Table 4. Percent of Unrelated Individuals in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected
Characteristics: 2003 (Black alone)
After taxes
Definition 13
Definition 11 plus
Definition 10 plus other
plus means-tested means-tested
Definition 9 regular-price government Definition 12 government
plus school cash plus noncash
Medicare lunches transfers Medicaid transfers
Def 10 Def 11 Def 12 Def 13 Def 14
BELOW POVERTY LEVEL
Black alone
Total 30.6 30.6 28.9 27.8 25.3
Age
15 to 24 years 46.3 46.3 44.6 42.6 41.4
25 to 44 years 23.1 23.1 22.4 21.6 20.5
45 to 54 years 29.7 29.7 27.4 25.6 22.4
55 to 64 years 33.0 33.0 30.8 29.8 27.3
65 years and over 35.2 35.2 32.2 31.6 26.5
Type of Residence
Inside metropolitan areas 29.2 29.2 27.5 26.5 23.9
Inside central cities 31.5 31.5 29.4 28.4 25.3
Outside central cities 25.3 25.3 24.2 23.1 21.5
Outside metropolitan areas 41.2 41.2 39.0 37.2 35.1
Region
Northeast 30.9 30.9 28.1 26.6 23.7
Midwest 31.5 31.5 29.4 28.8 27.3
South 31.0 31.0 30.0 29.3 26.4
West 25.7 25.7 22.7 19.2 17.3
Table 4. Percent of Unrelated Individuals in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected
Characteristics: 2003 (Black alone)
After taxes
Definition 13
Definition 11 plus
Definition 10 plus other
plus means-tested means-tested
Definition 9 regular-price government Definition 12 government
plus school cash plus noncash
Medicare lunches transfers Medicaid transfers
Def 10 Def 11 Def 12 Def 13 Def 14
Educational Attainment
Total, 18 years old and over 30.2 30.2 28.4 27.4 24.9
18 to 24 years old 43.4 43.4 41.7 39.8 38.5
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 68.4 68.4 67.9 61.0 57.5
25 years old and over 28.6 28.6 26.8 25.8 23.2
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 50.2 50.2 47.5 45.7 39.8
High school graduate, no college 28.6 28.6 26.6 25.5 23.1
College: Less than bachelor's degree 21.6 21.6 20.3 19.7 18.0
Bachelor's degree or more 10.4 10.4 9.6 9.3 9.2
Work Experience in 2003
Total, 20 to 64 years 28.5 28.5 27.0 25.8 23.9
Worked at full-time jobs 9.1 9.1 9.1 8.6 8.1
50 to 52 weeks 4.0 4.0 4.0 3.8 3.6
Worked at part-time jobs 40.5 40.5 37.0 36.5 35.9
Did not work 76.9 76.9 72.2 68.9 62.5
Program Participation Status
Received:
Cash assistance 81.4 81.4 63.8 56.1 41.1
Public assistance or wefare non-SSI 72.1 72.1 54.5 49.4 41.4
SSI 82.2 82.2 64.7 56.7 40.7
Food stamps 69.9 69.9 66.7 62.6 50.2
Housing assistance 59.6 59.6 53.2 48.8 30.1
Energy assistance 58.1 58.1 51.4 48.4 40.4
Table 4. Percent of Unrelated Individuals in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected
Characteristics: 2003 (Black alone)
After taxes
Definition 13
Definition 11 plus
Definition 10 plus other
plus means-tested means-tested
Definition 9 regular-price government Definition 12 government
plus school cash plus noncash
Medicare lunches transfers Medicaid transfers
Def 10 Def 11 Def 12 Def 13 Def 14
Food stamps and cash assistance 80.3 80.3 73.5 68.0 45.3
Health Insurance Coverage
Covered by:
Employer-provided plan 9.3 9.3 9.0 9.0 8.5
Medicare 39.9 39.9 35.8 35.3 28.5
Also Medicaid 62.5 62.5 52.1 50.5 36.2
Medicaid 71.3 71.3 62.7 56.2 46.9
Not covered by:
Health insurance 42.0 42.0 41.9 41.9 41.0
Table 4. Percent of Unrelated Individuals in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected
Characteristics: 2003 (Black alone)
After taxes
Definition 14
plus
net Money
imputed Definition 14 Income Money
return less after Taxes Income
on equity medical not including after
in own home programs EITC Taxes
Def 15 Def 16 Def 17 Def 18
BELOW POVERTY LEVEL
Black alone
Total 22.7 26.3 30.8 30.6
Age
15 to 24 years 41.4 43.1 45.7 45.7
25 to 44 years 20.0 21.4 23.9 23.8
45 to 54 years 21.9 23.2 29.2 29.0
55 to 64 years 23.1 28.0 32.4 32.1
65 years and over 17.2 27.7 35.7 35.7
Type of Residence
Inside metropolitan areas 21.9 24.9 29.4 29.3
Inside central cities 23.3 26.2 31.4 31.4
Outside central cities 19.6 22.5 26.0 25.8
Outside metropolitan areas 28.7 37.0 41.0 40.5
Region
Northeast 22.5 24.5 31.1 31.1
Midwest 26.0 28.4 31.4 31.4
South 22.9 27.3 31.4 31.2
West 15.5 19.5 25.0 24.8
Table 4. Percent of Unrelated Individuals in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected
Characteristics: 2003 (Black alone)
After taxes
Definition 14
plus
net Money
imputed Definition 14 Income Money
return less after Taxes Income
on equity medical not including after
in own home programs EITC Taxes
Def 15 Def 16 Def 17 Def 18
Educational Attainment
Total, 18 years old and over 22.3 25.9 30.4 30.2
18 to 24 years old 38.5 40.4 42.8 42.8
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 57.5 64.5 69.0 69.0
25 years old and over 20.3 24.1 28.8 28.7
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 32.6 41.0 51.5 51.2
High school graduate, no college 21.3 24.7 29.1 29.0
College: Less than bachelor's degree 16.3 18.0 20.6 20.5
Bachelor's degree or more 8.2 9.8 10.5 10.4
Work Experience in 2003
Total, 20 to 64 years 22.8 24.8 28.5 28.3
Worked at full-time jobs 7.9 8.3 9.9 9.6
50 to 52 weeks 3.5 3.7 4.5 4.3
Worked at part-time jobs 34.5 36.1 39.1 39.1
Did not work 59.4 65.9 75.5 75.5
Program Participation Status
Received:
Cash assistance 35.4 47.0 68.9 68.9
Public assistance or wefare non-SSI 41.4 44.4 54.9 54.9
SSI 34.1 46.8 70.4 70.4
Food stamps 45.0 52.4 71.3 71.3
Housing assistance 30.1 30.4 59.6 59.6
Energy assistance 33.0 42.8 55.6 55.6
Table 4. Percent of Unrelated Individuals in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected
Characteristics: 2003 (Black alone)
After taxes
Definition 14
plus
net Money
imputed Definition 14 Income Money
return less after Taxes Income
on equity medical not including after
in own home programs EITC Taxes
Def 15 Def 16 Def 17 Def 18
Food stamps and cash assistance 38.1 47.7 76.4 76.4
Health Insurance Coverage
Covered by:
Employer-provided plan 8.0 8.5 10.2 10.2
Medicare 19.8 30.8 41.4 41.4
Also Medicaid 27.4 40.4 61.1 61.1
Medicaid 42.1 51.7 66.8 66.8
Not covered by:
Health insurance 39.5 41.0 42.3 41.9
Table 4. Percent of Unrelated Individuals in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected
Characteristics: 2003 (Black alone)
Defin 1 Defin 2 Defin 3 Defin 4 Defin 5 Defin 6 Defin 7 Defin 8 Defin 9
BELOW POVERTY LEVEL
Black alone
Total 1781 2528 2496 2462 2538 2554 2545 2554 1934
Age
15 to 24 years 302 334 334 318 340 344 344 345 321
25 to 44 years 481 540 538 526 561 572 566 572 528
45 to 54 years 337 443 436 433 441 442 442 443 379
55 to 64 years 253 353 348 348 358 358 356 356 271
65 years and over 409 858 839 836 838 838 838 838 435
Type of Residence
Inside metropolitan areas 1511 2136 2111 2079 2132 2144 2141 2147 1626
Inside central cities 1039 1509 1489 1465 1492 1496 1495 1501 1117
Outside central cities 472 627 622 614 640 648 645 647 509
Outside metropolitan areas 270 392 386 382 407 410 405 406 308
Region
Northeast 342 525 521 518 527 527 527 527 371
Midwest 339 491 488 476 499 499 498 502 374
South 970 1296 1279 1263 1305 1319 1312 1317 1035
West 130 216 208 204 208 209 208 208 153
Educational Attainment
Total, 18 years old and over 1746 2493 2461 2426 2503 2519 2510 2519 1899
18 to 24 years old 267 299 299 283 305 309 309 310 286
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 95 95 95 95 100 100 100 101 101
25 years old and over 1479 2194 2162 2143 2198 2210 2202 2209 1613
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 619 894 880 877 897 905 902 904 674
High school graduate, no college 518 762 755 743 761 761 757 760 558
College: Less than bachelor's degree 248 389 377 374 387 391 390 391 276
Table 4. Percent of Unrelated Individuals in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected
Characteristics: 2003 (Black alone)
Defin 1 Defin 2 Defin 3 Defin 4 Defin 5 Defin 6 Defin 7 Defin 8 Defin 9
Bachelor's degree or more 93 149 149 149 153 153 153 154 105
Work Experience in 2003
Total, 20 to 64 years 1286 1579 1566 1536 1608 1624 1615 1623 1409
Worked at full-time jobs 255 286 283 262 318 333 325 330 291
50 to 52 weeks 85 91 89 76 105 119 113 117 106
Worked at part-time jobs 160 217 218 209 226 226 226 228 180
Did not work 871 1077 1065 1065 1065 1065 1065 1065 938
Program Participation Status
Received:
Cash assistance 375 505 499 498 509 509 509 509 473
Public assistance or wefare non-SSI 37 51 51 51 59 59 59 59 53
SSI 339 457 451 451 455 455 454 454 423
Food stamps 453 549 540 540 545 545 545 545 478
Housing assistance 436 592 587 584 601 601 601 602 488
Energy assistance 130 194 194 194 194 195 195 195 142
Food stamps and cash assistance 199 242 239 238 240 240 240 240 220
Health Insurance Coverage
Covered by:
Employer-provided plan 267 413 409 374 397 403 398 400 264
Medicare 590 1165 1139 1135 1138 1138 1138 1138 650
Also Medicaid 278 428 419 418 421 421 420 420 334
Medicaid 670 878 865 865 884 884 883 883 774
Not covered by:
Health insurance 502 554 553 553 590 600 596 602 547
Table 4. Percent of Unrelated Individuals in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected
Characteristics: 2003 (Black alone)
Defin 10 Defin 11 Defin 12 Defin 13 Defin 14 Defin 15 Defin 16 Defin 17 Defin 18
BELOW POVERTY LEVEL
Black alone
Total 1848 1848 1742 1675 1525 1371 1588 1857 1849
Age
15 to 24 years 319 319 308 293 285 285 297 315 315
25 to 44 years 510 510 495 479 453 443 475 529 526
45 to 54 years 361 361 333 311 272 266 282 354 352
55 to 64 years 263 263 245 237 218 184 223 258 256
65 years and over 394 394 360 355 297 193 311 400 400
Type of Residence
Inside metropolitan areas 1554 1554 1464 1410 1274 1166 1324 1565 1560
Inside central cities 1064 1064 994 961 856 786 887 1060 1060
Outside central cities 490 490 470 449 418 380 437 505 500
Outside metropolitan areas 294 294 278 265 251 205 264 292 289
Region
Northeast 342 342 310 294 261 248 271 344 344
Midwest 366 366 342 335 318 302 331 365 365
South 997 997 964 940 849 735 878 1009 1002
West 142 142 126 106 96 86 108 138 137
Educational Attainment
Total, 18 years old and over 1813 1813 1707 1642 1491 1338 1555 1822 1814
18 to 24 years old 284 284 273 260 252 252 264 280 280
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 99 99 99 89 84 84 94 100 100
25 years old and over 1529 1529 1434 1382 1240 1086 1290 1542 1534
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 624 624 591 568 495 405 510 639 636
High school graduate, no college 529 529 492 472 427 393 456 538 536
College: Less than bachelor's degree 273 273 257 250 227 206 228 260 259
Table 4. Percent of Unrelated Individuals in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected
Characteristics: 2003 (Black alone)
Defin 10 Defin 11 Defin 12 Defin 13 Defin 14 Defin 15 Defin 16 Defin 17 Defin 18
Bachelor's degree or more 103 103 95 92 91 81 97 104 102
Work Experience in 2003
Total, 20 to 64 years 1365 1365 1293 1236 1144 1095 1191 1366 1357
Worked at full-time jobs 291 291 290 273 258 251 265 314 306
50 to 52 weeks 106 106 106 100 96 92 99 118 114
Worked at part-time jobs 180 180 165 163 160 153 161 174 174
Did not work 894 894 839 801 726 691 765 878 878
Program Participation Status
Received:
Cash assistance 443 443 348 306 224 193 256 375 375
Public assistance or wefare non-SSI 51 51 39 35 29 29 32 39 39
SSI 393 393 309 271 195 163 224 337 337
Food stamps 444 444 424 398 319 286 333 454 454
Housing assistance 449 449 402 368 227 227 229 449 449
Energy assistance 134 134 119 112 93 76 99 128 128
Food stamps and cash assistance 207 207 189 175 117 98 123 197 197
Health Insurance Coverage
Covered by:
Employer-provided plan 261 261 253 251 238 225 239 287 285
Medicare 564 564 507 500 403 281 436 586 586
Also Medicaid 287 287 239 232 167 126 186 281 281
Medicaid 728 728 640 573 478 429 528 681 681
Not covered by:
Health insurance 547 547 545 545 533 514 533 551 545
Race Footnotes