Table 4. Percent of Unrelated Individuals in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected
Characteristics: 2003 (Black alone or in combination)
Before taxes
Definition 3
Money income-- plus
Excluding health
capital Definition 1 Definition 2 insurance
gains less plus supplements to
(current government capital wage or salary
Total measure) transfers gains income
(thous.) Def 1 Def 2 Def 3 Def 4
BELOW POVERTY LEVEL
Black alone or in combination
Total 6194 29.3 41.7 41.2 40.7
Age
15 to 24 years 718 43.5 47.9 47.9 45.7
25 to 44 years 2286 21.5 24.2 24.1 23.6
45 to 54 years 1234 27.5 36.7 36.1 35.9
55 to 64 years 809 31.7 44.5 43.9 43.9
65 years and over 1146 36.2 76.3 74.7 74.4
Type of Residence
Inside metropolitan areas 5469 28.2 40.0 39.5 39.0
Inside central cities 3490 30.5 44.4 43.9 43.2
Outside central cities 1979 24.1 32.2 31.9 31.5
Outside metropolitan areas 725 37.8 54.8 53.9 53.4
Region
Northeast 1139 30.9 47.4 47.1 46.9
Midwest 1194 28.8 41.8 41.4 40.4
South 3266 30.1 40.3 39.7 39.3
West 595 22.5 38.8 37.6 36.9
Table 4. Percent of Unrelated Individuals in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected
Characteristics: 2003 (Black alone or in combination)
Before taxes
Definition 3
Money income-- plus
Excluding health
capital Definition 1 Definition 2 insurance
gains less plus supplements to
(current government capital wage or salary
Total measure) transfers gains income
(thous.) Def 1 Def 2 Def 3 Def 4
Educational Attainment
Total, 18 years old and over 6157 28.9 41.4 40.9 40.3
18 to 24 years old 680 40.4 45.1 45.1 42.8
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 153 64.4 64.9 64.9 64.9
25 years old and over 5477 27.4 40.9 40.3 40.0
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 1269 49.5 71.5 70.4 70.1
High school graduate, no college 1878 27.9 41.2 40.8 40.2
College: Less than bachelor's degree 1316 19.4 31.0 30.1 29.9
Bachelor's degree or more 1014 9.3 15.1 15.1 15.0
Work Experience in 2003
Total, 20 to 64 years 4921 26.6 32.8 32.5 31.9
Worked at full-time jobs 3280 7.9 8.9 8.8 8.2
50 to 52 weeks 2725 3.2 3.4 3.3 2.9
Worked at part-time jobs 455 36.6 49.5 49.7 47.7
Did not work 1187 74.4 92.6 91.5 91.5
Program Participation Status
Received:
Cash assistance 563 68.2 92.4 91.3 91.2
Public assistance or wefare non-SSI 74 53.6 72.8 72.8 72.8
SSI 494 69.9 95.1 93.9 93.7
Food stamps 651 70.5 85.8 84.4 84.3
Housing assistance 782 56.7 77.7 77.0 76.6
Energy assistance 236 55.8 83.0 83.2 83.2
Table 4. Percent of Unrelated Individuals in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected
Characteristics: 2003 (Black alone or in combination)
Before taxes
Definition 3
Money income-- plus
Excluding health
capital Definition 1 Definition 2 insurance
gains less plus supplements to
(current government capital wage or salary
Total measure) transfers gains income
(thous.) Def 1 Def 2 Def 3 Def 4
Food stamps and cash assistance 264 77.0 93.6 92.3 92.0
Health Insurance Coverage
Covered by:
Employer-provided plan 2861 9.4 14.6 14.5 13.3
Medicare 1450 41.1 82.0 80.2 80.0
Also Medicaid 472 60.0 92.9 91.0 90.9
Medicaid 1052 65.0 85.7 84.4 84.4
Not covered by:
Health insurance 1341 38.3 42.2 42.2 42.2
Table 4. Percent of Unrelated Individuals in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected
Characteristics: 2003 (Black alone or in combination)
After taxes
Definition 8
Definition 4 Definition 6 plus
less Definition 5 plus Definition 7 nonmeans-
Social less Earned less tested
Security Federal Income state government
payroll income Tax income cash
taxes taxes Credit taxes transfers
Def 5 Def 6 Def 7 Def 8 Def 9
BELOW POVERTY LEVEL
Black alone or in combination
Total 41.9 42.1 42.0 42.1 31.9
Age
15 to 24 years 48.8 49.3 49.3 49.4 46.1
25 to 44 years 25.1 25.6 25.3 25.6 23.6
45 to 54 years 36.5 36.6 36.5 36.7 31.1
55 to 64 years 45.1 45.1 44.9 44.9 34.0
65 years and over 74.6 74.6 74.6 74.6 38.8
Type of Residence
Inside metropolitan areas 39.9 40.1 40.1 40.2 30.4
Inside central cities 43.9 44.1 44.1 44.2 32.9
Outside central cities 32.8 33.2 33.1 33.2 26.0
Outside metropolitan areas 56.8 57.2 56.5 56.8 43.0
Region
Northeast 47.6 47.6 47.6 47.6 33.5
Midwest 42.3 42.3 42.3 42.6 31.7
South 40.5 41.0 40.8 40.9 32.1
West 37.5 37.7 37.6 37.6 27.8
Table 4. Percent of Unrelated Individuals in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected
Characteristics: 2003 (Black alone or in combination)
After taxes
Definition 8
Definition 4 Definition 6 plus
less Definition 5 plus Definition 7 nonmeans-
Social less Earned less tested
Security Federal Income state government
payroll income Tax income cash
taxes taxes Credit taxes transfers
Def 5 Def 6 Def 7 Def 8 Def 9
Educational Attainment
Total, 18 years old and over 41.5 41.8 41.7 41.8 31.5
18 to 24 years old 46.0 46.5 46.5 46.7 43.2
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 68.0 68.0 68.0 68.7 68.7
25 years old and over 41.0 41.2 41.1 41.2 30.0
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 71.7 72.3 72.1 72.2 54.1
High school graduate, no college 41.1 41.1 40.9 41.1 30.1
College: Less than bachelor's degree 30.9 31.2 31.1 31.2 21.8
Bachelor's degree or more 15.4 15.5 15.4 15.6 10.4
Work Experience in 2003
Total, 20 to 64 years 33.4 33.7 33.5 33.7 29.2
Worked at full-time jobs 9.9 10.3 10.1 10.2 9.0
50 to 52 weeks 3.9 4.4 4.2 4.3 4.0
Worked at part-time jobs 51.5 51.5 51.5 52.0 41.5
Did not work 91.5 91.5 91.5 91.5 80.2
Program Participation Status
Received:
Cash assistance 93.2 93.2 93.1 93.1 86.6
Public assistance or wefare non-SSI 82.9 82.9 82.9 82.9 74.9
SSI 94.5 94.5 94.4 94.4 87.9
Food stamps 85.2 85.2 85.1 85.1 74.6
Housing assistance 78.8 78.8 78.8 78.9 63.7
Energy assistance 83.3 83.4 83.4 83.4 60.7
Table 4. Percent of Unrelated Individuals in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected
Characteristics: 2003 (Black alone or in combination)
After taxes
Definition 8
Definition 4 Definition 6 plus
less Definition 5 plus Definition 7 nonmeans-
Social less Earned less tested
Security Federal Income state government
payroll income Tax income cash
taxes taxes Credit taxes transfers
Def 5 Def 6 Def 7 Def 8 Def 9
Food stamps and cash assistance 92.9 92.9 92.6 92.6 85.2
Health Insurance Coverage
Covered by:
Employer-provided plan 14.1 14.3 14.1 14.2 9.3
Medicare 80.2 80.2 80.1 80.1 45.5
Also Medicaid 91.3 91.3 91.2 91.2 72.5
Medicaid 86.2 86.2 86.1 86.1 75.5
Not covered by:
Health insurance 44.9 45.6 45.3 45.8 41.7
Table 4. Percent of Unrelated Individuals in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected
Characteristics: 2003 (Black alone or in combination)
After taxes
Definition 13
Definition 11 plus
Definition 10 plus other
plus means-tested means-tested
Definition 9 regular-price government Definition 12 government
plus school cash plus noncash
Medicare lunches transfers Medicaid transfers
Def 10 Def 11 Def 12 Def 13 Def 14
BELOW POVERTY LEVEL
Black alone or in combination
Total 30.4 30.4 28.6 27.5 25.0
Age
15 to 24 years 45.9 45.9 44.3 42.3 41.1
25 to 44 years 22.9 22.9 22.1 21.3 20.2
45 to 54 years 29.6 29.6 27.2 25.4 22.2
55 to 64 years 32.9 32.9 30.8 29.8 27.1
65 years and over 35.0 35.0 31.8 31.3 26.2
Type of Residence
Inside metropolitan areas 29.0 29.0 27.3 26.2 23.7
Inside central cities 31.2 31.2 29.1 28.1 25.0
Outside central cities 25.1 25.1 24.0 22.9 21.3
Outside metropolitan areas 41.1 41.1 38.9 37.1 35.2
Region
Northeast 30.8 30.8 28.0 26.6 23.6
Midwest 31.0 31.0 29.0 28.4 27.0
South 31.0 31.0 29.9 29.2 26.4
West 25.7 25.7 21.7 18.1 16.4
Table 4. Percent of Unrelated Individuals in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected
Characteristics: 2003 (Black alone or in combination)
After taxes
Definition 13
Definition 11 plus
Definition 10 plus other
plus means-tested means-tested
Definition 9 regular-price government Definition 12 government
plus school cash plus noncash
Medicare lunches transfers Medicaid transfers
Def 10 Def 11 Def 12 Def 13 Def 14
Educational Attainment
Total, 18 years old and over 30.0 30.0 28.2 27.1 24.6
18 to 24 years old 42.9 42.9 41.2 39.4 38.2
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 67.6 67.6 67.1 60.5 57.2
25 years old and over 28.4 28.4 26.6 25.6 22.9
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 50.0 50.0 47.1 45.2 39.4
High school graduate, no college 28.5 28.5 26.5 25.4 23.0
College: Less than bachelor's degree 21.6 21.6 20.0 19.5 17.7
Bachelor's degree or more 10.2 10.2 9.4 9.1 9.0
Work Experience in 2003
Total, 20 to 64 years 28.3 28.3 26.7 25.5 23.6
Worked at full-time jobs 9.0 9.0 8.9 8.4 8.0
50 to 52 weeks 4.0 4.0 4.0 3.7 3.6
Worked at part-time jobs 41.5 41.5 37.6 37.1 36.2
Did not work 76.6 76.6 71.7 68.3 61.9
Program Participation Status
Received:
Cash assistance 81.2 81.2 63.4 55.5 40.8
Public assistance or wefare non-SSI 73.1 73.1 56.2 51.2 43.5
SSI 81.7 81.7 63.9 55.7 40.0
Food stamps 69.2 69.2 66.1 62.0 49.9
Housing assistance 58.5 58.5 52.1 47.5 29.3
Energy assistance 57.4 57.4 50.8 47.9 40.1
Table 4. Percent of Unrelated Individuals in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected
Characteristics: 2003 (Black alone or in combination)
After taxes
Definition 13
Definition 11 plus
Definition 10 plus other
plus means-tested means-tested
Definition 9 regular-price government Definition 12 government
plus school cash plus noncash
Medicare lunches transfers Medicaid transfers
Def 10 Def 11 Def 12 Def 13 Def 14
Food stamps and cash assistance 79.8 79.8 73.1 67.8 45.7
Health Insurance Coverage
Covered by:
Employer-provided plan 9.2 9.2 8.9 8.8 8.4
Medicare 39.4 39.4 35.3 34.8 28.1
Also Medicaid 62.2 62.2 51.6 50.1 36.2
Medicaid 70.8 70.8 62.1 55.5 46.3
Not covered by:
Health insurance 41.7 41.7 41.5 41.5 40.7
Table 4. Percent of Unrelated Individuals in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected
Characteristics: 2003 (Black alone or in combination)
After taxes
Definition 14
plus
net Money
imputed Definition 14 Income Money
return less after Taxes Income
on equity medical not including after
in own home programs EITC Taxes
Def 15 Def 16 Def 17 Def 18
BELOW POVERTY LEVEL
Black alone or in combination
Total 22.6 26.1 30.5 30.4
Age
15 to 24 years 41.1 42.8 45.3 45.3
25 to 44 years 19.7 21.1 23.6 23.4
45 to 54 years 21.8 23.1 28.9 28.7
55 to 64 years 22.9 27.7 32.4 32.1
65 years and over 17.1 27.4 35.4 35.4
Type of Residence
Inside metropolitan areas 21.7 24.6 29.1 29.0
Inside central cities 23.0 25.9 31.1 31.1
Outside central cities 19.4 22.3 25.7 25.5
Outside metropolitan areas 28.8 36.9 40.9 40.4
Region
Northeast 22.5 24.5 31.1 31.1
Midwest 25.6 28.0 30.9 30.9
South 22.9 27.3 31.3 31.1
West 14.7 18.4 24.0 23.8
Table 4. Percent of Unrelated Individuals in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected
Characteristics: 2003 (Black alone or in combination)
After taxes
Definition 14
plus
net Money
imputed Definition 14 Income Money
return less after Taxes Income
on equity medical not including after
in own home programs EITC Taxes
Def 15 Def 16 Def 17 Def 18
Educational Attainment
Total, 18 years old and over 22.1 25.6 30.1 30.0
18 to 24 years old 38.2 40.0 42.3 42.3
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 57.2 63.8 68.2 68.2
25 years old and over 20.1 23.9 28.6 28.4
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 32.3 40.6 51.1 50.8
High school graduate, no college 21.2 24.5 29.0 28.9
College: Less than bachelor's degree 16.1 17.7 20.3 20.3
Bachelor's degree or more 8.1 9.6 10.3 10.2
Work Experience in 2003
Total, 20 to 64 years 22.6 24.6 28.2 28.0
Worked at full-time jobs 7.8 8.2 9.7 9.4
50 to 52 weeks 3.4 3.7 4.4 4.2
Worked at part-time jobs 34.8 36.4 39.6 39.6
Did not work 58.9 65.2 75.0 75.0
Program Participation Status
Received:
Cash assistance 35.3 46.5 68.3 68.3
Public assistance or wefare non-SSI 43.5 46.4 56.5 56.5
SSI 33.6 46.0 69.5 69.5
Food stamps 44.8 52.0 70.6 70.6
Housing assistance 29.3 29.5 58.4 58.4
Energy assistance 32.8 42.3 54.9 54.9
Table 4. Percent of Unrelated Individuals in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected
Characteristics: 2003 (Black alone or in combination)
After taxes
Definition 14
plus
net Money
imputed Definition 14 Income Money
return less after Taxes Income
on equity medical not including after
in own home programs EITC Taxes
Def 15 Def 16 Def 17 Def 18
Food stamps and cash assistance 38.7 48.1 76.0 76.0
Health Insurance Coverage
Covered by:
Employer-provided plan 7.9 8.4 10.1 10.0
Medicare 19.6 30.3 40.8 40.8
Also Medicaid 27.5 40.2 60.6 60.6
Medicaid 41.6 51.0 66.1 66.1
Not covered by:
Health insurance 39.2 40.7 42.0 41.5
Table 4. Percent of Unrelated Individuals in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected
Characteristics: 2003 (Black alone or in combination)
Defin 1 Defin 2 Defin 3 Defin 4 Defin 5 Defin 6 Defin 7 Defin 8 Defin 9
BELOW POVERTY LEVEL
Black alone or in combination
Total 1814 2585 2553 2518 2595 2611 2602 2611 1975
Age
15 to 24 years 312 344 344 328 350 354 354 355 331
25 to 44 years 491 554 551 539 574 585 579 585 540
45 to 54 years 339 453 446 443 450 452 451 453 384
55 to 64 years 256 360 355 355 365 365 363 363 275
65 years and over 415 875 856 853 855 855 855 855 445
Type of Residence
Inside metropolitan areas 1540 2187 2162 2131 2183 2196 2192 2199 1662
Inside central cities 1063 1551 1531 1507 1534 1538 1537 1543 1147
Outside central cities 476 637 631 624 649 658 655 656 515
Outside metropolitan areas 274 398 391 388 412 415 410 412 312
Region
Northeast 352 540 536 534 542 542 542 542 381
Midwest 343 499 495 483 506 506 505 509 379
South 984 1315 1298 1282 1324 1338 1331 1336 1049
West 134 231 224 220 223 225 224 224 166
Educational Attainment
Total, 18 years old and over 1777 2548 2516 2481 2558 2573 2565 2573 1937
18 to 24 years old 275 307 307 291 313 316 316 317 294
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 98 99 99 99 104 104 104 105 105
25 years old and over 1501 2241 2209 2190 2245 2257 2248 2256 1643
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 628 907 893 890 910 917 915 916 686
High school graduate, no college 525 773 767 755 773 773 769 771 565
College: Less than bachelor's degree 255 408 397 394 406 410 409 410 287
Table 4. Percent of Unrelated Individuals in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected
Characteristics: 2003 (Black alone or in combination)
Defin 1 Defin 2 Defin 3 Defin 4 Defin 5 Defin 6 Defin 7 Defin 8 Defin 9
Bachelor's degree or more 94 153 153 152 156 157 156 158 105
Work Experience in 2003
Total, 20 to 64 years 1308 1614 1601 1571 1644 1659 1651 1658 1435
Worked at full-time jobs 258 291 288 268 323 339 330 335 295
50 to 52 weeks 87 93 91 78 107 120 115 118 108
Worked at part-time jobs 166 225 226 217 234 234 234 237 189
Did not work 883 1099 1086 1086 1086 1086 1086 1086 952
Program Participation Status
Received:
Cash assistance 384 520 514 513 524 524 524 524 487
Public assistance or wefare non-SSI 40 54 54 54 61 61 61 61 55
SSI 345 470 464 463 467 467 466 466 434
Food stamps 458 558 549 548 554 554 553 553 485
Housing assistance 444 608 603 599 616 617 617 618 499
Energy assistance 132 196 196 196 197 197 197 197 143
Food stamps and cash assistance 204 248 244 243 246 246 245 245 225
Health Insurance Coverage
Covered by:
Employer-provided plan 268 418 414 379 402 408 403 405 267
Medicare 596 1189 1163 1159 1162 1162 1161 1161 660
Also Medicaid 283 438 429 429 431 431 430 430 342
Medicaid 684 901 888 888 907 907 906 906 794
Not covered by:
Health insurance 514 566 566 566 602 612 608 614 559
Table 4. Percent of Unrelated Individuals in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected
Characteristics: 2003 (Black alone or in combination)
Defin 10 Defin 11 Defin 12 Defin 13 Defin 14 Defin 15 Defin 16 Defin 17 Defin 18
BELOW POVERTY LEVEL
Black alone or in combination
Total 1885 1885 1773 1704 1551 1397 1614 1890 1882
Age
15 to 24 years 329 329 318 303 295 295 307 325 325
25 to 44 years 523 523 506 487 461 451 483 540 536
45 to 54 years 366 366 336 314 274 269 285 357 355
55 to 64 years 266 266 249 241 219 186 225 262 260
65 years and over 401 401 365 359 301 196 315 406 406
Type of Residence
Inside metropolitan areas 1587 1587 1491 1434 1296 1188 1346 1593 1588
Inside central cities 1090 1090 1016 981 874 804 904 1084 1084
Outside central cities 497 497 474 453 422 384 441 509 504
Outside metropolitan areas 298 298 282 269 255 209 268 296 293
Region
Northeast 351 351 319 303 269 256 279 354 354
Midwest 371 371 346 339 322 306 335 370 370
South 1011 1011 978 954 862 748 890 1023 1016
West 153 153 129 108 97 87 110 143 142
Educational Attainment
Total, 18 years old and over 1848 1848 1736 1669 1515 1362 1578 1852 1844
18 to 24 years old 292 292 280 268 260 260 272 288 288
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 103 103 102 92 87 87 97 104 104
25 years old and over 1556 1556 1455 1400 1255 1102 1306 1565 1557
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 634 634 598 573 499 410 514 648 645
High school graduate, no college 535 535 498 478 432 398 461 544 542
College: Less than bachelor's degree 284 284 264 257 233 212 233 268 266
Table 4. Percent of Unrelated Individuals in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected
Characteristics: 2003 (Black alone or in combination)
Defin 10 Defin 11 Defin 12 Defin 13 Defin 14 Defin 15 Defin 16 Defin 17 Defin 18
Bachelor's degree or more 103 103 95 93 91 82 97 105 103
Work Experience in 2003
Total, 20 to 64 years 1392 1392 1315 1256 1161 1112 1208 1388 1379
Worked at full-time jobs 295 295 293 277 261 254 269 318 309
50 to 52 weeks 108 108 108 102 98 94 101 120 116
Worked at part-time jobs 189 189 171 169 165 158 166 180 180
Did not work 909 909 851 810 735 699 774 890 890
Program Participation Status
Received:
Cash assistance 457 457 357 312 230 198 261 384 384
Public assistance or wefare non-SSI 54 54 42 38 32 32 34 42 42
SSI 404 404 316 275 197 166 227 343 343
Food stamps 450 450 430 403 324 292 338 459 459
Housing assistance 458 458 408 372 229 229 231 457 457
Energy assistance 136 136 120 113 95 78 100 130 130
Food stamps and cash assistance 211 211 193 179 121 102 127 201 201
Health Insurance Coverage
Covered by:
Employer-provided plan 262 262 254 252 239 226 240 288 286
Medicare 571 571 511 504 407 285 440 592 592
Also Medicaid 293 293 243 236 171 130 190 286 286
Medicaid 745 745 653 584 487 438 537 696 696
Not covered by:
Health insurance 559 559 557 557 545 526 545 563 557
Race Footnotes