Table 4. Percent of Unrelated Individuals in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected
Characteristics: 2003 (All Races)
Before taxes
Definition 3
Money income-- plus
Excluding health
capital Definition 1 Definition 2 insurance
gains less plus supplements to
(current government capital wage or salary
Total measure) transfers gains income
(thous.) Def 1 Def 2 Def 3 Def 4
BELOW POVERTY LEVEL
All Races
Total 47594 20.4 35.9 35.1 34.8
Age
15 to 24 years 6475 35.5 37.7 37.6 37.0
25 to 44 years 16396 16.4 18.9 18.9 18.5
45 to 54 years 7480 17.7 24.1 23.7 23.5
55 to 64 years 5790 20.8 32.7 32.0 31.7
65 years and over 11454 19.2 68.5 65.9 65.7
Type of Residence
Inside metropolitan areas 39293 19.5 33.8 33.1 32.7
Inside central cities 18003 22.2 35.8 35.2 34.8
Outside central cities 21290 17.3 32.2 31.3 31.0
Outside metropolitan areas 8302 24.7 45.8 44.6 44.4
Region
Northeast 9092 21.1 38.6 37.9 37.6
Midwest 10873 20.4 37.2 36.1 35.6
South 16603 21.1 35.5 35.1 34.8
West 11026 18.9 33.0 31.9 31.5
Table 4. Percent of Unrelated Individuals in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected
Characteristics: 2003 (All Races)
Before taxes
Definition 3
Money income-- plus
Excluding health
capital Definition 1 Definition 2 insurance
gains less plus supplements to
(current government capital wage or salary
Total measure) transfers gains income
(thous.) Def 1 Def 2 Def 3 Def 4
Educational Attainment
Total, 18 years old and over 47377 20.1 35.6 34.8 34.5
18 to 24 years old 6258 33.5 35.7 35.6 35.0
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 889 51.9 53.0 53.0 52.6
25 years old and over 41119 18.0 35.6 34.7 34.4
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 6883 37.2 67.9 66.3 65.9
High school graduate, no college 12797 19.2 41.0 39.9 39.7
College: Less than bachelor's degree 10227 14.0 29.0 28.2 28.0
Bachelor's degree or more 11213 8.6 15.8 15.2 15.0
Work Experience in 2003
Total, 20 to 64 years 35141 19.5 24.4 24.2 23.8
Worked at full-time jobs 24939 5.8 6.8 6.8 6.5
50 to 52 weeks 20470 2.6 2.7 2.7 2.6
Worked at part-time jobs 3881 31.8 40.2 40.2 38.5
Did not work 6321 66.2 84.1 82.9 82.9
Program Participation Status
Received:
Cash assistance 2249 65.0 92.3 91.0 90.8
Public assistance or wefare non-SSI 299 68.2 88.3 88.6 87.2
SSI 2006 64.6 93.0 91.6 91.5
Food stamps 2399 69.0 85.9 85.1 84.9
Housing assistance 2974 50.3 80.7 79.3 79.0
Energy assistance 1269 51.3 85.2 83.6 83.4
Table 4. Percent of Unrelated Individuals in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected
Characteristics: 2003 (All Races)
Before taxes
Definition 3
Money income-- plus
Excluding health
capital Definition 1 Definition 2 insurance
gains less plus supplements to
(current government capital wage or salary
Total measure) transfers gains income
(thous.) Def 1 Def 2 Def 3 Def 4
Food stamps and cash assistance 973 80.7 96.4 95.3 94.9
Health Insurance Coverage
Covered by:
Employer-provided plan 22806 5.9 12.5 12.0 11.4
Medicare 12966 22.9 71.9 69.2 69.1
Also Medicaid 2447 48.1 87.0 84.7 84.7
Medicaid 4704 55.8 81.3 79.6 79.4
Not covered by:
Health insurance 9269 33.7 37.0 37.0 37.0
Table 4. Percent of Unrelated Individuals in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected
Characteristics: 2003 (All Races)
After taxes
Definition 8
Definition 4 Definition 6 plus
less Definition 5 plus Definition 7 nonmeans-
Social less Earned less tested
Security Federal Income state government
payroll income Tax income cash
taxes taxes Credit taxes transfers
Def 5 Def 6 Def 7 Def 8 Def 9
BELOW POVERTY LEVEL
All Races
Total 36.0 36.2 36.2 36.3 22.4
Age
15 to 24 years 40.0 40.4 40.4 40.5 38.5
25 to 44 years 20.0 20.4 20.2 20.4 18.3
45 to 54 years 24.3 24.5 24.4 24.6 19.7
55 to 64 years 32.5 32.7 32.7 32.8 22.5
65 years and over 65.9 66.0 66.0 66.1 20.9
Type of Residence
Inside metropolitan areas 33.9 34.1 34.0 34.2 21.4
Inside central cities 36.1 36.4 36.3 36.4 24.5
Outside central cities 32.0 32.2 32.2 32.3 18.8
Outside metropolitan areas 45.9 46.2 46.1 46.3 26.9
Region
Northeast 38.7 38.9 38.9 39.0 22.8
Midwest 36.7 36.8 36.8 37.0 21.8
South 36.1 36.4 36.3 36.4 22.8
West 32.8 33.2 33.0 33.1 22.0
Table 4. Percent of Unrelated Individuals in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected
Characteristics: 2003 (All Races)
After taxes
Definition 8
Definition 4 Definition 6 plus
less Definition 5 plus Definition 7 nonmeans-
Social less Earned less tested
Security Federal Income state government
payroll income Tax income cash
taxes taxes Credit taxes transfers
Def 5 Def 6 Def 7 Def 8 Def 9
Educational Attainment
Total, 18 years old and over 35.7 35.9 35.9 36.0 22.1
18 to 24 years old 38.1 38.5 38.5 38.7 36.5
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 57.1 57.4 57.4 57.7 57.3
25 years old and over 35.3 35.6 35.5 35.6 19.8
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 67.4 67.8 67.7 67.9 40.9
High school graduate, no college 40.6 40.8 40.7 40.9 21.2
College: Less than bachelor's degree 28.9 29.2 29.1 29.3 15.6
Bachelor's degree or more 15.5 15.6 15.5 15.6 9.2
Work Experience in 2003
Total, 20 to 64 years 25.3 25.6 25.5 25.6 21.5
Worked at full-time jobs 7.9 8.3 8.2 8.3 7.2
50 to 52 weeks 3.6 3.8 3.7 3.8 3.6
Worked at part-time jobs 42.8 43.2 43.0 43.4 35.4
Did not work 82.9 83.0 83.0 83.1 69.6
Program Participation Status
Received:
Cash assistance 92.0 92.1 92.0 92.1 84.6
Public assistance or wefare non-SSI 90.9 91.8 91.6 91.6 80.3
SSI 92.3 92.3 92.2 92.3 85.1
Food stamps 85.6 85.8 85.6 85.7 73.0
Housing assistance 80.5 80.6 80.6 80.8 56.9
Energy assistance 84.7 84.7 84.7 84.7 56.6
Table 4. Percent of Unrelated Individuals in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected
Characteristics: 2003 (All Races)
After taxes
Definition 8
Definition 4 Definition 6 plus
less Definition 5 plus Definition 7 nonmeans-
Social less Earned less tested
Security Federal Income state government
payroll income Tax income cash
taxes taxes Credit taxes transfers
Def 5 Def 6 Def 7 Def 8 Def 9
Food stamps and cash assistance 95.3 95.6 95.5 95.5 89.0
Health Insurance Coverage
Covered by:
Employer-provided plan 11.7 11.8 11.7 11.8 5.7
Medicare 69.3 69.3 69.3 69.4 25.2
Also Medicaid 85.0 85.0 85.0 85.0 59.7
Medicaid 80.6 80.8 80.7 80.8 65.4
Not covered by:
Health insurance 40.9 41.7 41.5 41.8 38.3
Table 4. Percent of Unrelated Individuals in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected
Characteristics: 2003 (All Races)
After taxes
Definition 13
Definition 11 plus
Definition 10 plus other
plus means-tested means-tested
Definition 9 regular-price government Definition 12 government
plus school cash plus noncash
Medicare lunches transfers Medicaid transfers
Def 10 Def 11 Def 12 Def 13 Def 14
BELOW POVERTY LEVEL
All Races
Total 21.3 21.3 20.3 19.7 18.5
Age
15 to 24 years 38.4 38.4 37.9 37.4 36.8
25 to 44 years 17.9 17.9 17.4 16.7 16.0
45 to 54 years 18.9 18.9 17.5 16.5 15.1
55 to 64 years 21.4 21.4 20.2 19.4 17.7
65 years and over 18.2 18.2 16.4 16.1 14.3
Type of Residence
Inside metropolitan areas 20.4 20.4 19.4 18.8 17.6
Inside central cities 23.4 23.4 22.0 21.3 19.9
Outside central cities 17.8 17.8 17.1 16.6 15.7
Outside metropolitan areas 25.7 25.7 24.7 24.0 22.7
Region
Northeast 21.2 21.2 19.9 19.2 17.7
Midwest 20.8 20.8 20.1 19.6 18.5
South 22.1 22.1 21.6 21.2 20.0
West 20.6 20.6 18.8 17.9 17.0
Table 4. Percent of Unrelated Individuals in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected
Characteristics: 2003 (All Races)
After taxes
Definition 13
Definition 11 plus
Definition 10 plus other
plus means-tested means-tested
Definition 9 regular-price government Definition 12 government
plus school cash plus noncash
Medicare lunches transfers Medicaid transfers
Def 10 Def 11 Def 12 Def 13 Def 14
Educational Attainment
Total, 18 years old and over 21.0 21.0 20.0 19.4 18.2
18 to 24 years old 36.4 36.4 36.0 35.5 34.9
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 57.1 57.1 56.4 54.8 53.7
25 years old and over 18.6 18.6 17.5 16.9 15.6
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 37.7 37.7 35.2 33.7 30.1
High school graduate, no college 19.8 19.8 18.7 18.2 16.8
College: Less than bachelor's degree 15.0 15.0 14.1 13.7 12.9
Bachelor's degree or more 9.0 9.0 8.4 8.1 7.8
Work Experience in 2003
Total, 20 to 64 years 21.0 21.0 20.2 19.5 18.5
Worked at full-time jobs 7.2 7.2 7.1 7.0 6.8
50 to 52 weeks 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.5 3.4
Worked at part-time jobs 35.1 35.1 34.0 33.7 32.8
Did not work 66.7 66.7 63.2 60.0 55.9
Program Participation Status
Received:
Cash assistance 78.5 78.5 58.3 49.7 36.9
Public assistance or wefare non-SSI 77.1 77.1 65.1 58.6 49.9
SSI 78.6 78.6 57.4 48.1 34.8
Food stamps 67.1 67.1 62.6 58.0 46.0
Housing assistance 49.4 49.4 42.7 37.9 21.4
Energy assistance 52.0 52.0 46.3 43.1 37.1
Table 4. Percent of Unrelated Individuals in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected
Characteristics: 2003 (All Races)
After taxes
Definition 13
Definition 11 plus
Definition 10 plus other
plus means-tested means-tested
Definition 9 regular-price government Definition 12 government
plus school cash plus noncash
Medicare lunches transfers Medicaid transfers
Def 10 Def 11 Def 12 Def 13 Def 14
Food stamps and cash assistance 82.8 82.8 72.3 64.3 44.5
Health Insurance Coverage
Covered by:
Employer-provided plan 5.6 5.6 5.4 5.4 5.2
Medicare 21.3 21.3 19.0 18.6 16.0
Also Medicaid 50.4 50.4 38.9 36.8 27.5
Medicaid 60.5 60.5 51.2 45.2 37.5
Not covered by:
Health insurance 38.3 38.3 38.3 38.3 37.6
Table 4. Percent of Unrelated Individuals in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected
Characteristics: 2003 (All Races)
After taxes
Definition 14
plus
net Money
imputed Definition 14 Income Money
return less after Taxes Income
on equity medical not including after
in own home programs EITC Taxes
Def 15 Def 16 Def 17 Def 18
BELOW POVERTY LEVEL
All Races
Total 16.8 19.3 21.8 21.8
Age
15 to 24 years 36.8 37.5 39.0 39.0
25 to 44 years 15.8 16.8 18.4 18.3
45 to 54 years 14.1 15.9 18.8 18.7
55 to 64 years 15.0 18.2 21.6 21.4
65 years and over 9.4 15.5 19.1 19.1
Type of Residence
Inside metropolitan areas 16.2 18.4 20.9 20.9
Inside central cities 18.9 20.6 23.4 23.4
Outside central cities 13.9 16.6 18.8 18.7
Outside metropolitan areas 19.6 23.6 26.2 26.1
Region
Northeast 16.5 18.4 22.1 22.1
Midwest 16.9 19.4 21.8 21.7
South 17.6 20.5 22.6 22.5
West 15.6 18.1 20.6 20.5
Table 4. Percent of Unrelated Individuals in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected
Characteristics: 2003 (All Races)
After taxes
Definition 14
plus
net Money
imputed Definition 14 Income Money
return less after Taxes Income
on equity medical not including after
in own home programs EITC Taxes
Def 15 Def 16 Def 17 Def 18
Educational Attainment
Total, 18 years old and over 16.4 19.0 21.5 21.4
18 to 24 years old 34.8 35.5 37.0 37.0
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 53.6 55.8 57.9 57.9
25 years old and over 13.6 16.5 19.1 19.0
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 25.7 31.9 38.7 38.6
High school graduate, no college 14.7 18.0 20.5 20.5
College: Less than bachelor's degree 11.1 13.3 15.2 15.2
Bachelor's degree or more 7.2 8.1 9.0 9.0
Work Experience in 2003
Total, 20 to 64 years 17.7 19.2 21.4 21.3
Worked at full-time jobs 6.6 6.9 7.8 7.7
50 to 52 weeks 3.3 3.5 4.0 4.0
Worked at part-time jobs 31.6 33.0 36.3 35.9
Did not work 53.3 59.1 65.8 65.8
Program Participation Status
Received:
Cash assistance 32.1 43.3 63.7 63.7
Public assistance or wefare non-SSI 46.7 55.9 69.4 69.2
SSI 29.5 41.2 62.9 62.9
Food stamps 41.1 49.2 69.1 68.8
Housing assistance 21.4 22.1 51.1 51.1
Energy assistance 31.2 39.5 51.5 51.1
Table 4. Percent of Unrelated Individuals in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected
Characteristics: 2003 (All Races)
After taxes
Definition 14
plus
net Money
imputed Definition 14 Income Money
return less after Taxes Income
on equity medical not including after
in own home programs EITC Taxes
Def 15 Def 16 Def 17 Def 18
Food stamps and cash assistance 38.6 49.3 78.5 78.5
Health Insurance Coverage
Covered by:
Employer-provided plan 4.6 5.3 6.6 6.5
Medicare 11.3 17.9 22.7 22.7
Also Medicaid 21.2 31.1 47.1 47.1
Medicaid 33.3 42.3 55.8 55.8
Not covered by:
Health insurance 36.8 37.6 38.6 38.3
Table 4. Percent of Unrelated Individuals in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected
Characteristics: 2003 (All Races)
Defin 1 Defin 2 Defin 3 Defin 4 Defin 5 Defin 6 Defin 7 Defin 8 Defin 9
BELOW POVERTY LEVEL
All Races
Total 9713 17090 16706 16551 17122 17237 17208 17267 10652
Age
15 to 24 years 2300 2440 2435 2394 2588 2613 2613 2624 2491
25 to 44 years 2683 3102 3098 3032 3284 3339 3318 3340 2994
45 to 54 years 1326 1804 1775 1759 1817 1832 1827 1839 1474
55 to 64 years 1202 1896 1854 1838 1880 1896 1893 1897 1300
65 years and over 2202 7848 7544 7528 7553 7557 7557 7567 2393
Type of Residence
Inside metropolitan areas 7666 13286 13004 12866 13313 13402 13379 13419 8418
Inside central cities 3989 6440 6343 6274 6503 6548 6532 6549 4413
Outside central cities 3677 6846 6661 6592 6810 6854 6847 6871 4005
Outside metropolitan areas 2047 3803 3702 3685 3808 3835 3829 3847 2235
Region
Northeast 1918 3512 3445 3423 3520 3537 3534 3543 2072
Midwest 2217 4041 3921 3872 3990 4001 3999 4027 2370
South 3499 5902 5822 5779 5995 6040 6032 6047 3781
West 2079 3635 3519 3476 3617 3659 3643 3650 2430
Educational Attainment
Total, 18 years old and over 9508 16885 16501 16346 16916 17032 17003 17061 10447
18 to 24 years old 2095 2235 2230 2189 2383 2408 2408 2419 2285
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 462 471 472 468 508 510 510 514 509
25 years old and over 7413 14650 14271 14157 14534 14624 14595 14642 8162
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 2560 4676 4566 4537 4642 4665 4662 4670 2817
High school graduate, no college 2458 5241 5111 5074 5198 5217 5211 5228 2718
College: Less than bachelor's degree 1435 2964 2886 2863 2960 2988 2981 2993 1594
Table 4. Percent of Unrelated Individuals in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected
Characteristics: 2003 (All Races)
Defin 1 Defin 2 Defin 3 Defin 4 Defin 5 Defin 6 Defin 7 Defin 8 Defin 9
Bachelor's degree or more 961 1769 1708 1682 1733 1754 1741 1751 1033
Work Experience in 2003
Total, 20 to 64 years 6850 8571 8497 8359 8875 8985 8957 9004 7572
Worked at full-time jobs 1435 1695 1699 1624 1975 2063 2040 2071 1800
50 to 52 weeks 528 557 562 526 731 776 765 782 740
Worked at part-time jobs 1233 1561 1559 1495 1661 1675 1669 1684 1375
Did not work 4182 5315 5240 5240 5240 5248 5247 5250 4397
Program Participation Status
Received:
Cash assistance 1463 2076 2047 2042 2068 2071 2069 2070 1902
Public assistance or wefare non-SSI 204 264 265 260 272 274 274 274 240
SSI 1295 1866 1837 1836 1851 1851 1850 1852 1708
Food stamps 1655 2060 2042 2037 2054 2059 2054 2055 1751
Housing assistance 1497 2400 2359 2350 2395 2398 2397 2402 1691
Energy assistance 651 1080 1061 1058 1074 1075 1075 1075 718
Food stamps and cash assistance 785 937 927 923 927 930 929 929 865
Health Insurance Coverage
Covered by:
Employer-provided plan 1351 2842 2744 2589 2665 2688 2675 2685 1301
Medicare 2963 9320 8977 8958 8983 8987 8986 8996 3272
Also Medicaid 1176 2128 2073 2072 2080 2080 2080 2080 1460
Medicaid 2626 3822 3745 3736 3792 3799 3798 3801 3074
Not covered by:
Health insurance 3120 3432 3428 3428 3791 3861 3847 3874 3551
Table 4. Percent of Unrelated Individuals in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected
Characteristics: 2003 (All Races)
Defin 10 Defin 11 Defin 12 Defin 13 Defin 14 Defin 15 Defin 16 Defin 17 Defin 18
BELOW POVERTY LEVEL
All Races
Total 10141 10141 9657 9372 8808 7975 9192 10391 10357
Age
15 to 24 years 2483 2483 2455 2423 2386 2383 2428 2524 2524
25 to 44 years 2927 2927 2845 2742 2628 2588 2751 3022 3004
45 to 54 years 1411 1411 1310 1236 1132 1055 1187 1404 1398
55 to 64 years 1238 1238 1170 1122 1022 871 1056 1248 1238
65 years and over 2081 2081 1877 1849 1640 1078 1770 2193 2193
Type of Residence
Inside metropolitan areas 8010 8010 7609 7376 6927 6351 7230 8220 8193
Inside central cities 4217 4217 3958 3835 3578 3394 3704 4219 4210
Outside central cities 3793 3793 3651 3541 3349 2957 3526 4001 3984
Outside metropolitan areas 2130 2130 2048 1996 1881 1624 1962 2171 2164
Region
Northeast 1931 1931 1810 1743 1611 1498 1676 2010 2007
Midwest 2262 2262 2185 2131 2015 1833 2110 2366 2359
South 3677 3677 3585 3527 3313 2927 3405 3748 3731
West 2271 2271 2077 1972 1869 1717 2001 2268 2260
Educational Attainment
Total, 18 years old and over 9935 9935 9452 9170 8605 7772 8989 10184 10150
18 to 24 years old 2278 2278 2250 2221 2183 2180 2225 2317 2317
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 508 508 501 488 477 477 496 515 515
25 years old and over 7657 7657 7202 6949 6422 5592 6764 7867 7833
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 2593 2593 2424 2321 2075 1770 2192 2665 2658
High school graduate, no college 2528 2528 2389 2323 2152 1875 2298 2628 2617
College: Less than bachelor's degree 1532 1532 1447 1400 1318 1137 1362 1559 1550
Table 4. Percent of Unrelated Individuals in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected
Characteristics: 2003 (All Races)
Defin 10 Defin 11 Defin 12 Defin 13 Defin 14 Defin 15 Defin 16 Defin 17 Defin 18
Bachelor's degree or more 1004 1004 942 905 877 810 912 1014 1008
Work Experience in 2003
Total, 20 to 64 years 7374 7374 7095 6846 6498 6230 6743 7503 7469
Worked at full-time jobs 1795 1795 1780 1745 1691 1638 1724 1933 1915
50 to 52 weeks 737 737 732 718 699 666 711 823 816
Worked at part-time jobs 1362 1362 1318 1309 1272 1226 1282 1410 1395
Did not work 4216 4216 3997 3793 3535 3367 3737 4160 4160
Program Participation Status
Received:
Cash assistance 1765 1765 1311 1117 829 721 974 1434 1433
Public assistance or wefare non-SSI 230 230 194 175 149 140 167 207 207
SSI 1577 1577 1152 965 698 591 826 1262 1262
Food stamps 1610 1610 1503 1392 1103 985 1180 1657 1651
Housing assistance 1469 1469 1270 1126 635 635 657 1520 1519
Energy assistance 660 660 588 547 471 395 501 654 649
Food stamps and cash assistance 805 805 703 625 433 375 479 763 763
Health Insurance Coverage
Covered by:
Employer-provided plan 1266 1266 1235 1230 1184 1052 1204 1495 1489
Medicare 2760 2760 2460 2409 2080 1461 2326 2950 2950
Also Medicaid 1232 1232 951 900 674 518 760 1152 1152
Medicaid 2847 2847 2409 2124 1762 1566 1988 2625 2625
Not covered by:
Health insurance 3551 3551 3549 3549 3489 3413 3489 3576 3549
Race Footnotes