Table 3. Percent of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2003
(Black alone)
Before taxes
Definition 3
Money income-- plus
Excluding health
capital Definition 1 Definition 2 insurance
gains less plus supplements to
(current government capital wage or salary
Total measure) transfers gains income
(thous.) Def 1 Def 2 Def 3 Def 4
BELOW POVERTY LEVEL
Black alone
All families 8914 22.3 30.3 30.2 29.5
Age of Householder
15 to 24 years 723 51.4 54.2 54.2 53.9
25 to 44 years 4253 25.0 28.2 28.0 27.1
45 to 54 years 1899 12.2 18.4 18.3 17.6
55 to 64 years 1066 14.2 25.4 25.7 25.2
65 years and over 972 17.1 50.8 50.2 49.7
Type of Family
Married-couple families 4146 7.8 15.7 15.4 15.1
With related children under 18 2254 8.9 11.5 11.3 10.7
With related children under 6 952 8.5 10.3 9.9 9.2
Male householder, no wife present 782 24.5 32.4 32.5 31.8
Female householder, no husband present 3986 36.9 45.1 45.1 44.0
With related children under 18 3082 42.8 48.4 48.3 47.1
With related children under 6 1350 54.7 59.3 59.3 58.2
Type of Residence
Inside metropolitan areas 7792 21.8 29.1 29.0 28.4
Inside central cities 4381 26.4 34.9 34.8 34.0
Outside central cities 3412 16.0 21.6 21.5 21.1
Outside metropolitan areas 1122 25.2 39.0 38.7 37.1
Table 3. Percent of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2003
(Black alone)
Before taxes
Definition 3
Money income-- plus
Excluding health
capital Definition 1 Definition 2 insurance
gains less plus supplements to
(current government capital wage or salary
Total measure) transfers gains income
(thous.) Def 1 Def 2 Def 3 Def 4
Region
Northeast 1543 21.2 28.1 28.2 27.4
Midwest 1645 24.9 33.6 33.4 32.2
South 4916 22.3 30.7 30.5 29.9
West 809 18.8 26.0 25.7 25.2
Educational Attainment
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 1712 37.9 55.2 55.0 54.3
High school graduate, no college 3140 25.5 33.5 33.4 32.2
College: Less than bachelor's degree 2602 18.4 23.6 23.4 22.8
Bachelor's degree or more 1460 3.8 6.5 6.4 6.2
Work Experience in 2003
Total, 15 to 64 years 7942 22.9 27.8 27.7 27.0
Worked at full-time jobs 5446 10.4 12.5 12.5 11.5
50 to 52 weeks 4524 6.3 7.2 7.2 6.3
Worked at part-time jobs 809 47.4 52.0 51.8 51.3
Did not work 1687 51.5 65.9 65.6 65.2
Year-Round Full-Time Workers
No workers 3025 54.0 75.1 74.7 74.2
Householder 15 to 64 years 2378 62.0 75.7 75.5 75.0
Householder 65 years and over 647 24.6 72.8 71.8 71.3
One worker 3801 8.8 10.8 10.8 9.5
Two workers or more 2087 0.8 1.0 1.0 1.0
Table 3. Percent of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2003
(Black alone)
Before taxes
Definition 3
Money income-- plus
Excluding health
capital Definition 1 Definition 2 insurance
gains less plus supplements to
(current government capital wage or salary
Total measure) transfers gains income
(thous.) Def 1 Def 2 Def 3 Def 4
Program Participation Status of
Family Members
One or more members received:
Cash assistance 1155 55.4 76.0 75.7 74.9
Public assistance or wefare non-SSI 630 71.0 80.5 80.6 79.9
SSI 632 40.5 73.8 72.8 72.3
Food stamps 1620 67.6 78.9 78.6 77.4
Housing assistance 1209 61.0 70.3 70.3 69.2
Energy assistance 396 61.2 77.2 77.2 75.9
Free or reduced-price school lunches 2162 47.7 55.8 55.3 54.2
Family received both food stamps and
cash assistance 738 73.0 88.7 88.5 87.8
Health Insurance Coverage
One or more members covered by:
Employer-provided plan 5651 7.5 11.1 11.0 9.8
Medicare 1781 19.3 49.0 48.3 48.0
Medicaid 3042 44.3 57.1 56.8 55.9
No members covered by:
Employer-provided plan or Medicare or
Medicaid 885 33.8 36.3 36.0 36.0
Health insurance 656 40.5 42.8 42.5 42.5
Family received:
Medicare and Medicaid 683 28.0 64.9 63.8 63.5
Table 3. Percent of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2003
(Black alone)
After taxes
Definition 8
Definition 4 Definition 6 plus
less Definition 5 plus Definition 7 nonmeans-
Social less Earned less tested
Security Federal Income state government
payroll income Tax income cash
taxes taxes Credit taxes transfers
Def 5 Def 6 Def 7 Def 8 Def 9
BELOW POVERTY LEVEL
Black alone
All families 30.5 30.5 28.3 28.4 21.9
Age of Householder
15 to 24 years 56.6 56.6 56.3 56.3 54.1
25 to 44 years 28.0 28.0 25.0 25.1 22.9
45 to 54 years 18.3 18.2 16.1 16.0 12.2
55 to 64 years 26.3 26.3 24.9 24.9 15.3
65 years and over 50.0 50.3 49.9 50.3 20.2
Type of Family
Married-couple families 15.5 15.6 14.8 14.8 7.6
With related children under 18 11.3 11.3 10.0 10.1 7.9
With related children under 6 10.1 10.1 8.9 8.9 7.1
Male householder, no wife present 32.7 32.7 30.2 30.4 23.9
Female householder, no husband present 45.6 45.6 42.1 42.1 36.5
With related children under 18 49.1 49.0 44.8 44.7 41.3
With related children under 6 59.9 59.8 56.2 56.1 53.7
Type of Residence
Inside metropolitan areas 29.3 29.4 27.3 27.3 21.5
Inside central cities 35.1 35.1 32.7 32.8 25.9
Outside central cities 21.9 22.0 20.3 20.3 15.7
Outside metropolitan areas 38.3 38.3 35.7 35.9 25.2
Table 3. Percent of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2003
(Black alone)
After taxes
Definition 8
Definition 4 Definition 6 plus
less Definition 5 plus Definition 7 nonmeans-
Social less Earned less tested
Security Federal Income state government
payroll income Tax income cash
taxes taxes Credit taxes transfers
Def 5 Def 6 Def 7 Def 8 Def 9
Region
Northeast 28.5 28.5 26.1 25.7 20.5
Midwest 33.1 33.2 31.2 31.2 24.4
South 30.9 30.8 28.6 28.8 21.6
West 26.4 26.7 25.5 25.5 21.7
Educational Attainment
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 56.5 56.5 52.7 52.8 38.9
High school graduate, no college 33.2 33.3 30.9 31.0 25.1
College: Less than bachelor's degree 23.6 23.5 21.6 21.6 16.9
Bachelor's degree or more 6.4 6.4 6.3 6.3 4.2
Work Experience in 2003
Total, 15 to 64 years 28.1 28.1 25.7 25.7 22.1
Worked at full-time jobs 12.6 12.5 10.0 10.1 8.7
50 to 52 weeks 7.4 7.3 5.0 5.1 4.6
Worked at part-time jobs 53.5 53.6 48.9 48.4 44.2
Did not work 65.8 66.0 65.2 65.3 54.8
Year-Round Full-Time Workers
No workers 75.0 75.1 72.9 72.7 55.6
Householder 15 to 64 years 76.0 76.0 73.2 72.9 62.8
Householder 65 years and over 71.5 71.8 71.5 71.6 29.0
One worker 11.1 11.1 8.0 8.2 6.8
Two workers or more 1.1 1.1 0.9 1.0 0.8
Table 3. Percent of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2003
(Black alone)
After taxes
Definition 8
Definition 4 Definition 6 plus
less Definition 5 plus Definition 7 nonmeans-
Social less Earned less tested
Security Federal Income state government
payroll income Tax income cash
taxes taxes Credit taxes transfers
Def 5 Def 6 Def 7 Def 8 Def 9
Program Participation Status of
Family Members
One or more members received:
Cash assistance 76.5 76.9 74.7 74.9 65.6
Public assistance or wefare non-SSI 81.8 82.1 79.8 79.8 77.5
SSI 73.2 73.7 72.0 72.4 56.9
Food stamps 79.6 79.7 75.8 76.1 68.6
Housing assistance 70.8 71.0 66.9 66.7 61.0
Energy assistance 78.7 79.6 76.1 75.9 62.3
Free or reduced-price school lunches 56.4 56.4 51.1 51.2 45.8
Family received both food stamps and
cash assistance 89.8 90.1 87.8 88.2 82.9
Health Insurance Coverage
One or more members covered by:
Employer-provided plan 10.3 10.3 9.0 9.0 5.9
Medicare 48.6 48.8 47.8 48.2 22.7
Medicaid 58.0 58.0 54.6 54.8 46.2
No members covered by:
Employer-provided plan or Medicare or
Medicaid 37.6 37.6 33.1 33.1 30.7
Health insurance 44.2 44.2 39.3 38.9 37.0
Family received:
Medicare and Medicaid 64.4 65.0 63.9 64.9 37.5
Table 3. Percent of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2003
(Black alone)
After taxes
Definition 13
Definition 11 plus
Definition 10 plus other
plus means-tested means-tested
Definition 9 regular-price government Definition 12 government
plus school cash plus noncash
Medicare lunches transfers Medicaid transfers
Def 10 Def 11 Def 12 Def 13 Def 14
BELOW POVERTY LEVEL
Black alone
All families 21.5 21.5 19.9 19.1 16.4
Age of Householder
15 to 24 years 54.0 54.0 52.3 47.8 39.6
25 to 44 years 22.7 22.7 21.4 20.5 17.0
45 to 54 years 11.6 11.6 9.7 9.5 8.7
55 to 64 years 15.0 15.0 13.8 13.8 12.9
65 years and over 18.5 18.5 16.3 16.0 15.1
Type of Family
Married-couple families 7.4 7.4 6.6 6.3 5.9
With related children under 18 7.7 7.7 6.9 6.4 5.8
With related children under 6 6.9 6.9 6.5 5.7 4.8
Male householder, no wife present 23.9 23.9 22.9 22.5 19.9
Female householder, no husband present 35.7 35.6 33.2 31.7 26.6
With related children under 18 40.8 40.7 38.3 36.4 30.5
With related children under 6 53.1 53.0 50.8 47.3 39.5
Type of Residence
Inside metropolitan areas 21.1 21.1 19.6 18.8 16.3
Inside central cities 25.4 25.4 23.6 22.5 19.5
Outside central cities 15.5 15.5 14.5 14.0 12.1
Outside metropolitan areas 24.4 24.3 22.1 21.3 17.0
Table 3. Percent of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2003
(Black alone)
After taxes
Definition 13
Definition 11 plus
Definition 10 plus other
plus means-tested means-tested
Definition 9 regular-price government Definition 12 government
plus school cash plus noncash
Medicare lunches transfers Medicaid transfers
Def 10 Def 11 Def 12 Def 13 Def 14
Region
Northeast 19.9 19.9 18.0 17.6 14.1
Midwest 23.8 23.8 22.3 21.0 18.6
South 21.3 21.3 20.1 19.3 16.8
West 21.2 21.2 18.0 16.9 13.9
Educational Attainment
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 37.7 37.7 34.2 32.9 28.8
High school graduate, no college 24.8 24.7 23.0 22.1 18.6
College: Less than bachelor's degree 16.7 16.7 15.9 14.9 12.7
Bachelor's degree or more 4.1 4.1 3.8 3.8 3.6
Work Experience in 2003
Total, 15 to 64 years 21.9 21.8 20.4 19.5 16.5
Worked at full-time jobs 8.7 8.7 7.9 7.1 5.2
50 to 52 weeks 4.6 4.6 4.2 3.6 2.6
Worked at part-time jobs 44.0 44.0 41.9 40.3 33.3
Did not work 53.7 53.7 50.2 49.5 45.1
Year-Round Full-Time Workers
No workers 54.6 54.6 50.8 49.3 43.0
Householder 15 to 64 years 62.2 62.2 58.2 56.3 48.7
Householder 65 years and over 27.0 27.0 23.8 23.3 22.0
One worker 6.6 6.5 6.0 5.2 3.8
Two workers or more 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6
Table 3. Percent of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2003
(Black alone)
After taxes
Definition 13
Definition 11 plus
Definition 10 plus other
plus means-tested means-tested
Definition 9 regular-price government Definition 12 government
plus school cash plus noncash
Medicare lunches transfers Medicaid transfers
Def 10 Def 11 Def 12 Def 13 Def 14
Program Participation Status of
Family Members
One or more members received:
Cash assistance 63.0 63.0 51.3 48.5 39.3
Public assistance or wefare non-SSI 76.2 76.2 66.2 62.5 49.3
SSI 53.1 53.1 37.3 34.9 28.1
Food stamps 67.3 67.3 61.6 57.9 44.9
Housing assistance 59.9 59.9 56.1 52.8 38.7
Energy assistance 61.1 61.1 56.3 51.7 42.6
Free or reduced-price school lunches 45.3 45.3 41.6 39.8 33.0
Family received both food stamps and
cash assistance 80.6 80.6 68.4 64.0 50.0
Health Insurance Coverage
One or more members covered by:
Employer-provided plan 5.7 5.7 5.4 5.2 4.5
Medicare 20.5 20.5 18.0 17.7 16.2
Medicaid 45.0 45.0 40.6 38.1 31.4
No members covered by:
Employer-provided plan or Medicare or
Medicaid 30.7 30.7 30.3 30.3 28.1
Health insurance 37.0 37.0 36.5 36.5 34.2
Family received:
Medicare and Medicaid 32.3 32.3 25.7 25.0 22.0
Table 3. Percent of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2003
(Black alone)
After taxes
Definition 14
plus
net Money
imputed Definition 14 Income Money
return less after Taxes Income
on equity medical not including after
in own home programs EITC Taxes
Def 15 Def 16 Def 17 Def 18
BELOW POVERTY LEVEL
Black alone
All families 15.6 17.1 23.3 20.9
Age of Householder
15 to 24 years 39.2 44.6 53.6 52.9
25 to 44 years 16.7 17.5 26.3 22.6
45 to 54 years 8.4 9.1 12.7 10.4
55 to 64 years 12.0 12.9 15.2 14.3
65 years and over 11.5 15.1 17.2 17.0
Type of Family
Married-couple families 5.3 6.3 8.3 7.3
With related children under 18 5.5 6.4 9.9 8.0
With related children under 6 4.8 5.7 9.7 7.8
Male householder, no wife present 19.7 20.3 25.8 23.8
Female householder, no husband present 25.6 27.8 38.4 34.4
With related children under 18 29.6 32.0 44.6 39.6
With related children under 6 39.2 42.6 57.3 51.8
Type of Residence
Inside metropolitan areas 15.6 17.0 22.9 20.6
Inside central cities 18.7 20.2 27.3 24.9
Outside central cities 11.7 12.9 17.2 15.1
Outside metropolitan areas 15.6 18.1 26.4 22.8
Table 3. Percent of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2003
(Black alone)
After taxes
Definition 14
plus
net Money
imputed Definition 14 Income Money
return less after Taxes Income
on equity medical not including after
in own home programs EITC Taxes
Def 15 Def 16 Def 17 Def 18
Region
Northeast 13.4 14.8 22.0 19.0
Midwest 18.3 19.4 25.7 23.6
South 15.9 17.6 23.6 21.0
West 12.6 14.4 19.2 18.4
Educational Attainment
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 27.5 29.8 39.8 35.7
High school graduate, no college 17.6 19.6 26.6 23.9
College: Less than bachelor's degree 12.4 13.4 19.2 17.0
Bachelor's degree or more 3.2 3.6 4.2 3.9
Work Experience in 2003
Total, 15 to 64 years 16.1 17.4 24.1 21.3
Worked at full-time jobs 5.0 5.7 11.6 8.9
50 to 52 weeks 2.5 2.9 7.6 5.2
Worked at part-time jobs 32.5 34.2 49.0 42.3
Did not work 44.2 46.8 52.3 51.3
Year-Round Full-Time Workers
No workers 41.2 44.7 54.6 51.8
Householder 15 to 64 years 47.9 50.8 62.8 59.2
Householder 65 years and over 16.6 22.0 24.6 24.5
One worker 3.7 4.3 10.8 7.4
Two workers or more 0.4 0.6 0.7 0.6
Table 3. Percent of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2003
(Black alone)
After taxes
Definition 14
plus
net Money
imputed Definition 14 Income Money
return less after Taxes Income
on equity medical not including after
in own home programs EITC Taxes
Def 15 Def 16 Def 17 Def 18
Program Participation Status of
Family Members
One or more members received:
Cash assistance 38.5 41.8 56.0 52.7
Public assistance or wefare non-SSI 48.6 53.4 71.5 67.8
SSI 27.2 29.6 40.9 38.6
Food stamps 43.6 47.9 69.1 63.5
Housing assistance 38.7 42.1 62.6 57.7
Energy assistance 40.9 44.7 61.6 58.2
Free or reduced-price school lunches 31.7 34.0 50.0 43.8
Family received both food stamps and
cash assistance 49.4 53.7 73.6 70.2
Health Insurance Coverage
One or more members covered by:
Employer-provided plan 4.3 4.6 8.4 6.7
Medicare 13.8 16.8 19.8 18.9
Medicaid 30.6 33.5 46.1 41.8
No members covered by:
Employer-provided plan or Medicare or
Medicaid 27.5 28.1 34.5 30.3
Health insurance 33.6 34.2 41.3 36.5
Family received:
Medicare and Medicaid 20.2 23.3 28.8 27.3
Table 3. Percent of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2003
(Black alone)
Defin 1 Defin 2 Defin 3 Defin 4 Defin 5 Defin 6 Defin 7 Defin 8 Defin 9
BELOW POVERTY LEVEL
Black alone
All families 1986 2705 2691 2626 2716 2717 2527 2532 1955
Age of Householder
15 to 24 years 372 392 392 390 409 409 407 407 391
25 to 44 years 1064 1200 1191 1151 1192 1193 1063 1066 974
45 to 54 years 232 349 347 334 348 346 306 304 231
55 to 64 years 151 271 274 269 281 280 265 265 163
65 years and over 166 494 488 483 487 489 485 489 197
Type of Family
Married-couple families 321 652 639 625 643 645 612 616 314
With related children under 18 200 260 254 241 255 255 225 227 177
With related children under 6 81 98 94 88 96 96 85 85 68
Male householder, no wife present 192 254 254 249 255 256 236 238 187
Female householder, no husband present 1473 1799 1798 1753 1817 1817 1679 1678 1454
With related children under 18 1320 1491 1487 1452 1512 1509 1381 1379 1272
With related children under 6 738 800 801 785 809 807 758 757 725
Type of Residence
Inside metropolitan areas 1703 2268 2257 2210 2286 2288 2127 2129 1673
Inside central cities 1155 1530 1524 1491 1540 1539 1434 1436 1136
Outside central cities 548 738 733 719 747 749 693 693 537
Outside metropolitan areas 283 437 434 416 430 430 400 403 283
Region
Northeast 327 434 435 424 440 440 403 397 316
Midwest 409 553 550 530 545 546 513 513 401
South 1097 1508 1498 1469 1518 1515 1404 1415 1063
West 152 210 208 204 214 216 207 207 175
Table 3. Percent of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2003
(Black alone)
Defin 1 Defin 2 Defin 3 Defin 4 Defin 5 Defin 6 Defin 7 Defin 8 Defin 9
Educational Attainment
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 649 945 941 930 967 968 902 904 667
High school graduate, no college 801 1051 1047 1012 1042 1045 970 973 788
College: Less than bachelor's degree 480 614 608 593 614 612 562 562 439
Bachelor's degree or more 56 96 94 91 93 93 92 92 62
Work Experience in 2003
Total, 15 to 64 years 1819 2211 2204 2144 2229 2228 2042 2043 1759
Worked at full-time jobs 566 679 678 628 686 682 546 549 476
50 to 52 weeks 285 324 325 283 335 332 225 232 210
Worked at part-time jobs 383 421 419 415 433 434 396 392 358
Did not work 870 1111 1106 1100 1111 1113 1100 1102 925
Year-Round Full-Time Workers
No workers 1634 2273 2260 2246 2269 2273 2204 2198 1682
Householder 15 to 64 years 1474 1801 1795 1785 1807 1809 1742 1735 1495
Householder 65 years and over 159 471 465 461 462 465 463 464 188
One worker 336 412 411 361 423 421 303 312 257
Two workers or more 16 20 20 20 24 23 20 21 16
Program Participation Status of
Family Members
One or more members received:
Cash assistance 640 878 874 866 884 889 863 866 758
Public assistance or wefare non-SSI 447 507 508 503 515 517 503 503 488
SSI 256 467 461 457 463 466 455 458 360
Food stamps 1095 1279 1274 1254 1289 1291 1228 1233 1112
Housing assistance 738 849 850 836 856 858 809 806 738
Energy assistance 242 306 306 301 312 315 301 300 247
Free or reduced-price school lunches 1031 1205 1195 1172 1219 1219 1106 1108 991
Family received both food stamps and
cash assistance 539 655 653 648 663 665 648 651 612
Table 3. Percent of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2003
(Black alone)
Defin 1 Defin 2 Defin 3 Defin 4 Defin 5 Defin 6 Defin 7 Defin 8 Defin 9
Health Insurance Coverage
One or more members covered by:
Employer-provided plan 422 626 621 556 580 581 509 510 335
Medicare 344 872 861 855 865 870 852 859 405
Medicaid 1347 1737 1726 1701 1764 1766 1662 1667 1405
No members covered by:
Employer-provided plan or Medicare or
Medicaid 299 321 319 319 333 333 293 292 271
Health insurance 266 281 279 279 290 290 258 255 243
Family received:
Medicare and Medicaid 191 443 436 433 439 444 436 443 256
Table 3. Percent of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2003
(Black alone)
Defin 10 Defin 11 Defin 12 Defin 13 Defin 14 Defin 15 Defin 16 Defin 17 Defin 18
BELOW POVERTY LEVEL
Black alone
All families 1916 1914 1777 1701 1459 1393 1527 2078 1861
Age of Householder
15 to 24 years 391 391 378 346 287 283 323 388 383
25 to 44 years 965 964 909 872 723 710 746 1120 962
45 to 54 years 221 221 184 181 165 160 173 241 198
55 to 64 years 160 160 147 147 137 128 137 162 153
65 years and over 180 180 159 156 147 112 147 167 166
Type of Family
Married-couple families 307 307 274 262 245 219 261 346 304
With related children under 18 174 174 156 145 130 125 144 223 181
With related children under 6 66 66 61 54 45 45 54 92 74
Male householder, no wife present 187 187 179 176 156 154 159 202 186
Female householder, no husband present 1422 1420 1324 1263 1058 1020 1106 1531 1371
With related children under 18 1257 1255 1181 1120 940 912 986 1376 1221
With related children under 6 717 715 686 638 533 530 575 773 699
Type of Residence
Inside metropolitan areas 1642 1642 1529 1463 1269 1218 1324 1782 1606
Inside central cities 1114 1114 1035 986 856 821 883 1196 1089
Outside central cities 528 528 494 477 413 398 441 586 516
Outside metropolitan areas 274 272 248 238 191 175 203 296 255
Region
Northeast 306 306 278 271 217 207 229 340 293
Midwest 391 391 367 346 305 301 318 422 389
South 1047 1045 986 947 824 783 863 1160 1030
West 172 172 146 137 112 102 116 156 149
Table 3. Percent of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2003
(Black alone)
Defin 10 Defin 11 Defin 12 Defin 13 Defin 14 Defin 15 Defin 16 Defin 17 Defin 18
Educational Attainment
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 645 645 586 563 493 470 511 681 611
High school graduate, no college 779 777 721 694 583 553 615 835 751
College: Less than bachelor's degree 433 433 415 389 331 324 349 501 442
Bachelor's degree or more 60 60 55 55 52 46 52 61 57
Work Experience in 2003
Total, 15 to 64 years 1737 1735 1619 1545 1312 1281 1379 1911 1695
Worked at full-time jobs 475 473 432 385 281 272 313 632 487
50 to 52 weeks 208 206 191 164 116 111 130 344 233
Worked at part-time jobs 356 356 339 326 270 263 277 396 342
Did not work 906 906 847 834 761 746 790 883 866
Year-Round Full-Time Workers
No workers 1653 1653 1537 1491 1301 1246 1351 1652 1566
Householder 15 to 64 years 1478 1478 1383 1340 1158 1139 1209 1493 1407
Householder 65 years and over 175 175 154 151 142 107 142 159 158
One worker 250 248 228 198 146 139 163 411 282
Two workers or more 14 14 12 12 12 8 12 15 13
Program Participation Status of
Family Members
One or more members received:
Cash assistance 728 728 592 560 454 445 483 647 609
Public assistance or wefare non-SSI 480 480 417 394 311 306 336 450 427
SSI 335 335 236 221 178 172 187 259 244
Food stamps 1090 1090 999 938 727 707 777 1120 1028
Housing assistance 725 725 678 639 468 468 509 757 698
Energy assistance 242 242 223 205 169 162 177 244 230
Free or reduced-price school lunches 979 979 899 861 713 686 735 1082 947
Family received both food stamps and
cash assistance 595 595 504 472 369 365 396 543 518
Table 3. Percent of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2003
(Black alone)
Defin 10 Defin 11 Defin 12 Defin 13 Defin 14 Defin 15 Defin 16 Defin 17 Defin 18
Health Insurance Coverage
One or more members covered by:
Employer-provided plan 324 322 304 295 253 242 262 472 378
Medicare 366 366 321 316 288 247 299 352 336
Medicaid 1369 1369 1235 1158 955 930 1020 1402 1273
No members covered by:
Employer-provided plan or Medicare or
Medicaid 271 271 268 268 248 243 248 306 268
Health insurance 243 243 240 240 224 221 224 271 240
Family received:
Medicare and Medicaid 220 220 176 171 150 138 159 197 187
Race Footnotes