09/06/00 1
Table 4. Percent of Unrelated Individuals in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected
Characteristics: 1999 (Black)
Before taxes
Definition 3
Money income-- plus
Excluding health
capital Definition 1 Definition 2 insurance
gains less plus supplements to
(current government capital wage or salary
Total measure) transfers gains income
(thous.) Def 1 Def 2 Def 3 Def 4
BELOW POVERTY LEVEL
Black
Total 5619 27.6 38.0 37.8 37.6
Age
15 to 24 years 628 48.8 51.3 50.5 49.1
25 to 44 years 2356 17.1 20.8 20.9 20.8
45 to 54 years 1009 21.2 26.5 26.5 26.5
55 to 64 years 636 33.6 45.4 45.4 45.1
65 years and over 990 41.9 77.2 76.5 76.5
Type of Residence
Inside metropolitan areas 4997 25.9 36.0 35.8 35.6
Inside central cities 3231 27.9 39.1 38.8 38.8
Outside central cities 1766 22.3 30.4 30.3 29.7
Outside metropolitan areas 623 41.2 53.6 54.0 53.5
Region
Northeast 1030 26.9 43.9 43.6 43.1
Midwest 1097 28.0 37.7 37.9 37.9
South 2938 27.8 36.7 36.5 36.4
West 554 27.2 34.0 33.6 32.7
09/06/00 2
Table 4. Percent of Unrelated Individuals in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected
Characteristics: 1999 (Black)
Before taxes
Definition 3
Money income-- plus
Excluding health
capital Definition 1 Definition 2 insurance
gains less plus supplements to
(current government capital wage or salary
Total measure) transfers gains income
(thous.) Def 1 Def 2 Def 3 Def 4
Educational Attainment
Total, 18 years old and over 5588 27.3 37.7 37.5 37.3
18 to 24 years old 597 46.6 49.2 48.4 47.0
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 131 69.8 71.7 71.7 71.7
25 years old and over 4991 25.0 36.3 36.2 36.1
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 1245 49.1 70.7 70.4 70.3
High school graduate, no college 1654 25.2 34.7 34.6 34.5
College: Less than bachelor's degree 1161 15.1 22.4 22.4 22.4
Bachelor's degree or more 930 4.5 10.3 10.3 10.3
Work Experience in 1999
Total, 20 to 64 years 4508 23.2 28.2 28.1 27.8
Worked at full-time jobs 3201 7.6 8.3 8.2 7.9
50 to 52 weeks 2594 2.6 2.6 2.5 2.5
Worked at part-time jobs 407 40.1 49.5 49.5 48.1
Did not work 900 71.0 89.5 89.5 89.5
Program Participation Status
Received:
Cash assistance 509 76.5 94.2 94.2 94.2
AFDC or other non-SSI 60 73.3 81.2 81.2 81.2
SSI 457 76.4 96.1 96.1 96.1
Food stamps 474 70.9 86.5 86.5 86.5
Housing assistance 614 58.3 80.2 80.2 80.2
Energy assistance 200 65.3 87.8 87.8 87.8
09/06/00 3
Table 4. Percent of Unrelated Individuals in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected
Characteristics: 1999 (Black)
Before taxes
Definition 3
Money income-- plus
Excluding health
capital Definition 1 Definition 2 insurance
gains less plus supplements to
(current government capital wage or salary
Total measure) transfers gains income
(thous.) Def 1 Def 2 Def 3 Def 4
Food stamps and cash assistance 204 80.5 92.3 92.3 92.3
Health Insurance Coverage
Covered by:
Employer-provided plan 2691 6.2 10.2 10.2 9.7
Medicare 1227 47.3 82.3 82.0 82.0
Also Medicaid 369 73.9 95.7 96.3 96.3
Medicaid 749 70.0 87.6 87.9 87.4
Not covered by:
Health insurance 1227 41.6 45.3 45.3 45.3
09/06/00 4
Table 4. Percent of Unrelated Individuals in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected
Characteristics: 1999 (Black)
After taxes
Definition 8
Definition 4 Definition 6 plus
less Definition 5 plus Definition 7 nonmeans-
Social less Earned less tested
Security Federal Income state government
payroll income Tax income cash
taxes taxes Credit taxes transfers
Def 5 Def 6 Def 7 Def 8 Def 9
BELOW POVERTY LEVEL
Black
Total 38.4 38.6 38.6 39.3 30.2
Age
15 to 24 years 52.0 52.9 52.9 54.5 52.7
25 to 44 years 21.6 21.8 21.7 22.7 20.0
45 to 54 years 26.9 26.9 26.9 26.9 23.1
55 to 64 years 45.8 45.8 45.8 45.8 35.9
65 years and over 76.9 76.9 76.9 77.3 44.0
Type of Residence
Inside metropolitan areas 36.5 36.7 36.6 37.3 28.5
Inside central cities 39.7 39.9 39.9 40.5 30.9
Outside central cities 30.5 30.8 30.6 31.5 24.2
Outside metropolitan areas 54.0 54.0 54.0 54.9 44.0
Region
Northeast 43.2 43.9 43.7 44.3 29.9
Midwest 38.7 38.9 38.9 40.2 30.8
South 37.6 37.6 37.6 38.2 30.5
West 33.5 33.5 33.5 33.5 28.5
09/06/00 5
Table 4. Percent of Unrelated Individuals in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected
Characteristics: 1999 (Black)
After taxes
Definition 8
Definition 4 Definition 6 plus
less Definition 5 plus Definition 7 nonmeans-
Social less Earned less tested
Security Federal Income state government
payroll income Tax income cash
taxes taxes Credit taxes transfers
Def 5 Def 6 Def 7 Def 8 Def 9
Educational Attainment
Total, 18 years old and over 38.1 38.3 38.3 39.0 29.9
18 to 24 years old 50.0 50.9 50.9 52.7 50.7
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 72.7 72.7 72.7 74.4 74.4
25 years old and over 36.7 36.8 36.8 37.3 27.4
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 70.9 70.9 70.9 71.1 53.0
High school graduate, no college 35.5 35.7 35.6 36.2 27.7
College: Less than bachelor's degree 22.6 22.6 22.6 23.5 16.7
Bachelor's degree or more 10.8 10.8 10.8 11.4 6.0
Work Experience in 1999
Total, 20 to 64 years 28.8 29.0 29.0 29.8 26.0
Worked at full-time jobs 8.8 9.0 8.9 9.8 9.1
50 to 52 weeks 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.8 3.8
Worked at part-time jobs 52.0 52.6 52.6 54.8 46.9
Did not work 89.5 89.5 89.5 89.5 76.3
Program Participation Status
Received:
Cash assistance 94.2 94.2 94.2 94.2 88.5
AFDC or other non-SSI 81.2 81.2 81.2 81.2 80.1
SSI 96.1 96.1 96.1 96.1 89.9
Food stamps 87.0 87.0 87.0 87.0 74.7
Housing assistance 80.6 80.6 80.6 80.6 61.8
Energy assistance 87.8 87.8 87.8 87.8 70.7
09/06/00 6
Table 4. Percent of Unrelated Individuals in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected
Characteristics: 1999 (Black)
After taxes
Definition 8
Definition 4 Definition 6 plus
less Definition 5 plus Definition 7 nonmeans-
Social less Earned less tested
Security Federal Income state government
payroll income Tax income cash
taxes taxes Credit taxes transfers
Def 5 Def 6 Def 7 Def 8 Def 9
Food stamps and cash assistance 92.3 92.3 92.3 92.3 90.5
Health Insurance Coverage
Covered by:
Employer-provided plan 9.9 10.0 10.0 10.1 6.3
Medicare 82.0 82.0 82.0 82.3 50.7
Also Medicaid 96.3 96.3 96.3 96.3 80.4
Medicaid 87.4 87.4 87.4 87.9 77.9
Not covered by:
Health insurance 47.9 48.5 48.3 50.8 46.9
09/06/00 7
Table 4. Percent of Unrelated Individuals in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected
Characteristics: 1999 (Black)
After taxes
Definition 13
Definition 11 plus
Definition 10 plus other
plus means-tested means-tested
Definition 9 regular-price government Definition 12 government
plus school cash plus noncash
Medicare lunches transfers Medicaid transfers
Def 10 Def 11 Def 12 Def 13 Def 14
BELOW POVERTY LEVEL
Black
Total 28.8 28.8 27.6 26.5 24.2
Age
15 to 24 years 52.0 52.0 51.6 51.1 50.1
25 to 44 years 19.5 19.5 18.6 17.6 15.8
45 to 54 years 22.0 22.0 20.9 19.8 17.1
55 to 64 years 34.1 34.1 30.6 28.5 26.1
65 years and over 39.7 39.7 38.5 37.9 33.9
Type of Residence
Inside metropolitan areas 27.1 27.1 26.0 25.0 22.9
Inside central cities 29.2 29.2 27.7 26.5 23.6
Outside central cities 23.2 23.2 22.9 22.3 21.7
Outside metropolitan areas 42.6 42.6 40.4 38.6 34.8
Region
Northeast 28.4 28.4 25.8 23.9 20.2
Midwest 29.3 29.3 28.7 28.4 26.3
South 29.0 29.0 28.1 27.2 25.2
West 27.4 27.4 25.9 23.8 22.6
09/06/00 8
Table 4. Percent of Unrelated Individuals in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected
Characteristics: 1999 (Black)
After taxes
Definition 13
Definition 11 plus
Definition 10 plus other
plus means-tested means-tested
Definition 9 regular-price government Definition 12 government
plus school cash plus noncash
Medicare lunches transfers Medicaid transfers
Def 10 Def 11 Def 12 Def 13 Def 14
Educational Attainment
Total, 18 years old and over 28.4 28.4 27.2 26.2 23.9
18 to 24 years old 50.0 50.0 49.6 49.0 48.0
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 74.4 74.4 72.5 72.5 72.5
25 years old and over 25.9 25.9 24.6 23.4 21.0
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 49.7 49.7 47.2 45.2 39.4
High school graduate, no college 26.1 26.1 25.0 23.8 22.3
College: Less than bachelor's degree 16.1 16.1 15.4 14.5 12.3
Bachelor's degree or more 5.7 5.7 4.8 4.8 4.8
Work Experience in 1999
Total, 20 to 64 years 25.2 25.2 23.9 22.8 20.8
Worked at full-time jobs 9.1 9.1 9.0 8.6 8.5
50 to 52 weeks 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.6 3.6
Worked at part-time jobs 46.9 46.9 45.5 44.6 42.4
Did not work 72.4 72.4 67.4 63.0 55.0
Program Participation Status
Received:
Cash assistance 81.9 81.9 69.4 61.4 46.3
AFDC or other non-SSI 80.1 80.1 73.3 68.3 58.6
SSI 82.5 82.5 68.5 60.3 44.8
Food stamps 71.3 71.3 66.1 60.4 46.2
Housing assistance 56.5 56.5 51.7 45.3 25.5
Energy assistance 68.0 68.0 64.2 64.2 55.6
09/06/00 9
Table 4. Percent of Unrelated Individuals in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected
Characteristics: 1999 (Black)
After taxes
Definition 13
Definition 11 plus
Definition 10 plus other
plus means-tested means-tested
Definition 9 regular-price government Definition 12 government
plus school cash plus noncash
Medicare lunches transfers Medicaid transfers
Def 10 Def 11 Def 12 Def 13 Def 14
Food stamps and cash assistance 86.8 86.8 74.9 65.3 44.5
Health Insurance Coverage
Covered by:
Employer-provided plan 6.1 6.1 6.0 5.8 5.2
Medicare 44.0 44.0 41.6 40.4 34.8
Also Medicaid 70.8 70.8 64.8 60.8 46.6
Medicaid 73.2 73.2 65.2 57.3 44.9
Not covered by:
Health insurance 46.9 46.9 46.9 46.9 46.1
09/06/00 10
Table 4. Percent of Unrelated Individuals in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected
Characteristics: 1999 (Black)
After taxes
Definition 14
plus
net Money
imputed Definition 14 Income Money
return less after Taxes Income
on equity medical not including after
in own home programs EITC Taxes
Def 15 Def 16 Def 17 Def 18
BELOW POVERTY LEVEL
Black
Total 21.5 25.2 29.5 29.4
Age
15 to 24 years 50.1 51.4 53.4 53.4
25 to 44 years 15.6 16.3 19.7 19.5
45 to 54 years 16.4 17.5 22.1 22.1
55 to 64 years 23.1 28.2 34.2 34.2
65 years and over 21.4 35.4 42.1 42.1
Type of Residence
Inside metropolitan areas 20.9 23.7 27.9 27.8
Inside central cities 21.9 24.6 29.8 29.7
Outside central cities 19.0 22.1 24.4 24.4
Outside metropolitan areas 26.1 36.5 42.3 42.3
Region
Northeast 19.3 21.0 29.2 28.9
Midwest 25.1 27.3 30.5 30.5
South 21.0 26.2 29.5 29.5
West 20.7 23.1 27.9 27.9
09/06/00 11
Table 4. Percent of Unrelated Individuals in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected
Characteristics: 1999 (Black)
After taxes
Definition 14
plus
net Money
imputed Definition 14 Income Money
return less after Taxes Income
on equity medical not including after
in own home programs EITC Taxes
Def 15 Def 16 Def 17 Def 18
Educational Attainment
Total, 18 years old and over 21.1 24.8 29.1 29.1
18 to 24 years old 48.0 49.3 51.4 51.4
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 72.5 72.5 72.5 72.5
25 years old and over 17.8 21.9 26.5 26.4
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 31.8 41.4 50.4 50.1
High school graduate, no college 19.0 23.1 27.3 27.3
College: Less than bachelor's degree 11.7 12.8 16.5 16.5
Bachelor's degree or more 4.9 4.8 5.4 5.4
Work Experience in 1999
Total, 20 to 64 years 20.1 21.6 25.4 25.3
Worked at full-time jobs 8.4 8.8 9.8 9.8
50 to 52 weeks 3.5 3.8 4.3 4.3
Worked at part-time jobs 40.8 43.3 47.6 46.6
Did not work 52.5 57.2 71.0 71.0
Program Participation Status
Received:
Cash assistance 39.2 51.8 77.1 76.5
AFDC or other non-SSI 58.6 66.4 73.3 73.3
SSI 36.9 49.8 77.1 76.4
Food stamps 38.6 48.9 70.4 70.4
Housing assistance 25.5 27.0 60.3 59.7
Energy assistance 38.2 55.6 66.3 66.3
09/06/00 12
Table 4. Percent of Unrelated Individuals in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected
Characteristics: 1999 (Black)
After taxes
Definition 14
plus
net Money
imputed Definition 14 Income Money
return less after Taxes Income
on equity medical not including after
in own home programs EITC Taxes
Def 15 Def 16 Def 17 Def 18
Food stamps and cash assistance 36.0 47.7 80.5 80.5
Health Insurance Coverage
Covered by:
Employer-provided plan 4.9 5.5 7.2 7.2
Medicare 24.0 37.5 47.5 47.5
Also Medicaid 33.2 49.8 73.9 73.9
Medicaid 36.9 48.9 70.5 70.0
Not covered by:
Health insurance 45.1 46.1 46.9 46.9
09/06/00 13
Table 4. Percent of Unrelated Individuals in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected
Characteristics: 1999 (Black)
Defin 1 Defin 2 Defin 3 Defin 4 Defin 5 Defin 6 Defin 7 Defin 8 Defin 9
BELOW POVERTY LEVEL
Black
Total 1552 2133 2123 2110 2159 2169 2167 2206 1700
Age
15 to 24 years 307 322 317 309 327 332 332 343 331
25 to 44 years 404 490 492 490 508 513 510 535 472
45 to 54 years 213 267 267 267 272 272 272 272 233
55 to 64 years 213 289 289 287 291 291 291 291 229
65 years and over 415 764 758 758 761 761 761 765 435
Type of Residence
Inside metropolitan areas 1296 1799 1787 1777 1823 1833 1831 1864 1426
Inside central cities 902 1262 1252 1252 1284 1290 1290 1308 999
Outside central cities 395 537 535 525 539 543 541 556 427
Outside metropolitan areas 256 333 336 333 336 336 336 342 274
Region
Northeast 277 452 450 444 445 453 450 456 308
Midwest 307 414 416 416 424 427 427 441 338
South 818 1078 1072 1070 1104 1104 1104 1123 896
West 151 188 186 181 186 186 186 186 158
Educational Attainment
Total, 18 years old and over 1524 2104 2095 2082 2130 2140 2138 2177 1671
18 to 24 years old 278 294 289 280 298 304 304 314 303
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 92 94 94 94 96 96 96 98 98
25 years old and over 1246 1810 1806 1801 1832 1837 1834 1863 1368
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 611 880 877 875 883 883 883 885 660
High school graduate, no college 417 574 573 571 587 591 589 598 458
College: Less than bachelor's degree 175 260 260 260 262 262 262 273 194
09/06/00 14
Table 4. Percent of Unrelated Individuals in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected
Characteristics: 1999 (Black)
Defin 1 Defin 2 Defin 3 Defin 4 Defin 5 Defin 6 Defin 7 Defin 8 Defin 9
Bachelor's degree or more 42 96 96 96 100 100 100 106 56
Work Experience in 1999
Total, 20 to 64 years 1046 1271 1268 1255 1298 1308 1306 1342 1170
Worked at full-time jobs 243 264 261 254 281 289 286 313 293
50 to 52 weeks 68 68 65 64 80 80 80 98 98
Worked at part-time jobs 163 201 201 196 212 214 214 223 191
Did not work 640 805 805 805 805 805 805 805 686
Program Participation Status
Received:
Cash assistance 389 479 479 479 479 479 479 479 450
AFDC or other non-SSI 44 49 49 49 49 49 49 49 48
SSI 349 439 439 439 439 439 439 439 410
Food stamps 336 410 410 410 412 412 412 412 354
Housing assistance 358 493 493 493 495 495 495 495 380
Energy assistance 131 176 176 176 176 176 176 176 142
Food stamps and cash assistance 165 189 189 189 189 189 189 189 185
Health Insurance Coverage
Covered by:
Employer-provided plan 167 275 275 262 266 269 269 272 170
Medicare 581 1009 1007 1007 1007 1007 1007 1010 622
Also Medicaid 272 353 355 355 355 355 355 355 296
Medicaid 524 656 658 655 655 655 655 658 584
Not covered by:
Health insurance 511 556 556 556 588 596 593 624 576
09/06/00 15
Table 4. Percent of Unrelated Individuals in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected
Characteristics: 1999 (Black)
Defin 10 Defin 11 Defin 12 Defin 13 Defin 14 Defin 15 Defin 16 Defin 17 Defin 18
BELOW POVERTY LEVEL
Black
Total 1618 1618 1550 1490 1362 1206 1413 1657 1653
Age
15 to 24 years 327 327 324 321 315 315 323 335 335
25 to 44 years 459 459 439 414 372 367 385 464 460
45 to 54 years 222 222 211 199 173 166 176 223 223
55 to 64 years 217 217 195 181 166 147 179 218 218
65 years and over 392 392 381 375 336 212 350 417 417
Type of Residence
Inside metropolitan areas 1352 1352 1299 1250 1145 1043 1186 1394 1390
Inside central cities 943 943 894 857 762 708 795 963 959
Outside central cities 409 409 405 393 383 335 391 431 431
Outside metropolitan areas 265 265 251 240 217 162 227 263 263
Region
Northeast 293 293 266 247 208 199 216 301 298
Midwest 321 321 315 312 289 276 299 334 334
South 852 852 825 800 739 616 770 867 867
West 152 152 143 132 125 115 128 154 154
Educational Attainment
Total, 18 years old and over 1589 1589 1521 1462 1333 1177 1385 1629 1625
18 to 24 years old 298 298 296 292 286 286 294 307 307
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 98 98 95 95 95 95 95 95 95
25 years old and over 1291 1291 1226 1170 1047 891 1091 1322 1318
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 619 619 587 563 490 396 515 628 624
High school graduate, no college 431 431 414 393 369 314 382 452 452
College: Less than bachelor's degree 187 187 179 168 143 136 148 192 192
09/06/00 16
Table 4. Percent of Unrelated Individuals in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected
Characteristics: 1999 (Black)
Defin 10 Defin 11 Defin 12 Defin 13 Defin 14 Defin 15 Defin 16 Defin 17 Defin 18
Bachelor's degree or more 53 53 45 45 45 45 45 50 50
Work Experience in 1999
Total, 20 to 64 years 1135 1135 1079 1026 939 907 972 1146 1142
Worked at full-time jobs 293 293 287 277 271 269 281 313 313
50 to 52 weeks 98 98 98 94 94 92 98 111 111
Worked at part-time jobs 191 191 185 181 173 166 176 194 190
Did not work 652 652 607 567 496 472 515 640 640
Program Participation Status
Received:
Cash assistance 417 417 353 312 236 200 263 392 389
AFDC or other non-SSI 48 48 44 41 35 35 40 44 44
SSI 377 377 313 275 205 169 228 352 349
Food stamps 338 338 313 286 219 183 232 334 334
Housing assistance 347 347 318 279 157 157 166 371 367
Energy assistance 136 136 128 128 111 76 111 133 133
Food stamps and cash assistance 178 178 153 133 91 74 97 165 165
Health Insurance Coverage
Covered by:
Employer-provided plan 164 164 162 155 141 131 148 194 194
Medicare 540 540 510 495 426 295 460 583 583
Also Medicaid 261 261 239 224 172 122 184 272 272
Medicaid 548 548 489 429 336 276 367 528 524
Not covered by:
Health insurance 576 576 576 576 565 553 565 576 576