09/06/00 1
Table 3. Percent of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 1999 (All Races)
Before taxes
Definition 3
Money income-- plus
Excluding health
capital Definition 1 Definition 2 insurance
gains less plus supplements to
(current government capital wage or salary
Total measure) transfers gains income
(thous.) Def 1 Def 2 Def 3 Def 4
BELOW POVERTY LEVEL
All Races
All families 72031 9.3 17.1 17.0 16.4
Age of Householder
15 to 24 years 3353 29.2 31.7 31.6 30.5
25 to 44 years 31718 11.0 12.8 12.7 12.0
45 to 54 years 15804 5.7 8.5 8.4 8.1
55 to 64 years 9569 7.4 14.0 13.9 13.6
65 years and over 11588 5.2 39.1 38.6 38.2
Type of Family
Married-couple families 55315 4.8 12.7 12.5 12.1
With related children under 18 26373 6.3 7.9 7.8 7.2
With related children under 6 12215 7.6 8.6 8.5 7.9
Male householder, no wife present 4028 11.7 17.4 17.3 16.8
Female householder, no husband present 12687 27.8 36.3 36.2 35.1
With related children under 18 8736 35.7 41.3 41.1 39.8
With related children under 6 3560 47.7 53.2 53.2 51.5
Type of Residence
Inside metropolitan areas 57423 8.8 16.0 15.8 15.3
Inside central cities 19522 13.8 21.4 21.3 20.6
Outside central cities 37901 6.2 13.1 13.0 12.6
Outside metropolitan areas 14607 11.3 21.6 21.4 20.9
09/06/00 2
Table 3. Percent of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 1999 (All Races)
Before taxes
Definition 3
Money income-- plus
Excluding health
capital Definition 1 Definition 2 insurance
gains less plus supplements to
(current government capital wage or salary
Total measure) transfers gains income
(thous.) Def 1 Def 2 Def 3 Def 4
Region
Northeast 13439 8.8 17.1 16.9 16.4
Midwest 16850 7.6 14.5 14.3 13.7
South 26192 10.3 19.1 19.0 18.5
West 15550 9.7 16.7 16.5 15.9
Educational Attainment
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 11309 23.7 42.8 42.4 41.6
High school graduate, no college 22974 10.3 18.7 18.5 17.8
College: Less than bachelor's degree 19221 6.4 11.9 11.8 11.3
Bachelor's degree or more 18527 2.2 4.8 4.8 4.7
Work Experience in 1999
Total, 15 to 64 years 60443 10.0 12.9 12.8 12.3
Worked at full-time jobs 46183 5.5 6.4 6.4 5.8
50 to 52 weeks 39673 3.1 3.7 3.6 3.2
Worked at part-time jobs 5703 19.0 22.9 22.6 21.8
Did not work 8557 28.6 41.3 41.2 40.7
Year-Round Full-Time Workers
No workers 19530 25.3 51.4 51.0 50.4
Householder 15 to 64 years 10990 39.8 52.3 52.1 51.3
Householder 65 years and over 8540 6.5 50.2 49.6 49.3
One worker 31258 5.1 6.9 6.8 6.0
Two workers or more 21243 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.6
09/06/00 3
Table 3. Percent of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 1999 (All Races)
Before taxes
Definition 3
Money income-- plus
Excluding health
capital Definition 1 Definition 2 insurance
gains less plus supplements to
(current government capital wage or salary
Total measure) transfers gains income
(thous.) Def 1 Def 2 Def 3 Def 4
Program Participation Status of
Family Members
One or more members received:
Cash assistance 4270 43.5 66.5 66.2 65.1
AFDC or other non-SSI 2088 63.9 77.7 77.3 76.0
SSI 2528 28.6 60.0 59.8 58.9
Food stamps 4204 63.0 75.8 75.5 73.9
Housing assistance 2504 59.6 72.2 71.8 68.8
Energy assistance 1303 57.5 74.2 73.9 72.0
Free or reduced-price school lunches 7151 41.1 48.8 48.6 46.4
Family received both food stamps and
cash assistance 2192 66.7 84.6 84.2 82.8
Health Insurance Coverage
One or more members covered by:
Employer-provided plan 52961 3.3 6.6 6.6 5.8
Medicare 15471 7.2 37.9 37.4 37.0
Medicaid 10052 35.7 50.5 50.3 49.4
No members covered by:
Employer-provided plan or Medicare or
Medicaid 7460 20.3 23.1 22.8 22.8
Health insurance 4549 26.8 29.1 28.7 28.7
Family received:
Medicare and Medicaid 2641 20.5 56.5 56.3 55.8
09/06/00 4
Table 3. Percent of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 1999 (All Races)
After taxes
Definition 8
Definition 4 Definition 6 plus
less Definition 5 plus Definition 7 nonmeans-
Social less Earned less tested
Security Federal Income state government
payroll income Tax income cash
taxes taxes Credit taxes transfers
Def 5 Def 6 Def 7 Def 8 Def 9
BELOW POVERTY LEVEL
All Races
All families 17.3 17.4 15.9 16.0 9.0
Age of Householder
15 to 24 years 32.2 32.4 27.4 27.7 25.9
25 to 44 years 13.1 13.1 10.9 10.9 9.9
45 to 54 years 8.8 8.8 7.9 8.0 6.1
55 to 64 years 14.3 14.3 13.9 14.0 8.1
65 years and over 38.7 38.9 38.8 39.0 6.6
Type of Family
Married-couple families 12.8 12.8 12.0 12.0 4.7
With related children under 18 8.2 8.2 6.5 6.5 5.3
With related children under 6 9.0 9.0 7.1 7.1 6.4
Male householder, no wife present 18.3 18.6 16.2 16.2 11.9
Female householder, no husband present 36.7 36.9 32.9 33.2 27.0
With related children under 18 41.5 41.7 36.3 36.5 33.4
With related children under 6 53.2 53.4 47.2 47.5 43.9
Type of Residence
Inside metropolitan areas 16.1 16.2 14.7 14.8 8.6
Inside central cities 21.6 21.6 19.8 19.9 13.8
Outside central cities 13.3 13.4 12.1 12.2 5.9
Outside metropolitan areas 22.0 22.1 20.3 20.5 10.9
09/06/00 5
Table 3. Percent of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 1999 (All Races)
After taxes
Definition 8
Definition 4 Definition 6 plus
less Definition 5 plus Definition 7 nonmeans-
Social less Earned less tested
Security Federal Income state government
payroll income Tax income cash
taxes taxes Credit taxes transfers
Def 5 Def 6 Def 7 Def 8 Def 9
Region
Northeast 17.2 17.3 16.1 16.3 9.0
Midwest 14.4 14.4 13.4 13.5 7.4
South 19.4 19.5 17.8 17.9 9.8
West 17.1 17.1 15.2 15.2 9.5
Educational Attainment
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 43.2 43.4 40.6 40.8 24.4
High school graduate, no college 18.9 19.0 17.2 17.3 9.6
College: Less than bachelor's degree 12.1 12.2 10.8 10.9 6.1
Bachelor's degree or more 4.9 4.9 4.5 4.5 2.0
Work Experience in 1999
Total, 15 to 64 years 13.2 13.3 11.5 11.6 9.5
Worked at full-time jobs 6.7 6.7 5.1 5.1 4.5
50 to 52 weeks 3.9 3.9 2.6 2.6 2.3
Worked at part-time jobs 22.9 23.1 20.0 20.0 17.0
Did not work 41.8 41.9 40.6 40.8 31.4
Year-Round Full-Time Workers
No workers 51.4 51.5 49.4 49.6 26.1
Householder 15 to 64 years 52.7 52.8 49.3 49.5 40.0
Householder 65 years and over 49.6 49.7 49.6 49.8 8.1
One worker 7.3 7.4 5.3 5.4 4.1
Two workers or more 0.8 0.8 0.6 0.6 0.6
09/06/00 6
Table 3. Percent of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 1999 (All Races)
After taxes
Definition 8
Definition 4 Definition 6 plus
less Definition 5 plus Definition 7 nonmeans-
Social less Earned less tested
Security Federal Income state government
payroll income Tax income cash
taxes taxes Credit taxes transfers
Def 5 Def 6 Def 7 Def 8 Def 9
Program Participation Status of
Family Members
One or more members received:
Cash assistance 67.3 67.6 64.2 64.5 55.3
AFDC or other non-SSI 78.4 78.6 73.7 74.3 70.9
SSI 60.7 61.1 59.0 59.2 46.0
Food stamps 76.7 76.8 71.0 71.4 64.9
Housing assistance 71.8 72.1 66.1 66.8 59.9
Energy assistance 74.8 75.1 69.2 69.2 59.8
Free or reduced-price school lunches 49.8 49.9 42.4 42.7 38.3
Family received both food stamps and
cash assistance 85.2 85.3 81.3 81.7 76.5
Health Insurance Coverage
One or more members covered by:
Employer-provided plan 6.3 6.3 5.4 5.4 2.5
Medicare 37.6 37.7 37.4 37.7 8.8
Medicaid 51.9 52.1 47.2 47.5 38.5
No members covered by:
Employer-provided plan or Medicare or
Medicaid 25.1 25.1 21.8 22.0 19.2
Health insurance 31.2 31.3 26.9 27.2 24.7
Family received:
Medicare and Medicaid 57.0 57.4 56.4 56.6 30.5
09/06/00 7
Table 3. Percent of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 1999 (All Races)
After taxes
Definition 13
Definition 11 plus
Definition 10 plus other
plus means-tested means-tested
Definition 9 regular-price government Definition 12 government
plus school cash plus noncash
Medicare lunches transfers Medicaid transfers
Def 10 Def 11 Def 12 Def 13 Def 14
BELOW POVERTY LEVEL
All Races
All families 8.7 8.7 7.9 7.5 6.6
Age of Householder
15 to 24 years 25.8 25.8 24.6 23.0 20.3
25 to 44 years 9.8 9.8 9.1 8.6 7.3
45 to 54 years 5.9 5.9 5.1 4.8 4.3
55 to 64 years 7.7 7.7 6.8 6.4 5.9
65 years and over 5.6 5.6 4.7 4.6 4.5
Type of Family
Married-couple families 4.4 4.4 4.0 3.7 3.4
With related children under 18 5.2 5.2 4.9 4.4 3.8
With related children under 6 6.3 6.3 6.0 5.3 4.5
Male householder, no wife present 11.4 11.4 10.4 10.2 9.1
Female householder, no husband present 26.5 26.5 24.0 23.0 19.5
With related children under 18 33.1 33.1 30.4 29.1 24.3
With related children under 6 43.8 43.8 40.9 38.8 32.8
Type of Residence
Inside metropolitan areas 8.2 8.2 7.4 7.0 6.1
Inside central cities 13.3 13.3 11.9 11.3 9.7
Outside central cities 5.6 5.6 5.1 4.8 4.3
Outside metropolitan areas 10.6 10.6 9.9 9.4 8.4
09/06/00 8
Table 3. Percent of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 1999 (All Races)
After taxes
Definition 13
Definition 11 plus
Definition 10 plus other
plus means-tested means-tested
Definition 9 regular-price government Definition 12 government
plus school cash plus noncash
Medicare lunches transfers Medicaid transfers
Def 10 Def 11 Def 12 Def 13 Def 14
Region
Northeast 8.6 8.6 7.5 6.9 5.9
Midwest 7.1 7.1 6.6 6.3 5.5
South 9.5 9.5 8.9 8.5 7.5
West 9.2 9.2 8.0 7.6 6.7
Educational Attainment
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 23.4 23.4 20.9 19.7 17.4
High school graduate, no college 9.3 9.3 8.6 8.1 7.0
College: Less than bachelor's degree 5.9 5.9 5.4 5.1 4.5
Bachelor's degree or more 2.0 2.0 1.8 1.7 1.6
Work Experience in 1999
Total, 15 to 64 years 9.3 9.3 8.5 8.0 7.0
Worked at full-time jobs 4.5 4.5 4.2 3.9 3.3
50 to 52 weeks 2.3 2.3 2.2 2.0 1.7
Worked at part-time jobs 17.0 17.0 16.0 15.3 12.6
Did not work 30.3 30.3 27.1 25.6 23.4
Year-Round Full-Time Workers
No workers 25.1 25.1 22.8 21.7 19.2
Householder 15 to 64 years 39.3 39.3 36.0 34.2 29.8
Householder 65 years and over 6.9 6.9 5.7 5.7 5.5
One worker 4.0 4.0 3.6 3.3 2.9
Two workers or more 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.5
09/06/00 9
Table 3. Percent of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 1999 (All Races)
After taxes
Definition 13
Definition 11 plus
Definition 10 plus other
plus means-tested means-tested
Definition 9 regular-price government Definition 12 government
plus school cash plus noncash
Medicare lunches transfers Medicaid transfers
Def 10 Def 11 Def 12 Def 13 Def 14
Program Participation Status of
Family Members
One or more members received:
Cash assistance 52.2 52.2 39.0 34.8 27.2
AFDC or other non-SSI 69.3 69.3 57.3 50.8 39.0
SSI 41.6 41.6 25.9 23.4 17.7
Food stamps 62.9 62.9 55.5 50.5 38.3
Housing assistance 58.1 58.1 51.7 46.9 30.8
Energy assistance 57.6 57.6 51.6 47.5 37.5
Free or reduced-price school lunches 37.6 37.6 34.7 32.1 25.9
Family received both food stamps and
cash assistance 73.6 73.6 59.6 53.0 39.5
Health Insurance Coverage
One or more members covered by:
Employer-provided plan 2.4 2.4 2.3 2.2 1.9
Medicare 7.4 7.4 6.1 6.0 5.6
Medicaid 36.9 36.9 31.2 28.2 22.9
No members covered by:
Employer-provided plan or Medicare or
Medicaid 19.2 19.1 19.0 19.0 18.1
Health insurance 24.7 24.7 24.6 24.6 23.0
Family received:
Medicare and Medicaid 24.5 24.5 17.0 16.2 14.1
09/06/00 10
Table 3. Percent of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 1999 (All Races)
After taxes
Definition 14
plus
net Money
imputed Definition 14 Income Money
return less after Taxes Income
on equity medical not including after
in own home programs EITC Taxes
Def 15 Def 16 Def 17 Def 18
BELOW POVERTY LEVEL
All Races
All families 6.0 7.0 10.1 8.5
Age of Householder
15 to 24 years 19.9 20.9 31.0 25.5
25 to 44 years 7.1 7.6 12.2 9.9
45 to 54 years 4.0 4.5 6.3 5.4
55 to 64 years 4.7 6.5 7.8 7.4
65 years and over 3.1 4.8 5.3 5.2
Type of Family
Married-couple families 3.0 3.8 5.4 4.6
With related children under 18 3.6 4.2 7.3 5.6
With related children under 6 4.4 5.1 8.8 6.9
Male householder, no wife present 8.5 9.3 13.1 10.7
Female householder, no husband present 18.5 20.1 29.6 25.1
With related children under 18 23.5 25.1 37.8 31.8
With related children under 6 32.3 34.0 50.3 42.5
Type of Residence
Inside metropolitan areas 5.7 6.5 9.5 8.0
Inside central cities 9.2 10.2 14.7 12.6
Outside central cities 3.9 4.6 6.9 5.6
Outside metropolitan areas 7.4 8.7 12.2 10.5
09/06/00 11
Table 3. Percent of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 1999 (All Races)
After taxes
Definition 14
plus
net Money
imputed Definition 14 Income Money
return less after Taxes Income
on equity medical not including after
in own home programs EITC Taxes
Def 15 Def 16 Def 17 Def 18
Region
Northeast 5.6 6.4 9.5 8.3
Midwest 5.1 5.8 8.4 7.1
South 6.8 7.8 11.0 9.4
West 6.1 7.3 10.8 8.8
Educational Attainment
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 15.9 18.4 25.4 22.3
High school graduate, no college 6.4 7.4 11.3 9.2
College: Less than bachelor's degree 4.1 4.7 7.2 5.8
Bachelor's degree or more 1.5 1.7 2.3 2.0
Work Experience in 1999
Total, 15 to 64 years 6.6 7.4 11.0 9.2
Worked at full-time jobs 3.2 3.4 6.5 4.7
50 to 52 weeks 1.6 1.8 4.0 2.6
Worked at part-time jobs 11.6 13.1 19.9 16.8
Did not work 21.8 24.9 29.3 28.2
Year-Round Full-Time Workers
No workers 17.5 20.2 26.0 23.8
Householder 15 to 64 years 28.0 31.3 41.1 37.4
Householder 65 years and over 3.9 5.9 6.5 6.4
One worker 2.7 3.1 6.5 4.3
Two workers or more 0.5 0.5 0.8 0.6
09/06/00 12
Table 3. Percent of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 1999 (All Races)
After taxes
Definition 14
plus
net Money
imputed Definition 14 Income Money
return less after Taxes Income
on equity medical not including after
in own home programs EITC Taxes
Def 15 Def 16 Def 17 Def 18
Program Participation Status of
Family Members
One or more members received:
Cash assistance 25.9 30.2 44.8 40.6
AFDC or other non-SSI 38.3 42.5 65.6 59.0
SSI 15.9 20.7 29.5 27.3
Food stamps 36.3 41.1 64.6 57.8
Housing assistance 30.8 33.3 62.2 55.6
Energy assistance 35.7 40.2 59.0 54.0
Free or reduced-price school lunches 24.9 27.4 44.6 36.9
Family received both food stamps and
cash assistance 38.4 43.2 67.6 61.5
Health Insurance Coverage
One or more members covered by:
Employer-provided plan 1.7 2.1 3.9 2.9
Medicare 4.3 6.1 7.3 6.9
Medicaid 21.8 25.1 37.8 32.6
No members covered by:
Employer-provided plan or Medicare or
Medicaid 16.8 18.1 22.3 19.0
Health insurance 21.9 23.0 28.9 24.6
Family received:
Medicare and Medicaid 11.6 15.7 21.0 19.5
09/06/00 13
Table 3. Percent of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 1999 (All Races)
Defin 1 Defin 2 Defin 3 Defin 4 Defin 5 Defin 6 Defin 7 Defin 8 Defin 9
BELOW POVERTY LEVEL
All Races
All families 6676 12321 12217 11841 12470 12516 11442 11517 6503
Age of Householder
15 to 24 years 980 1063 1059 1023 1081 1087 919 930 868
25 to 44 years 3492 4056 4026 3808 4151 4161 3460 3473 3133
45 to 54 years 896 1340 1332 1288 1387 1390 1243 1259 964
55 to 64 years 704 1337 1328 1298 1364 1372 1327 1340 777
65 years and over 604 4525 4471 4423 4487 4505 4493 4515 761
Type of Family
Married-couple families 2673 7016 6923 6709 7074 7084 6613 6655 2601
With related children under 18 1662 2083 2053 1907 2169 2173 1716 1727 1402
With related children under 6 933 1055 1044 971 1095 1100 862 870 782
Male householder, no wife present 472 699 696 677 736 748 652 653 478
Female householder, no husband present 3531 4606 4597 4455 4661 4683 4177 4210 3424
With related children under 18 3116 3604 3594 3476 3626 3639 3171 3190 2917
With related children under 6 1697 1892 1893 1833 1894 1902 1680 1692 1565
Type of Residence
Inside metropolitan areas 5032 9164 9097 8794 9257 9292 8469 8516 4912
Inside central cities 2686 4185 4155 4018 4208 4220 3872 3890 2690
Outside central cities 2346 4979 4942 4776 5049 5071 4597 4626 2222
Outside metropolitan areas 1644 3158 3119 3047 3213 3224 2973 3001 1591
Region
Northeast 1182 2292 2277 2207 2316 2323 2164 2192 1214
Midwest 1287 2438 2402 2302 2419 2426 2255 2280 1243
South 2705 5000 4972 4855 5081 5101 4660 4679 2562
West 1502 2591 2566 2477 2654 2665 2362 2367 1483
Educational Attainment
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 2678 4844 4799 4700 4889 4911 4590 4619 2757
09/06/00 14
Table 3. Percent of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 1999 (All Races)
Defin 1 Defin 2 Defin 3 Defin 4 Defin 5 Defin 6 Defin 7 Defin 8 Defin 9
High school graduate, no college 2360 4296 4258 4096 4351 4363 3949 3979 2198
College: Less than bachelor's degree 1230 2286 2272 2180 2329 2337 2073 2088 1172
Bachelor's degree or more 407 895 888 866 901 905 829 832 375
Work Experience in 1999
Total, 15 to 64 years 6072 7796 7745 7417 7983 8011 6948 7002 5742
Worked at full-time jobs 2539 2963 2934 2692 3096 3109 2338 2370 2088
50 to 52 weeks 1247 1459 1445 1258 1555 1564 1020 1040 928
Worked at part-time jobs 1086 1303 1289 1241 1309 1315 1139 1141 971
Did not work 2448 3530 3522 3484 3579 3587 3472 3491 2683
Year-Round Full-Time Workers
No workers 4933 10036 9967 9846 10035 10050 9653 9687 5090
Householder 15 to 64 years 4377 5749 5730 5635 5795 5806 5416 5435 4401
Householder 65 years and over 556 4287 4236 4211 4240 4244 4236 4252 689
One worker 1610 2143 2113 1871 2271 2301 1661 1697 1293
Two workers or more 133 142 137 124 163 165 128 134 120
Program Participation Status of
Family Members
One or more members received:
Cash assistance 1859 2841 2828 2778 2874 2888 2739 2754 2360
AFDC or other non-SSI 1334 1622 1614 1586 1637 1641 1539 1551 1479
SSI 723 1516 1511 1489 1534 1544 1492 1496 1164
Food stamps 2650 3185 3175 3107 3224 3227 2984 3003 2729
Housing assistance 1491 1807 1797 1723 1798 1805 1656 1671 1499
Energy assistance 749 967 964 938 974 979 902 902 780
Free or reduced-price school lunches 2937 3493 3473 3318 3560 3565 3034 3051 2737
Family received both food stamps and
cash assistance 1462 1855 1846 1816 1868 1870 1782 1792 1676
Health Insurance Coverage
One or more members covered by:
Employer-provided plan 1763 3504 3469 3093 3336 3360 2837 2860 1335
Medicare 1114 5858 5793 5719 5818 5839 5792 5826 1366
Medicaid 3588 5080 5057 4963 5212 5237 4747 4775 3866
09/06/00 15
Table 3. Percent of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 1999 (All Races)
Defin 1 Defin 2 Defin 3 Defin 4 Defin 5 Defin 6 Defin 7 Defin 8 Defin 9
No members covered by:
Employer-provided plan or Medicare or
Medicaid 1516 1720 1704 1704 1871 1875 1623 1639 1429
Health insurance 1221 1322 1304 1304 1421 1426 1222 1235 1121
Family received:
Medicare and Medicaid 541 1493 1486 1473 1505 1516 1489 1496 806
09/06/00 16
Table 3. Percent of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 1999 (All Races)
Defin 10 Defin 11 Defin 12 Defin 13 Defin 14 Defin 15 Defin 16 Defin 17 Defin 18
BELOW POVERTY LEVEL
All Races
All families 6283 6279 5699 5400 4746 4345 5011 7269 6135
Age of Householder
15 to 24 years 864 864 823 772 680 668 699 1039 854
25 to 44 years 3103 3100 2885 2721 2301 2236 2414 3864 3125
45 to 54 years 925 925 799 758 678 627 716 1002 855
55 to 64 years 740 740 652 613 567 453 626 748 704
65 years and over 651 651 539 537 520 362 556 616 597
Type of Family
Married-couple families 2455 2451 2230 2071 1901 1653 2080 2991 2521
With related children under 18 1371 1368 1285 1147 1007 956 1119 1922 1475
With related children under 6 770 770 728 643 556 543 623 1075 837
Male householder, no wife present 460 460 419 409 368 341 376 527 431
Female householder, no husband present 3368 3368 3050 2920 2478 2350 2556 3751 3182
With related children under 18 2894 2894 2658 2538 2120 2056 2189 3305 2778
With related children under 6 1558 1558 1456 1380 1166 1151 1212 1790 1514
Type of Residence
Inside metropolitan areas 4733 4733 4254 4025 3523 3264 3741 5481 4598
Inside central cities 2598 2598 2328 2206 1893 1804 1989 2870 2462
Outside central cities 2135 2135 1926 1820 1630 1461 1753 2611 2135
Outside metropolitan areas 1550 1547 1445 1375 1223 1081 1269 1788 1537
Region
Northeast 1162 1162 1010 924 798 753 862 1275 1110
Midwest 1204 1202 1120 1060 927 860 975 1424 1201
South 2479 2479 2320 2229 1972 1778 2045 2890 2462
West 1438 1437 1249 1187 1049 954 1129 1680 1362
Educational Attainment
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 2641 2641 2360 2233 1968 1801 2086 2869 2528
09/06/00 17
Table 3. Percent of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 1999 (All Races)
Defin 10 Defin 11 Defin 12 Defin 13 Defin 14 Defin 15 Defin 16 Defin 17 Defin 18
High school graduate, no college 2147 2145 1981 1869 1614 1469 1704 2585 2122
College: Less than bachelor's degree 1131 1130 1034 981 871 795 910 1383 1115
Bachelor's degree or more 363 363 325 317 294 280 311 431 371
Work Experience in 1999
Total, 15 to 64 years 5632 5629 5160 4863 4226 3983 4455 6653 5537
Worked at full-time jobs 2070 2067 1928 1797 1507 1457 1579 3006 2162
50 to 52 weeks 914 910 854 798 680 654 713 1595 1023
Worked at part-time jobs 970 970 911 872 716 662 747 1137 961
Did not work 2592 2592 2321 2194 2003 1864 2128 2510 2414
Year-Round Full-Time Workers
No workers 4910 4910 4446 4247 3745 3409 3940 5072 4654
Householder 15 to 64 years 4320 4320 3956 3759 3272 3080 3435 4519 4111
Householder 65 years and over 590 590 490 488 473 329 504 553 543
One worker 1255 1252 1137 1044 894 831 958 2022 1346
Two workers or more 118 117 116 108 107 106 113 175 135
Program Participation Status of
Family Members
One or more members received:
Cash assistance 2230 2230 1667 1484 1162 1108 1290 1913 1732
AFDC or other non-SSI 1446 1446 1196 1060 814 800 888 1370 1232
SSI 1052 1052 655 591 448 401 522 745 690
Food stamps 2643 2643 2334 2123 1609 1524 1729 2717 2430
Housing assistance 1454 1454 1294 1175 771 771 834 1556 1391
Energy assistance 750 750 672 619 488 465 524 769 703
Free or reduced-price school lunches 2690 2690 2482 2298 1854 1781 1962 3190 2636
Family received both food stamps and
cash assistance 1612 1612 1306 1162 866 842 946 1483 1349
Health Insurance Coverage
One or more members covered by:
Employer-provided plan 1287 1287 1208 1156 1030 921 1091 2066 1553
Medicare 1146 1146 946 925 860 661 949 1133 1069
Medicaid 3708 3705 3137 2838 2304 2187 2521 3801 3274
09/06/00 18
Table 3. Percent of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 1999 (All Races)
Defin 10 Defin 11 Defin 12 Defin 13 Defin 14 Defin 15 Defin 16 Defin 17 Defin 18
No members covered by:
Employer-provided plan or Medicare or
Medicaid 1429 1428 1417 1417 1347 1254 1347 1660 1418
Health insurance 1121 1121 1117 1117 1048 994 1048 1313 1117
Family received:
Medicare and Medicaid 648 648 448 428 373 306 416 554 514