<09/17/99 197
Table 4. Percent of Unrelated Individuals in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 1998-X1 (White)
Before taxes
Definition 3
Money income-- plus
Excluding health
capital Definition 1 Definition 2 insurance
gains less plus supplements to
(current government capital wage or salary
Total measure) transfers gains income
(thous.) Def 1 Def 2 Def 3 Def 4
BELOW POVERTY LEVEL
White
Total 35563 16.0 32.1 31.9 31.6
Age
15 to 24 years 4578 32.6 34.3 34.1 33.4
25 to 44 years 13006 11.5 13.4 13.2 13.0
45 to 54 years 5003 14.2 18.5 18.3 18.0
55 to 64 years 3591 19.6 31.7 31.7 31.3
65 years and over 9385 13.8 64.4 64.0 64.0
Type of Residence
Inside metropolitan areas 28971 15.0 30.0 29.8 29.5
Inside central cities 12628 17.4 30.7 30.6 30.3
Outside central cities 16343 13.1 29.4 29.1 29.0
Outside metropolitan areas 6592 20.6 41.4 41.1 40.8
Region
Northeast 7104 16.3 34.9 34.7 34.4
Midwest 8360 14.0 31.1 31.0 30.7
South 11219 17.2 33.8 33.4 33.3
West 8881 16.1 28.6 28.5 28.2
109/17/99 198
Table 4. Percent of Unrelated Individuals in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 1998-X1 (White)
Before taxes
Definition 3
Money income-- plus
Excluding health
capital Definition 1 Definition 2 insurance
gains less plus supplements to
(current government capital wage or salary
Total measure) transfers gains income
(thous.) Def 1 Def 2 Def 3 Def 4
Educational Attainment
Total, 18 years old and over 35394 15.6 31.8 31.6 31.3
18 to 24 years old 4410 30.2 32.0 31.8 31.1
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 626 53.1 53.4 53.4 52.2
25 years old and over 30985 13.6 31.8 31.6 31.4
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 5515 28.4 65.8 65.5 65.2
High school graduate, no college 9631 14.9 37.0 36.6 36.3
College: Less than bachelor's degree 7622 9.5 22.6 22.5 22.4
Bachelor's degree or more 8217 5.9 11.4 11.3 11.1
Work Experience in 1998-X1
Total, 20 to 64 years 25312 15.3 19.1 18.9 18.6
Worked at full-time jobs 19353 5.3 6.0 5.9 5.6
50 to 52 weeks 16207 2.6 2.7 2.6 2.4
Worked at part-time jobs 2506 27.5 34.2 33.9 33.0
Did not work 3453 62.5 81.3 81.2 81.2
Program Participation Status
Received:
Cash assistance 1441 67.5 94.1 94.1 94.1
AFDC or other non-SSI 224 67.4 90.6 90.6 90.6
SSI 1277 68.3 95.0 95.0 95.0
Food stamps 1398 67.7 88.3 88.2 88.1
Housing assistance 1573 41.6 81.8 81.5 81.4
Energy assistance 796 49.3 89.5 89.1 89.1
Food stamps and cash assistance 698 79.1 97.9 97.9 97.9
109/17/99 199
Table 4. Percent of Unrelated Individuals in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 1998-X1 (White)
Before taxes
Definition 3
Money income-- plus
Excluding health
capital Definition 1 Definition 2 insurance
gains less plus supplements to
(current government capital wage or salary
Total measure) transfers gains income
(thous.) Def 1 Def 2 Def 3 Def 4
Health Insurance Coverage
Covered by:
Employer-provided plan 17914 4.1 10.2 10.1 9.6
Medicare 10171 16.3 66.7 66.4 66.4
Also Medicaid 1525 43.4 86.4 86.4 86.4
Medicaid 2676 51.4 82.3 82.1 82.1
Not covered by:
Health insurance 6387 33.0 34.8 34.4 34.4
109/17/99 200
Table 4. Percent of Unrelated Individuals in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 1998-X1 (White)
After taxes
Definition 8
Definition 4 Definition 6 plus
less Definition 5 plus Definition 7 nonmeans-
Social less Earned less tested
Security Federal Income state government
payroll income Tax income cash
taxes taxes Credit taxes transfers
Def 5 Def 6 Def 7 Def 8 Def 9
BELOW POVERTY LEVEL
White
Total 32.3 32.5 32.5 32.7 17.3
Age
15 to 24 years 35.9 36.5 36.5 37.1 34.7
25 to 44 years 13.6 13.7 13.7 13.8 12.5
45 to 54 years 18.5 18.7 18.7 18.9 15.6
55 to 64 years 31.7 32.0 32.0 32.3 21.0
65 years and over 64.1 64.1 64.1 64.5 15.1
Type of Residence
Inside metropolitan areas 30.2 30.3 30.3 30.5 16.3
Inside central cities 30.9 31.2 31.2 31.3 18.7
Outside central cities 29.6 29.7 29.6 30.0 14.4
Outside metropolitan areas 41.7 42.0 42.0 42.3 21.8
Region
Northeast 34.9 35.0 35.0 35.3 17.6
Midwest 31.2 31.4 31.4 31.7 14.8
South 34.0 34.3 34.2 34.4 18.3
West 29.2 29.3 29.3 29.5 18.2
109/17/99 201
Table 4. Percent of Unrelated Individuals in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 1998-X1 (White)
After taxes
Definition 8
Definition 4 Definition 6 plus
less Definition 5 plus Definition 7 nonmeans-
Social less Earned less tested
Security Federal Income state government
payroll income Tax income cash
taxes taxes Credit taxes transfers
Def 5 Def 6 Def 7 Def 8 Def 9
Educational Attainment
Total, 18 years old and over 32.0 32.2 32.2 32.4 17.0
18 to 24 years old 33.7 34.3 34.3 34.8 32.4
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 56.6 58.9 58.9 60.0 59.1
25 years old and over 31.8 31.9 31.9 32.1 14.7
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 65.9 66.0 66.0 66.3 30.7
High school graduate, no college 36.8 37.0 36.9 37.1 16.2
College: Less than bachelor's degree 22.7 22.8 22.7 23.0 10.5
Bachelor's degree or more 11.5 11.6 11.6 11.7 6.3
Work Experience in 1998-X1
Total, 20 to 64 years 19.4 19.6 19.6 19.8 16.5
Worked at full-time jobs 6.2 6.4 6.4 6.5 5.9
50 to 52 weeks 2.9 2.9 2.9 3.0 2.9
Worked at part-time jobs 36.1 36.6 36.5 37.0 30.4
Did not work 81.2 81.4 81.4 81.5 66.1
Program Participation Status
Received:
Cash assistance 94.6 94.6 94.6 94.8 85.9
AFDC or other non-SSI 93.0 93.0 93.0 93.0 84.8
SSI 95.1 95.1 95.1 95.3 86.4
Food stamps 88.4 88.4 88.4 88.7 74.6
Housing assistance 81.9 82.0 82.0 82.0 47.8
Energy assistance 89.1 89.1 89.1 89.1 55.4
Food stamps and cash assistance 98.0 98.0 98.0 98.4 92.9
109/17/99 202
Table 4. Percent of Unrelated Individuals in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 1998-X1 (White)
After taxes
Definition 8
Definition 4 Definition 6 plus
less Definition 5 plus Definition 7 nonmeans-
Social less Earned less tested
Security Federal Income state government
payroll income Tax income cash
taxes taxes Credit taxes transfers
Def 5 Def 6 Def 7 Def 8 Def 9
Health Insurance Coverage
Covered by:
Employer-provided plan 9.8 9.9 9.9 10.0 4.0
Medicare 66.5 66.6 66.6 66.9 18.0
Also Medicaid 86.8 86.9 86.9 87.0 53.0
Medicaid 82.4 82.6 82.6 83.0 61.4
Not covered by:
Health insurance 36.7 37.3 37.2 37.6 35.5
109/17/99 203
Table 4. Percent of Unrelated Individuals in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 1998-X1 (White)
After taxes
Definition 13
Definition 11 plus
Definition 10 plus other
plus means-tested means-tested
Definition 9 regular-price government Definition 12 government
plus school cash plus noncash
Medicare lunches transfers Medicaid transfers
Def 10 Def 11 Def 12 Def 13 Def 14
BELOW POVERTY LEVEL
White
Total 16.7 16.7 15.7 15.3 14.3
Age
15 to 24 years 34.7 34.7 34.6 33.9 33.4
25 to 44 years 12.2 12.2 11.6 11.3 10.8
45 to 54 years 15.2 15.2 13.8 13.2 12.1
55 to 64 years 20.7 20.7 19.4 18.6 15.9
65 years and over 13.4 13.4 11.9 11.7 10.5
Type of Residence
Inside metropolitan areas 15.7 15.7 14.7 14.3 13.5
Inside central cities 18.0 18.0 16.8 16.3 15.1
Outside central cities 13.9 13.9 13.1 12.8 12.2
Outside metropolitan areas 21.1 21.1 20.1 19.8 18.1
Region
Northeast 16.6 16.6 15.2 14.5 13.0
Midwest 14.3 14.3 13.6 13.5 12.2
South 17.8 17.8 17.1 16.8 15.9
West 17.6 17.6 16.3 15.8 15.4
109/17/99 204
Table 4. Percent of Unrelated Individuals in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 1998-X1 (White)
After taxes
Definition 13
Definition 11 plus
Definition 10 plus other
plus means-tested means-tested
Definition 9 regular-price government Definition 12 government
plus school cash plus noncash
Medicare lunches transfers Medicaid transfers
Def 10 Def 11 Def 12 Def 13 Def 14
Educational Attainment
Total, 18 years old and over 16.3 16.3 15.4 15.0 14.0
18 to 24 years old 32.4 32.4 32.3 31.8 31.3
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 59.1 59.1 58.4 57.3 55.9
25 years old and over 14.0 14.0 12.9 12.6 11.5
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 29.1 29.1 26.6 25.7 22.1
High school graduate, no college 15.3 15.3 14.2 13.8 12.9
College: Less than bachelor's degree 9.9 9.9 9.0 8.7 8.3
Bachelor's degree or more 6.3 6.3 6.0 5.9 5.7
Work Experience in 1998-X1
Total, 20 to 64 years 16.3 16.3 15.4 15.0 14.1
Worked at full-time jobs 5.8 5.8 5.7 5.6 5.6
50 to 52 weeks 2.9 2.9 2.8 2.8 2.8
Worked at part-time jobs 29.8 29.8 28.6 27.9 26.9
Did not work 64.9 64.9 60.7 58.0 52.7
Program Participation Status
Received:
Cash assistance 80.4 80.4 58.4 50.9 37.1
AFDC or other non-SSI 83.2 83.2 64.8 59.6 45.4
SSI 80.4 80.4 58.0 50.2 35.6
Food stamps 70.5 70.5 60.5 56.1 40.7
Housing assistance 39.8 39.8 32.1 28.2 11.1
Energy assistance 51.8 51.8 45.6 43.3 33.0
Food stamps and cash assistance 88.1 88.1 68.0 60.7 39.0
109/17/99 205
Table 4. Percent of Unrelated Individuals in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 1998-X1 (White)
After taxes
Definition 13
Definition 11 plus
Definition 10 plus other
plus means-tested means-tested
Definition 9 regular-price government Definition 12 government
plus school cash plus noncash
Medicare lunches transfers Medicaid transfers
Def 10 Def 11 Def 12 Def 13 Def 14
Health Insurance Coverage
Covered by:
Employer-provided plan 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.8 3.7
Medicare 15.8 15.8 13.8 13.6 11.6
Also Medicaid 45.3 45.3 33.1 31.5 23.8
Medicaid 57.0 57.0 45.5 40.2 32.0
Not covered by:
Health insurance 35.5 35.5 35.3 35.3 34.9
109/17/99 206
Table 4. Percent of Unrelated Individuals in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 1998-X1 (White)
After taxes
Definition 14
plus
net Money
imputed Definition 14 Income Money
return less after Taxes Income
on equity medical not including after
in own home programs EITC Taxes
Def 15 Def 16 Def 17 Def 18
BELOW POVERTY LEVEL
White
Total 12.9 14.8 16.8 16.7
Age
15 to 24 years 33.3 34.2 35.2 35.2
25 to 44 years 10.6 11.2 12.2 12.1
45 to 54 years 11.0 12.9 14.9 14.7
55 to 64 years 13.2 16.1 20.3 20.0
65 years and over 6.8 10.9 13.8 13.8
Type of Residence
Inside metropolitan areas 12.3 13.9 15.7 15.6
Inside central cities 14.4 15.6 18.1 18.0
Outside central cities 10.6 12.7 13.9 13.7
Outside metropolitan areas 15.3 18.6 21.5 21.4
Region
Northeast 12.0 13.6 16.9 16.8
Midwest 10.7 12.6 14.8 14.7
South 13.8 16.2 17.9 17.8
West 14.5 16.1 17.1 17.0
109/17/99 207
Table 4. Percent of Unrelated Individuals in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 1998-X1 (White)
After taxes
Definition 14
plus
net Money
imputed Definition 14 Income Money
return less after Taxes Income
on equity medical not including after
in own home programs EITC Taxes
Def 15 Def 16 Def 17 Def 18
Educational Attainment
Total, 18 years old and over 12.5 14.5 16.4 16.3
18 to 24 years old 31.2 32.0 33.0 33.0
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 55.9 58.2 60.2 60.2
25 years old and over 9.8 12.0 14.0 13.9
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 18.2 23.2 29.0 29.0
High school graduate, no college 11.1 13.3 15.4 15.3
College: Less than bachelor's degree 7.1 8.7 9.8 9.7
Bachelor's degree or more 5.3 5.8 6.3 6.2
Work Experience in 1998-X1
Total, 20 to 64 years 13.4 14.6 16.2 16.1
Worked at full-time jobs 5.4 5.6 6.2 6.0
50 to 52 weeks 2.8 2.8 3.1 3.0
Worked at part-time jobs 25.4 27.6 30.2 29.8
Did not work 49.4 55.5 62.5 62.5
Program Participation Status
Received:
Cash assistance 30.2 43.7 67.6 67.4
AFDC or other non-SSI 40.0 51.5 67.4 67.4
SSI 28.1 42.0 68.4 68.2
Food stamps 35.1 42.0 67.5 67.5
Housing assistance 11.1 11.5 41.9 41.8
Energy assistance 24.1 34.0 49.2 49.2
Food stamps and cash assistance 31.2 41.2 78.8 78.8
109/17/99 208
Table 4. Percent of Unrelated Individuals in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 1998-X1 (White)
After taxes
Definition 14
plus
net Money
imputed Definition 14 Income Money
return less after Taxes Income
on equity medical not including after
in own home programs EITC Taxes
Def 15 Def 16 Def 17 Def 18
Health Insurance Coverage
Covered by:
Employer-provided plan 3.3 3.8 4.4 4.4
Medicare 7.9 12.4 16.3 16.3
Also Medicaid 16.6 26.5 43.8 43.8
Medicaid 26.5 36.7 51.9 51.7
Not covered by:
Health insurance 33.9 34.9 35.6 35.3
109/17/99 209
Table 4. Percent of Unrelated Individuals in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 1998-X1 (White)
Defin 1 Defin 2 Defin 3 Defin 4 Defin 5 Defin 6 Defin 7 Defin 8 Defin 9
BELOW POVERTY LEVEL
White
Total 5693 11412 11338 11250 11492 11559 11553 11641 6157
Age
15 to 24 years 1491 1571 1560 1531 1645 1670 1670 1698 1587
25 to 44 years 1497 1739 1716 1688 1765 1785 1780 1789 1619
45 to 54 years 709 923 915 901 925 936 936 946 782
55 to 64 years 703 1138 1137 1123 1139 1150 1150 1158 753
65 years and over 1293 6041 6010 6007 6018 6018 6018 6050 1415
Type of Residence
Inside metropolitan areas 4336 8682 8629 8558 8745 8792 8786 8850 4721
Inside central cities 2195 3882 3866 3823 3905 3941 3941 3955 2362
Outside central cities 2142 4800 4763 4735 4840 4851 4845 4895 2359
Outside metropolitan areas 1357 2730 2708 2693 2747 2767 2767 2791 1436
Region
Northeast 1158 2482 2463 2445 2477 2484 2484 2507 1253
Midwest 1171 2604 2593 2563 2605 2626 2626 2651 1241
South 1933 3788 3752 3735 3819 3843 3840 3863 2048
West 1431 2538 2530 2508 2591 2606 2603 2619 1615
Educational Attainment
Total, 18 years old and over 5535 11252 11179 11091 11333 11400 11394 11479 6000
18 to 24 years old 1333 1410 1400 1371 1486 1510 1510 1536 1430
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 333 335 335 327 354 369 369 375 370
25 years old and over 4202 9841 9778 9720 9847 9889 9883 9943 4570
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 1566 3626 3611 3598 3633 3640 3640 3658 1693
High school graduate, no college 1432 3561 3529 3501 3544 3559 3556 3571 1562
College: Less than bachelor's degree 720 1721 1713 1705 1728 1734 1732 1756 799
Bachelor's degree or more 483 933 926 916 942 955 955 959 515
109/17/99 210
Table 4. Percent of Unrelated Individuals in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 1998-X1 (White)
Defin 1 Defin 2 Defin 3 Defin 4 Defin 5 Defin 6 Defin 7 Defin 8 Defin 9
Work Experience in 1998-X1
Total, 20 to 64 years 3873 4828 4787 4707 4915 4972 4966 5009 4178
Worked at full-time jobs 1026 1165 1134 1075 1205 1245 1241 1267 1132
50 to 52 weeks 421 437 424 397 466 477 477 491 474
Worked at part-time jobs 688 856 849 828 905 916 914 928 762
Did not work 2159 2808 2804 2804 2804 2811 2811 2814 2284
Program Participation Status
Received:
Cash assistance 972 1356 1356 1356 1362 1362 1362 1365 1238
AFDC or other non-SSI 151 203 203 203 209 209 209 209 190
SSI 872 1214 1214 1214 1214 1214 1214 1217 1104
Food stamps 947 1234 1233 1232 1236 1236 1236 1240 1042
Housing assistance 654 1287 1282 1279 1288 1290 1290 1290 752
Energy assistance 393 713 710 710 710 710 710 710 441
Food stamps and cash assistance 552 684 684 684 684 684 684 687 648
Health Insurance Coverage
Covered by:
Employer-provided plan 729 1834 1807 1720 1763 1777 1777 1799 717
Medicare 1656 6782 6752 6749 6764 6770 6770 6805 1830
Also Medicaid 661 1318 1318 1318 1324 1325 1325 1327 809
Medicaid 1376 2202 2197 2196 2205 2210 2210 2222 1644
Not covered by:
Health insurance 2107 2220 2197 2197 2342 2381 2376 2402 2269
109/17/99 211
Table 4. Percent of Unrelated Individuals in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 1998-X1 (White)
Defin 10 Defin 11 Defin 12 Defin 13 Defin 14 Defin 15 Defin 16 Defin 17 Defin 18
BELOW POVERTY LEVEL
White
Total 5931 5931 5592 5449 5100 4573 5270 5964 5930
Age
15 to 24 years 1587 1587 1582 1550 1531 1524 1566 1613 1613
25 to 44 years 1585 1585 1505 1467 1410 1385 1459 1585 1569
45 to 54 years 762 762 690 661 607 549 646 747 737
55 to 64 years 744 744 696 668 571 474 579 727 719
65 years and over 1254 1254 1119 1101 982 642 1020 1292 1292
Type of Residence
Inside metropolitan areas 4537 4537 4267 4146 3909 3562 4041 4549 4519
Inside central cities 2269 2269 2124 2057 1913 1823 1968 2282 2278
Outside central cities 2268 2268 2143 2089 1996 1738 2073 2268 2241
Outside metropolitan areas 1394 1394 1325 1302 1191 1011 1229 1415 1411
Region
Northeast 1181 1181 1082 1027 926 851 969 1203 1194
Midwest 1195 1195 1140 1125 1019 893 1051 1237 1227
South 1995 1995 1920 1890 1784 1545 1822 2005 1998
West 1559 1559 1451 1406 1371 1284 1427 1520 1511
Educational Attainment
Total, 18 years old and over 5774 5774 5435 5298 4950 4425 5116 5808 5773
18 to 24 years old 1430 1430 1426 1400 1381 1376 1412 1456 1456
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 370 370 366 359 350 350 364 377 377
25 years old and over 4345 4345 4010 3898 3569 3050 3704 4352 4317
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 1602 1602 1469 1418 1220 1003 1279 1602 1598
High school graduate, no college 1473 1473 1366 1332 1242 1066 1282 1487 1472
College: Less than bachelor's degree 754 754 684 666 636 543 664 747 739
Bachelor's degree or more 515 515 490 482 470 438 479 516 509
109/17/99 212
Table 4. Percent of Unrelated Individuals in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 1998-X1 (White)
Defin 10 Defin 11 Defin 12 Defin 13 Defin 14 Defin 15 Defin 16 Defin 17 Defin 18
Work Experience in 1998-X1
Total, 20 to 64 years 4115 4115 3910 3794 3570 3386 3692 4105 4071
Worked at full-time jobs 1126 1126 1098 1091 1075 1045 1083 1191 1166
50 to 52 weeks 469 469 459 457 448 447 453 507 494
Worked at part-time jobs 747 747 718 700 675 636 692 757 748
Did not work 2241 2241 2095 2003 1820 1705 1917 2157 2157
Program Participation Status
Received:
Cash assistance 1158 1158 841 733 535 435 630 974 971
AFDC or other non-SSI 187 187 145 134 102 90 116 151 151
SSI 1027 1027 741 641 455 359 536 874 870
Food stamps 986 986 846 785 569 491 587 944 944
Housing assistance 626 626 505 444 174 174 180 658 657
Energy assistance 413 413 363 345 263 192 271 392 392
Food stamps and cash assistance 615 615 474 423 272 218 288 550 550
Health Insurance Coverage
Covered by:
Employer-provided plan 700 700 691 688 670 584 675 790 786
Medicare 1605 1605 1405 1381 1178 805 1263 1658 1658
Also Medicaid 691 691 505 480 364 253 404 668 668
Medicaid 1526 1526 1218 1075 856 708 981 1389 1383
Not covered by:
Health insurance 2269 2269 2257 2257 2227 2165 2227 2277 2257
/PRE>
Source: U.S. Census Bureau
Contact: Housing and Household Economic Statistics Information Staff at (301)763-3242
Last revised: July 14, 2004
URL: http://pubdb3.census.gov/macro/031999/rdcall/4X_002.htm