07/27/99 361
Table 2. Percent of Persons in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 1998 (Asian or Pacific Islander)
Before taxes
Definition 3
Money income-- plus
Excluding health
capital Definition 1 Definition 2 insurance
gains less plus supplements to
(current government capital wage or salary
Total measure) transfers gains income
(thous.) Def 1 Def 2 Def 3 Def 4
BELOW POVERTY LEVEL
Asian or Pacific Islander
Total 10873 12.5 16.2 16.0 15.3
Age
Under 18 years 3137 18.0 20.8 20.5 19.4
Related children 3099 17.5 20.3 20.1 18.9
Under 6 years 1129 17.7 19.2 19.0 17.8
18 to 24 years 1142 16.9 19.0 18.8 18.7
25 to 44 years 3769 9.2 11.0 10.9 10.1
45 to 64 years 2041 7.8 10.9 10.6 10.2
65 years and over 785 12.4 33.4 32.2 31.9
65 to 74 years 511 12.1 30.4 28.8 28.4
75 years and over 274 13.0 39.1 38.7 38.7
Family Relationship
In families 9576 11.4 15.0 14.7 13.9
Married-couple families 7888 8.1 11.4 11.2 10.3
With related children under 18 5669 9.2 11.8 11.6 10.4
Female hhlder, no husband present 1123 33.2 39.4 39.0 38.6
With related children under 18 819 42.1 47.8 47.2 46.7
Unrelated individuals 1266 20.3 25.1 24.7 24.6
Living alone 648 14.6 23.0 22.1 22.0
65 years and over 111 23.0 61.3 56.4 56.4
107/27/99 362
Table 2. Percent of Persons in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 1998 (Asian or Pacific Islander)
Before taxes
Definition 3
Money income-- plus
Excluding health
capital Definition 1 Definition 2 insurance
gains less plus supplements to
(current government capital wage or salary
Total measure) transfers gains income
(thous.) Def 1 Def 2 Def 3 Def 4
Type of Residence
Inside metropolitan areas 10481 12.4 16.0 15.8 15.1
Inside central cities 4849 16.5 21.2 21.0 20.5
Outside central cities 5632 8.8 11.6 11.3 10.4
Outside metropolitan areas 392 16.0 21.8 21.7 20.0
Region
Northeast 1921 15.5 19.2 18.7 18.6
Midwest 1039 10.8 13.2 12.4 12.0
South 2138 13.5 14.4 14.4 12.7
West 5775 11.5 16.5 16.3 15.7
Educational Attainment
Total, 18 years and over 7736 10.3 14.4 14.2 13.6
18 to 24 years old 1142 16.9 19.0 18.8 18.7
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 161 26.0 29.6 29.6 29.6
25 years old and over 6594 9.1 13.6 13.3 12.7
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 1018 18.9 29.5 29.3 28.2
High school graduate, no college 1478 10.5 16.9 16.3 15.2
College: Less than bachelor's degree 1326 9.8 12.6 12.4 12.1
Bachelor's degree or more 2772 4.5 6.6 6.3 6.0
Work Experience in 1998
Total, 20 to 64 years 6642 9.6 11.7 11.6 11.0
Worked at full-time jobs 4397 4.0 4.7 4.7 4.1
50 to 52 weeks 3664 2.6 3.1 3.1 2.5
Worked at part-time jobs 824 10.7 16.8 16.6 15.8
Did not work 1421 26.0 30.5 30.2 29.5
107/27/99 363
Table 2. Percent of Persons in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 1998 (Asian or Pacific Islander)
Before taxes
Definition 3
Money income-- plus
Excluding health
capital Definition 1 Definition 2 insurance
gains less plus supplements to
(current government capital wage or salary
Total measure) transfers gains income
(thous.) Def 1 Def 2 Def 3 Def 4
Program Participation Status of
Household Members
One or more members received:
Cash assistance 1039 36.2 53.7 52.9 52.9
AFDC or other non-SSI 439 63.8 76.3 74.4 74.4
SSI 715 26.7 44.6 44.6 44.6
Food stamps 757 65.3 77.6 77.6 77.4
Housing assistance 402 54.6 75.9 73.8 73.8
Energy assistance 90 66.1 89.8 89.8 87.9
Free or reduced-price sch. lunch 1338 45.9 57.7 57.1 54.1
Household received both food stamps
and cash assistance 534 64.1 80.9 80.9 80.9
Health Insurance Coverage
Covered by:
Plan related to employment of self
or relative 6511 4.0 4.8 4.7 3.8
Medicare 819 12.2 38.7 37.6 37.6
Also Medicaid 239 22.8 57.8 57.8 57.8
Medicaid 1198 46.9 60.1 59.4 58.2
Not covered 2280 19.2 23.2 23.0 22.9
107/27/99 364
Table 2. Percent of Persons in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 1998 (Asian or Pacific Islander)
After taxes
Definition 8
Definition 4 Definition 6 plus
less Definition 5 plus Definition 7 nonmeans-
Social less Earned less tested
Security Federal Income state government
payroll income Tax income cash
taxes taxes Credit taxes transfers
Def 5 Def 6 Def 7 Def 8 Def 9
BELOW POVERTY LEVEL
Asian or Pacific Islander
Total 16.4 16.5 15.8 15.8 13.1
Age
Under 18 years 20.8 20.8 19.4 19.5 17.4
Related children 20.4 20.4 18.9 19.0 16.9
Under 6 years 19.0 19.0 17.4 17.5 16.2
18 to 24 years 20.2 20.4 19.7 19.8 17.2
25 to 44 years 11.3 11.4 10.6 10.7 9.5
45 to 64 years 10.9 11.0 10.9 10.9 9.2
65 years and over 32.2 32.5 32.5 32.5 17.6
65 to 74 years 28.8 29.3 29.3 29.3 14.8
75 years and over 38.7 38.7 38.7 38.7 22.8
Family Relationship
In families 15.1 15.2 14.4 14.4 11.7
Married-couple families 11.3 11.3 10.6 10.6 8.0
With related children under 18 11.7 11.7 10.7 10.8 8.8
Female hhlder, no husband present 39.3 40.0 38.6 38.6 35.3
With related children under 18 47.6 47.6 45.7 45.7 41.1
Unrelated individuals 25.4 25.6 25.5 25.6 22.5
Living alone 22.1 22.5 22.4 22.5 17.2
65 years and over 56.4 58.7 58.7 58.7 35.2
107/27/99 365
Table 2. Percent of Persons in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 1998 (Asian or Pacific Islander)
After taxes
Definition 8
Definition 4 Definition 6 plus
less Definition 5 plus Definition 7 nonmeans-
Social less Earned less tested
Security Federal Income state government
payroll income Tax income cash
taxes taxes Credit taxes transfers
Def 5 Def 6 Def 7 Def 8 Def 9
Type of Residence
Inside metropolitan areas 16.2 16.3 15.6 15.6 13.0
Inside central cities 22.1 22.3 21.6 21.6 18.1
Outside central cities 11.2 11.2 10.5 10.5 8.6
Outside metropolitan areas 21.2 21.2 19.0 20.2 16.2
Region
Northeast 19.3 19.3 18.8 18.8 16.3
Midwest 12.0 12.0 11.0 11.0 9.8
South 14.6 14.7 13.7 13.7 13.1
West 16.9 17.1 16.4 16.5 12.6
Educational Attainment
Total, 18 years and over 14.6 14.7 14.3 14.3 11.4
18 to 24 years old 20.2 20.4 19.7 19.8 17.2
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 31.0 31.0 30.8 30.8 27.4
25 years old and over 13.6 13.8 13.3 13.4 10.3
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 30.3 30.6 30.3 30.3 23.9
High school graduate, no college 16.6 16.8 15.7 15.7 10.7
College: Less than bachelor's degree 12.5 12.5 12.1 12.2 10.6
Bachelor's degree or more 6.5 6.6 6.4 6.4 5.1
Work Experience in 1998
Total, 20 to 64 years 12.1 12.2 11.7 11.8 10.3
Worked at full-time jobs 4.7 4.7 4.3 4.3 4.0
50 to 52 weeks 3.1 3.1 2.7 2.7 2.5
Worked at part-time jobs 19.1 19.4 18.6 18.6 12.9
Did not work 31.0 31.4 30.7 30.7 28.2
107/27/99 366
Table 2. Percent of Persons in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 1998 (Asian or Pacific Islander)
After taxes
Definition 8
Definition 4 Definition 6 plus
less Definition 5 plus Definition 7 nonmeans-
Social less Earned less tested
Security Federal Income state government
payroll income Tax income cash
taxes taxes Credit taxes transfers
Def 5 Def 6 Def 7 Def 8 Def 9
Program Participation Status of
Household Members
One or more members received:
Cash assistance 54.4 54.4 53.6 53.6 47.5
AFDC or other non-SSI 76.0 76.0 74.4 74.4 67.1
SSI 45.8 45.8 45.6 45.6 41.0
Food stamps 78.3 78.3 76.8 76.8 68.3
Housing assistance 73.8 73.8 72.9 72.9 59.7
Energy assistance 87.9 87.9 87.9 87.9 70.4
Free or reduced-price sch. lunch 57.4 57.4 54.8 54.8 48.4
Household received both food stamps
and cash assistance 82.2 82.2 80.7 80.7 69.3
Health Insurance Coverage
Covered by:
Plan related to employment of self
or relative 4.2 4.3 3.6 3.7 3.1
Medicare 37.9 38.2 38.2 38.2 18.9
Also Medicaid 57.8 57.8 57.8 57.8 39.9
Medicaid 60.6 60.6 57.9 57.9 51.3
Not covered 25.8 25.9 25.5 25.5 21.9
107/27/99 367
Table 2. Percent of Persons in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 1998 (Asian or Pacific Islander)
After taxes
Definition 13
Definition 11 plus
Definition 10 plus other
plus means-tested means-tested
Definition 9 regular-price government Definition 12 government
plus school cash plus noncash
Medicare lunches transfers Medicaid transfers
Def 10 Def 11 Def 12 Def 13 Def 14
BELOW POVERTY LEVEL
Asian or Pacific Islander
Total 12.4 12.4 11.7 11.4 10.5
Age
Under 18 years 16.6 16.6 16.2 15.9 13.9
Related children 16.1 16.1 15.7 15.3 13.3
Under 6 years 15.6 15.6 15.6 15.4 14.2
18 to 24 years 17.2 17.2 17.0 16.9 16.5
25 to 44 years 9.1 9.1 8.6 8.4 8.1
45 to 64 years 8.7 8.7 8.1 7.5 7.0
65 years and over 14.5 14.5 9.8 9.8 9.1
65 to 74 years 11.8 11.8 9.7 9.7 8.7
75 years and over 19.6 19.6 9.9 9.9 9.8
Family Relationship
In families 11.1 11.1 10.4 10.1 9.1
Married-couple families 7.3 7.3 6.8 6.6 6.2
With related children under 18 8.0 8.0 7.6 7.3 6.8
Female hhlder, no husband present 35.3 35.3 32.5 31.9 26.4
With related children under 18 41.1 41.1 40.1 39.3 31.8
Unrelated individuals 21.9 21.9 20.5 20.4 20.0
Living alone 16.4 16.4 14.1 14.1 13.4
65 years and over 31.9 31.9 19.9 19.9 16.9
107/27/99 368
Table 2. Percent of Persons in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 1998 (Asian or Pacific Islander)
After taxes
Definition 13
Definition 11 plus
Definition 10 plus other
plus means-tested means-tested
Definition 9 regular-price government Definition 12 government
plus school cash plus noncash
Medicare lunches transfers Medicaid transfers
Def 10 Def 11 Def 12 Def 13 Def 14
Type of Residence
Inside metropolitan areas 12.3 12.3 11.5 11.3 10.4
Inside central cities 16.8 16.8 15.6 15.1 14.3
Outside central cities 8.4 8.4 8.0 7.9 7.1
Outside metropolitan areas 16.2 16.2 16.0 15.1 12.1
Region
Northeast 15.4 15.4 14.4 14.2 14.0
Midwest 9.6 9.6 9.4 9.4 5.5
South 13.0 13.0 12.6 11.7 11.4
West 11.8 11.8 10.8 10.7 9.9
Educational Attainment
Total, 18 years and over 10.8 10.8 9.8 9.6 9.1
18 to 24 years old 17.2 17.2 17.0 16.9 16.5
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 27.4 27.4 27.4 27.4 25.6
25 years old and over 9.6 9.6 8.6 8.3 7.9
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 22.3 22.3 18.4 16.8 15.3
High school graduate, no college 9.7 9.7 9.0 8.9 8.7
College: Less than bachelor's degree 10.4 10.4 9.5 9.5 9.0
Bachelor's degree or more 4.6 4.6 4.3 4.3 4.2
Work Experience in 1998
Total, 20 to 64 years 9.9 9.9 9.4 9.1 8.7
Worked at full-time jobs 3.8 3.8 3.6 3.4 3.3
50 to 52 weeks 2.2 2.2 2.1 1.9 1.8
Worked at part-time jobs 12.4 12.4 12.0 11.5 10.9
Did not work 27.5 27.5 25.7 25.2 24.2
107/27/99 369
Table 2. Percent of Persons in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 1998 (Asian or Pacific Islander)
After taxes
Definition 13
Definition 11 plus
Definition 10 plus other
plus means-tested means-tested
Definition 9 regular-price government Definition 12 government
plus school cash plus noncash
Medicare lunches transfers Medicaid transfers
Def 10 Def 11 Def 12 Def 13 Def 14
Program Participation Status of
Household Members
One or more members received:
Cash assistance 41.9 41.9 33.7 33.0 27.1
AFDC or other non-SSI 64.6 64.6 63.8 62.2 49.4
SSI 34.5 34.5 23.1 22.9 19.2
Food stamps 64.1 64.1 61.5 60.6 51.1
Housing assistance 54.2 54.2 50.5 49.6 35.1
Energy assistance 70.4 70.4 61.5 61.5 49.8
Free or reduced-price sch. lunch 45.0 45.0 42.7 41.1 35.8
Household received both food stamps
and cash assistance 63.3 63.3 59.7 58.3 47.9
Health Insurance Coverage
Covered by:
Plan related to employment of self
or relative 3.1 3.1 3.0 2.9 2.9
Medicare 14.5 14.5 10.0 10.0 9.2
Also Medicaid 28.6 28.6 15.2 15.2 12.7
Medicaid 48.8 48.8 43.8 41.7 35.5
Not covered 21.1 21.1 20.3 20.2 19.2
107/27/99 370
Table 2. Percent of Persons in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 1998 (Asian or Pacific Islander)
After taxes
Definition 14
plus
net Money
imputed Definition 14 Income Money
return less after Taxes Income
on equity medical not including after
in own home programs EITC Taxes
Def 15 Def 16 Def 17 Def 18
BELOW POVERTY LEVEL
Asian or Pacific Islander
Total 10.3 10.6 13.9 12.9
Age
Under 18 years 13.8 13.9 19.5 17.9
Related children 13.3 13.3 19.0 17.4
Under 6 years 14.5 14.2 19.3 17.4
18 to 24 years 16.3 16.5 18.2 17.4
25 to 44 years 8.1 8.1 10.5 9.7
45 to 64 years 6.5 7.2 9.0 8.7
65 years and over 8.2 9.9 14.0 13.0
65 to 74 years 7.6 9.6 13.7 12.9
75 years and over 9.4 10.6 14.5 13.0
Family Relationship
In families 9.0 9.2 12.7 11.6
Married-couple families 6.1 6.2 9.2 8.3
With related children under 18 7.0 6.8 10.7 9.3
Female hhlder, no husband present 26.1 26.4 35.3 33.3
With related children under 18 30.7 31.8 43.9 41.1
Unrelated individuals 19.4 20.7 21.7 21.5
Living alone 12.6 13.8 15.0 15.0
65 years and over 14.5 19.1 25.3 25.3
107/27/99 371
Table 2. Percent of Persons in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 1998 (Asian or Pacific Islander)
After taxes
Definition 14
plus
net Money
imputed Definition 14 Income Money
return less after Taxes Income
on equity medical not including after
in own home programs EITC Taxes
Def 15 Def 16 Def 17 Def 18
Type of Residence
Inside metropolitan areas 10.4 10.6 13.7 12.8
Inside central cities 14.3 14.5 18.5 17.3
Outside central cities 6.9 7.2 9.7 8.9
Outside metropolitan areas 9.1 12.2 17.8 16.0
Region
Northeast 14.6 14.3 16.8 15.7
Midwest 5.7 5.7 11.7 10.0
South 11.0 11.7 15.3 14.8
West 9.5 9.9 12.8 11.8
Educational Attainment
Total, 18 years and over 8.9 9.3 11.6 10.9
18 to 24 years old 16.3 16.5 18.2 17.4
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 25.6 25.6 27.4 27.4
25 years old and over 7.6 8.1 10.5 9.8
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 15.1 15.8 22.9 20.3
High school graduate, no college 8.8 8.8 11.9 11.2
College: Less than bachelor's degree 9.0 9.0 10.2 9.6
Bachelor's degree or more 3.6 4.4 5.3 5.2
Work Experience in 1998
Total, 20 to 64 years 8.6 8.8 11.0 10.3
Worked at full-time jobs 3.4 3.4 4.8 4.3
50 to 52 weeks 1.9 1.9 3.2 2.8
Worked at part-time jobs 10.1 10.9 13.8 12.3
Did not work 23.8 24.5 28.5 27.4
107/27/99 372
Table 2. Percent of Persons in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 1998 (Asian or Pacific Islander)
After taxes
Definition 14
plus
net Money
imputed Definition 14 Income Money
return less after Taxes Income
on equity medical not including after
in own home programs EITC Taxes
Def 15 Def 16 Def 17 Def 18
Program Participation Status of
Household Members
One or more members received:
Cash assistance 27.1 27.4 39.2 36.2
AFDC or other non-SSI 49.4 49.4 68.2 63.8
SSI 19.2 19.7 28.3 26.7
Food stamps 51.1 51.5 69.5 64.6
Housing assistance 35.1 35.3 54.6 53.7
Energy assistance 49.8 52.5 66.1 64.2
Free or reduced-price sch. lunch 35.1 35.8 51.1 45.6
Household received both food stamps
and cash assistance 47.9 48.3 69.9 64.1
Health Insurance Coverage
Covered by:
Plan related to employment of self
or relative 2.9 2.9 5.1 4.2
Medicare 8.1 10.1 13.7 12.7
Also Medicaid 12.7 13.8 22.8 22.8
Medicaid 35.4 36.0 49.1 45.3
Not covered 19.0 19.3 21.6 21.2
107/27/99 373
Table 2. Percent of Persons in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 1998 (Asian or Pacific Islander)
Defin 1 Defin 2 Defin 3 Defin 4 Defin 5 Defin 6 Defin 7 Defin 8 Defin 9
BELOW POVERTY LEVEL
Asian or Pacific Islander
Total 1360 1766 1739 1661 1784 1795 1713 1718 1425
Age
Under 18 years 564 652 644 610 654 654 610 612 546
Related children 542 629 622 587 631 631 587 589 523
Under 6 years 200 216 214 201 214 214 196 197 183
18 to 24 years 192 217 214 213 230 233 225 226 197
25 to 44 years 347 413 410 380 425 428 400 402 356
45 to 64 years 159 222 217 208 222 224 223 223 188
65 years and over 97 262 253 251 253 255 255 255 138
65 to 74 years 62 155 147 145 147 150 150 150 76
75 years and over 36 107 106 106 106 106 106 106 62
Family Relationship
In families 1087 1432 1410 1334 1447 1455 1375 1378 1125
Married-couple families 636 902 885 813 893 893 834 837 631
With related children under 18 521 669 660 590 666 666 607 610 498
Female hhlder, no husband present 373 442 438 434 441 449 433 433 396
With related children under 18 345 391 387 383 390 390 374 374 337
Unrelated individuals 257 318 313 312 322 324 323 324 284
Living alone 95 149 143 142 143 146 145 146 111
65 years and over 26 68 63 63 63 65 65 65 39
107/27/99 374
Table 2. Percent of Persons in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 1998 (Asian or Pacific Islander)
Defin 1 Defin 2 Defin 3 Defin 4 Defin 5 Defin 6 Defin 7 Defin 8 Defin 9
Type of Residence
Inside metropolitan areas 1297 1680 1654 1583 1701 1712 1639 1639 1361
Inside central cities 799 1026 1020 996 1072 1083 1047 1047 875
Outside central cities 498 655 634 587 629 629 592 592 486
Outside metropolitan areas 63 85 85 78 83 83 74 79 63
Region
Northeast 297 369 360 356 371 371 361 361 313
Midwest 112 137 129 125 125 125 114 114 102
South 289 307 307 272 311 314 292 292 280
West 661 953 943 909 977 986 946 951 730
Educational Attainment
Total, 18 years and over 795 1114 1095 1052 1130 1141 1103 1106 879
18 to 24 years old 192 217 214 213 230 233 225 226 197
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 42 48 48 48 50 50 50 50 44
25 years old and over 603 897 880 839 899 908 878 880 682
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 193 300 299 287 308 311 308 308 243
High school graduate, no college 155 249 241 225 246 249 232 232 158
College: Less than bachelor's degree 130 167 165 161 166 166 160 161 140
Bachelor's degree or more 125 182 176 166 180 182 178 179 140
Work Experience in 1998
Total, 20 to 64 years 636 780 772 732 804 813 779 781 681
Worked at full-time jobs 178 208 206 182 207 207 189 191 174
50 to 52 weeks 94 114 113 93 113 113 99 100 91
Worked at part-time jobs 88 139 137 130 157 160 153 154 106
Did not work 370 434 430 419 440 446 437 437 401
107/27/99 375
Table 2. Percent of Persons in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 1998 (Asian or Pacific Islander)
Defin 1 Defin 2 Defin 3 Defin 4 Defin 5 Defin 6 Defin 7 Defin 8 Defin 9
Program Participation Status of
Household Members
One or more members received:
Cash assistance 377 558 550 550 566 566 558 558 494
AFDC or other non-SSI 280 335 326 326 333 333 326 326 294
SSI 191 319 319 319 328 328 327 327 294
Food stamps 494 587 587 586 593 593 581 581 517
Housing assistance 220 305 297 297 297 297 293 293 240
Energy assistance 59 80 80 79 79 79 79 79 63
Free or reduced-price sch. lunch 615 772 764 724 768 768 733 733 648
Household received both food stamps
and cash assistance 342 432 432 432 439 439 431 431 370
Health Insurance Coverage
Covered by:
Plan related to employment of self
or relative 261 312 307 247 271 277 236 241 201
Medicare 100 317 308 308 310 313 313 313 155
Also Medicaid 55 138 138 138 138 138 138 138 96
Medicaid 562 721 712 698 727 727 694 694 615
Not covered 439 529 524 521 587 590 582 582 499
107/27/99 376
Table 2. Percent of Persons in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 1998 (Asian or Pacific Islander)
Defin 10 Defin 11 Defin 12 Defin 13 Defin 14 Defin 15 Defin 16 Defin 17 Defin 18
BELOW POVERTY LEVEL
Asian or Pacific Islander
Total 1354 1354 1269 1238 1142 1122 1155 1511 1404
Age
Under 18 years 522 522 510 497 435 434 435 611 561
Related children 499 499 487 475 412 411 412 589 538
Under 6 years 176 176 176 174 160 163 160 218 197
18 to 24 years 197 197 194 193 188 186 188 208 199
25 to 44 years 344 344 323 317 305 306 307 397 365
45 to 64 years 178 178 165 153 143 132 147 185 177
65 years and over 114 114 77 77 71 64 78 110 102
65 to 74 years 60 60 50 50 44 39 49 70 66
75 years and over 54 54 27 27 27 26 29 40 36
Family Relationship
In families 1060 1060 993 964 873 862 877 1220 1116
Married-couple families 575 575 539 517 487 482 491 729 653
With related children under 18 452 452 430 412 387 396 387 606 530
Female hhlder, no husband present 396 396 365 358 297 294 297 396 373
With related children under 18 337 337 329 322 260 251 260 360 337
Unrelated individuals 278 278 260 259 254 245 262 275 273
Living alone 107 107 91 91 87 82 89 97 97
65 years and over 36 36 22 22 19 16 21 28 28
107/27/99 377
Table 2. Percent of Persons in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 1998 (Asian or Pacific Islander)
Defin 10 Defin 11 Defin 12 Defin 13 Defin 14 Defin 15 Defin 16 Defin 17 Defin 18
Type of Residence
Inside metropolitan areas 1290 1290 1206 1179 1094 1086 1107 1441 1341
Inside central cities 815 815 758 732 694 695 703 896 840
Outside central cities 475 475 448 447 400 391 404 545 501
Outside metropolitan areas 63 63 63 59 47 36 48 70 63
Region
Northeast 296 296 277 272 270 281 274 323 302
Midwest 100 100 98 98 57 60 59 122 104
South 277 277 268 250 245 236 249 326 317
West 680 680 626 618 570 546 572 739 682
Educational Attainment
Total, 18 years and over 832 832 759 741 707 689 720 899 843
18 to 24 years old 197 197 194 193 188 186 188 208 199
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 44 44 44 44 41 41 41 44 44
25 years old and over 635 635 565 548 519 503 532 691 644
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 227 227 187 171 155 153 161 233 207
High school graduate, no college 144 144 133 132 129 130 130 177 165
College: Less than bachelor's degree 138 138 126 126 119 119 119 135 128
Bachelor's degree or more 127 127 119 119 116 100 122 146 144
Work Experience in 1998
Total, 20 to 64 years 658 658 622 604 580 571 586 730 681
Worked at full-time jobs 165 165 158 151 146 150 148 211 191
50 to 52 weeks 82 82 77 70 67 71 69 116 104
Worked at part-time jobs 102 102 99 94 90 83 90 114 101
Did not work 391 391 365 358 344 338 348 406 389
107/27/99 378
Table 2. Percent of Persons in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 1998 (Asian or Pacific Islander)
Defin 10 Defin 11 Defin 12 Defin 13 Defin 14 Defin 15 Defin 16 Defin 17 Defin 18
Program Participation Status of
Household Members
One or more members received:
Cash assistance 436 436 351 343 281 281 285 408 377
AFDC or other non-SSI 283 283 280 273 217 217 217 299 280
SSI 247 247 165 164 137 137 141 203 191
Food stamps 485 485 465 458 387 387 389 526 489
Housing assistance 218 218 203 199 141 141 142 220 216
Energy assistance 63 63 55 55 45 45 47 59 58
Free or reduced-price sch. lunch 602 602 572 551 479 469 480 684 610
Household received both food stamps
and cash assistance 338 338 319 312 256 256 258 374 342
Health Insurance Coverage
Covered by:
Plan related to employment of self
or relative 201 201 198 192 191 187 191 331 276
Medicare 119 119 82 82 76 67 83 112 104
Also Medicaid 68 68 36 36 30 30 33 55 55
Medicaid 585 585 525 500 425 424 432 589 543
Not covered 481 481 463 460 439 434 441 492 483