07/17/98 1
Table 3. Percent of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 1997 (Asian or Pacific Islander)
Before taxes
Definition 3
Money income-- plus
Excluding health
capital Definition 1 Definition 2 insurance
gains less plus supplements to
(current government capital wage or salary
Total measure) transfers gains income
(thous.) Def 1 Def 2 Def 3 Def 4
BELOW POVERTY LEVEL
Asian or Pacific Islander
All families 2381 10.2 14.6 14.6 14.0
Age of Householder
15 to 24 years 79 22.8 26.5 26.5 26.5
25 to 44 years 1249 11.1 12.5 12.5 11.9
45 to 54 years 517 7.4 9.9 9.9 9.4
55 to 64 years 301 8.5 10.8 10.8 9.3
65 years and over 234 9.8 37.2 37.2 36.7
Type of Family
Married-couple families 1946 8.1 12.0 12.0 11.4
With related children under 18 1157 9.6 10.7 10.7 10.2
With related children under 6 573 11.3 12.4 12.4 11.7
Male householder, no wife present 157 6.6 13.7 13.7 13.7
Female householder, no husband present 278 27.3 33.5 33.5 32.0
With related children under 18 161 40.3 46.9 46.9 45.0
With related children under 6 49 59.6 59.6 59.6 57.1
Type of Residence
Inside metropolitan areas 2300 10.0 14.4 14.4 13.7
Inside central cities 1024 15.3 20.6 20.6 19.5
Outside central cities 1275 5.6 9.4 9.4 9.0
Outside metropolitan areas 81 18.0 22.2 22.2 22.2
07/17/98 2
Table 3. Percent of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 1997 (Asian or Pacific Islander)
Before taxes
Definition 3
Money income-- plus
Excluding health
capital Definition 1 Definition 2 insurance
gains less plus supplements to
(current government capital wage or salary
Total measure) transfers gains income
(thous.) Def 1 Def 2 Def 3 Def 4
Region
Northeast 411 14.6 17.0 17.0 15.3
Midwest 241 8.2 10.1 10.1 8.4
South 428 9.4 9.4 9.4 9.4
West 1300 9.5 16.4 16.4 16.1
Educational Attainment
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 326 29.1 42.9 42.9 42.3
High school graduate, no college 497 12.2 17.3 17.3 16.4
College: Less than bachelor's degree 478 8.3 12.0 12.0 11.1
Bachelor's degree or more 1080 4.5 6.0 6.0 5.6
Work Experience in 1997
Total, 15 to 64 years 2147 10.3 12.2 12.2 11.5
Worked at full-time jobs 1691 4.6 5.3 5.3 4.7
50 to 52 weeks 1485 3.4 3.8 3.8 3.3
Worked at part-time jobs 199 27.7 30.8 30.8 30.8
Did not work 257 34.4 43.0 43.0 41.1
Year-Round Full-Time Workers
No workers 500 34.8 53.3 53.3 52.1
Householder 15 to 64 years 354 43.4 52.6 52.6 51.3
Householder 65 years and over 146 13.9 55.0 55.0 54.2
One worker 1013 6.6 7.7 7.7 6.8
Two workers or more 867 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3
07/17/98 3
Table 3. Percent of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 1997 (Asian or Pacific Islander)
Before taxes
Definition 3
Money income-- plus
Excluding health
capital Definition 1 Definition 2 insurance
gains less plus supplements to
(current government capital wage or salary
Total measure) transfers gains income
(thous.) Def 1 Def 2 Def 3 Def 4
Program Participation Status of
Family Members
One or more members received:
Cash assistance 173 40.6 63.9 63.9 63.2
AFDC or other non-SSI 90 68.9 84.1 84.1 84.1
SSI 112 19.3 55.3 55.3 54.2
Food stamps 136 65.8 83.7 83.7 81.1
Housing assistance 86 51.5 72.9 72.9 72.9
Energy assistance 26 49.1 91.1 91.1 91.1
Free or reduced-price school lunches 191 52.0 56.3 56.3 53.6
Family received both food stamps and
cash assistance 100 65.4 87.4 87.4 86.3
Health Insurance Coverage
One or more members covered by:
Employer-provided plan 1689 3.4 5.0 5.0 4.1
Medicare 387 6.9 25.6 25.6 25.3
Medicaid 358 32.8 48.3 48.3 48.0
No members covered by:
Employer-provided plan or Medicare or
Medicaid 413 20.5 21.5 21.5 21.5
Health insurance 282 23.8 25.4 25.4 25.4
Family received:
Medicare and Medicaid 133 14.9 39.4 39.4 38.5
07/17/98 4
Table 3. Percent of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 1997 (Asian or Pacific Islander)
After taxes
Definition 8
Definition 4 Definition 6 plus
less Definition 5 plus Definition 7 nonmeans-
Social less Earned less tested
Security Federal Income state government
payroll income Tax income cash
taxes taxes Credit taxes transfers
Def 5 Def 6 Def 7 Def 8 Def 9
BELOW POVERTY LEVEL
Asian or Pacific Islander
All families 14.8 14.9 13.9 14.3 11.3
Age of Householder
15 to 24 years 26.9 26.9 26.5 29.1 28.3
25 to 44 years 12.8 12.8 11.5 11.7 10.8
45 to 54 years 10.3 11.0 9.4 9.4 8.9
55 to 64 years 10.1 10.1 10.1 10.9 8.9
65 years and over 36.7 37.2 37.2 38.2 16.5
Type of Family
Married-couple families 12.3 12.5 11.5 11.8 8.8
With related children under 18 11.5 11.5 10.1 10.2 9.6
With related children under 6 13.1 13.1 11.7 12.0 12.0
Male householder, no wife present 13.7 13.7 13.7 14.6 9.3
Female householder, no husband present 32.4 32.9 31.0 31.8 29.7
With related children under 18 45.7 45.7 42.6 42.6 42.0
With related children under 6 59.6 59.6 57.1 57.1 57.1
Type of Residence
Inside metropolitan areas 14.5 14.7 13.6 14.0 11.1
Inside central cities 20.7 20.8 19.4 19.8 16.9
Outside central cities 9.5 9.7 9.0 9.3 6.4
Outside metropolitan areas 22.2 22.2 22.2 23.5 18.0
07/17/98 5
Table 3. Percent of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 1997 (Asian or Pacific Islander)
After taxes
Definition 8
Definition 4 Definition 6 plus
less Definition 5 plus Definition 7 nonmeans-
Social less Earned less tested
Security Federal Income state government
payroll income Tax income cash
taxes taxes Credit taxes transfers
Def 5 Def 6 Def 7 Def 8 Def 9
Region
Northeast 18.1 18.1 15.9 17.0 15.9
Midwest 9.4 9.4 8.4 8.4 8.4
South 9.4 9.4 9.1 9.1 9.1
West 16.5 16.8 15.9 16.2 11.1
Educational Attainment
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 42.3 42.3 41.2 41.5 33.0
High school graduate, no college 18.3 19.3 16.4 16.8 12.5
College: Less than bachelor's degree 11.6 11.6 11.1 11.1 8.7
Bachelor's degree or more 6.2 6.2 5.8 6.4 5.4
Work Experience in 1997
Total, 15 to 64 years 12.4 12.5 11.4 11.7 10.7
Worked at full-time jobs 5.4 5.4 4.3 4.4 3.9
50 to 52 weeks 3.7 3.7 2.9 3.1 2.8
Worked at part-time jobs 30.8 32.5 30.8 30.8 28.7
Did not work 44.0 44.0 43.1 44.9 41.4
Year-Round Full-Time Workers
No workers 53.8 54.7 52.4 53.4 40.6
Householder 15 to 64 years 53.6 54.6 51.3 52.0 47.2
Householder 65 years and over 54.2 55.0 55.0 56.6 24.6
One worker 7.6 7.6 6.5 6.9 6.2
Two workers or more 0.6 0.6 0.3 0.3 0.3
07/17/98 6
Table 3. Percent of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 1997 (Asian or Pacific Islander)
After taxes
Definition 8
Definition 4 Definition 6 plus
less Definition 5 plus Definition 7 nonmeans-
Social less Earned less tested
Security Federal Income state government
payroll income Tax income cash
taxes taxes Credit taxes transfers
Def 5 Def 6 Def 7 Def 8 Def 9
Program Participation Status of
Family Members
One or more members received:
Cash assistance 63.2 63.9 63.9 63.9 60.0
AFDC or other non-SSI 84.1 84.1 84.1 84.1 84.1
SSI 54.2 55.3 55.3 55.3 49.3
Food stamps 83.0 86.5 82.0 82.0 81.1
Housing assistance 72.9 72.9 72.9 72.9 68.8
Energy assistance 91.1 91.1 91.1 91.1 91.1
Free or reduced-price school lunches 56.4 56.4 53.6 54.7 52.6
Family received both food stamps and
cash assistance 86.3 87.4 87.4 87.4 86.3
Health Insurance Coverage
One or more members covered by:
Employer-provided plan 4.8 5.1 4.3 4.7 2.9
Medicare 25.3 25.6 25.6 26.9 11.4
Medicaid 48.9 50.2 48.3 48.6 42.7
No members covered by:
Employer-provided plan or Medicare or
Medicaid 22.1 22.1 20.3 20.8 19.8
Health insurance 26.1 26.1 24.1 24.8 23.3
Family received:
Medicare and Medicaid 38.5 39.4 39.4 40.1 28.2
07/17/98 7
Table 3. Percent of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 1997 (Asian or Pacific Islander)
After taxes
Definition 13
Definition 11 plus
Definition 10 plus other
plus means-tested means-tested
Definition 9 regular-price government Definition 12 government
plus school cash plus noncash
Medicare lunches transfers Medicaid transfers
Def 10 Def 11 Def 12 Def 13 Def 14
BELOW POVERTY LEVEL
Asian or Pacific Islander
All families 11.0 11.0 9.4 8.7 7.8
Age of Householder
15 to 24 years 28.3 28.3 25.4 25.4 22.9
25 to 44 years 10.7 10.7 10.2 9.2 7.9
45 to 54 years 8.9 8.9 6.2 5.6 5.2
55 to 64 years 8.9 8.9 7.7 7.4 7.1
65 years and over 14.4 14.4 8.8 8.8 8.8
Type of Family
Married-couple families 8.6 8.6 7.5 7.0 6.5
With related children under 18 9.6 9.6 9.0 8.1 7.3
With related children under 6 12.0 12.0 11.3 10.1 8.7
Male householder, no wife present 9.3 9.3 7.2 5.9 5.4
Female householder, no husband present 29.0 29.0 24.1 22.4 18.3
With related children under 18 42.0 42.0 33.4 30.5 23.5
With related children under 6 57.1 57.1 52.9 50.3 42.4
Type of Residence
Inside metropolitan areas 10.8 10.8 9.2 8.5 7.7
Inside central cities 16.4 16.4 14.2 13.2 12.0
Outside central cities 6.2 6.2 5.2 4.8 4.2
Outside metropolitan areas 18.0 18.0 15.9 14.8 11.5
07/17/98 8
Table 3. Percent of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 1997 (Asian or Pacific Islander)
After taxes
Definition 13
Definition 11 plus
Definition 10 plus other
plus means-tested means-tested
Definition 9 regular-price government Definition 12 government
plus school cash plus noncash
Medicare lunches transfers Medicaid transfers
Def 10 Def 11 Def 12 Def 13 Def 14
Region
Northeast 14.7 14.7 13.1 12.8 10.3
Midwest 8.4 8.4 7.5 5.4 5.0
South 9.1 9.1 9.1 9.1 8.8
West 10.9 10.9 8.7 7.9 7.3
Educational Attainment
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 31.5 31.5 25.9 22.6 20.4
High school graduate, no college 12.1 12.1 11.3 11.1 9.1
College: Less than bachelor's degree 8.7 8.7 8.0 7.1 7.1
Bachelor's degree or more 5.4 5.4 4.2 4.2 3.8
Work Experience in 1997
Total, 15 to 64 years 10.6 10.6 9.5 8.7 7.7
Worked at full-time jobs 3.8 3.8 3.4 3.3 2.9
50 to 52 weeks 2.7 2.7 2.5 2.3 2.0
Worked at part-time jobs 28.7 28.7 27.7 24.2 20.9
Did not work 41.4 41.4 35.3 32.6 29.4
Year-Round Full-Time Workers
No workers 39.7 39.7 32.6 30.2 27.0
Householder 15 to 64 years 47.2 47.2 41.0 37.6 33.1
Householder 65 years and over 21.3 21.3 12.2 12.2 12.2
One worker 6.0 6.0 5.7 5.3 4.7
Two workers or more 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3
07/17/98 9
Table 3. Percent of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 1997 (Asian or Pacific Islander)
After taxes
Definition 13
Definition 11 plus
Definition 10 plus other
plus means-tested means-tested
Definition 9 regular-price government Definition 12 government
plus school cash plus noncash
Medicare lunches transfers Medicaid transfers
Def 10 Def 11 Def 12 Def 13 Def 14
Program Participation Status of
Family Members
One or more members received:
Cash assistance 57.5 57.5 35.5 28.5 22.1
AFDC or other non-SSI 84.1 84.1 59.1 47.1 34.7
SSI 45.4 45.4 19.3 14.4 14.4
Food stamps 79.4 79.4 59.3 50.5 40.7
Housing assistance 63.2 63.2 46.6 43.7 34.8
Energy assistance 91.1 91.1 49.1 32.1 21.9
Free or reduced-price school lunches 52.6 52.6 46.3 38.7 30.4
Family received both food stamps and
cash assistance 83.9 83.9 56.6 44.6 33.5
Health Insurance Coverage
One or more members covered by:
Employer-provided plan 2.9 2.9 2.7 2.5 1.9
Medicare 9.7 9.7 5.3 5.3 5.1
Medicaid 40.8 40.8 30.2 25.6 21.2
No members covered by:
Employer-provided plan or Medicare or
Medicaid 19.8 19.8 19.8 19.8 18.9
Health insurance 23.3 23.3 23.3 23.3 22.0
Family received:
Medicare and Medicaid 23.1 23.1 10.5 10.5 9.8
07/17/98 10
Table 3. Percent of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 1997 (Asian or Pacific Islander)
After taxes
Definition 14
plus
net Money
imputed Definition 14 Income Money
return less after Taxes Income
on equity medical not including after
in own home programs EITC Taxes
Def 15 Def 16 Def 17 Def 18
BELOW POVERTY LEVEL
Asian or Pacific Islander
All families 7.4 8.3 11.1 10.1
Age of Householder
15 to 24 years 22.9 22.9 25.8 25.4
25 to 44 years 7.9 8.8 12.4 10.9
45 to 54 years 4.0 5.2 7.8 6.7
55 to 64 years 6.6 7.1 8.5 8.5
65 years and over 7.7 8.8 9.8 9.8
Type of Family
Married-couple families 6.2 6.9 8.9 8.1
With related children under 18 7.2 7.9 11.0 9.5
With related children under 6 8.4 9.8 12.6 11.8
Male householder, no wife present 5.4 6.6 7.8 7.2
Female householder, no husband present 16.8 19.1 28.1 25.6
With related children under 18 23.5 24.8 40.3 36.0
With related children under 6 42.4 42.4 59.6 57.7
Type of Residence
Inside metropolitan areas 7.3 8.2 10.9 9.9
Inside central cities 12.0 12.7 16.1 15.0
Outside central cities 3.4 4.5 6.7 5.8
Outside metropolitan areas 11.5 11.5 18.0 15.9
07/17/98 11
Table 3. Percent of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 1997 (Asian or Pacific Islander)
After taxes
Definition 14
plus
net Money
imputed Definition 14 Income Money
return less after Taxes Income
on equity medical not including after
in own home programs EITC Taxes
Def 15 Def 16 Def 17 Def 18
Region
Northeast 10.3 10.8 16.8 14.9
Midwest 4.2 6.0 8.2 8.2
South 8.8 8.8 9.4 9.1
West 6.7 7.7 10.4 9.2
Educational Attainment
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 19.7 21.7 29.1 27.2
High school graduate, no college 8.3 9.1 13.4 11.8
College: Less than bachelor's degree 7.1 8.0 8.9 8.5
Bachelor's degree or more 3.5 4.0 5.6 4.8
Work Experience in 1997
Total, 15 to 64 years 7.4 8.2 11.2 10.1
Worked at full-time jobs 2.5 3.0 5.4 4.1
50 to 52 weeks 1.8 2.1 4.0 3.2
Worked at part-time jobs 20.9 21.9 28.7 27.7
Did not work 28.9 31.9 36.2 36.2
Year-Round Full-Time Workers
No workers 25.5 28.3 35.9 33.1
Householder 15 to 64 years 31.6 34.9 44.9 41.0
Householder 65 years and over 10.6 12.2 13.9 13.9
One worker 4.5 5.2 7.9 7.0
Two workers or more 0.3 0.3 0.6 0.3
07/17/98 12
Table 3. Percent of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 1997 (Asian or Pacific Islander)
After taxes
Definition 14
plus
net Money
imputed Definition 14 Income Money
return less after Taxes Income
on equity medical not including after
in own home programs EITC Taxes
Def 15 Def 16 Def 17 Def 18
Program Participation Status of
Family Members
One or more members received:
Cash assistance 22.1 24.5 40.6 36.1
AFDC or other non-SSI 34.7 39.3 68.9 60.3
SSI 14.4 14.4 19.3 19.3
Food stamps 40.7 45.4 66.0 60.2
Housing assistance 34.8 34.8 51.5 50.7
Energy assistance 21.9 21.9 49.1 49.1
Free or reduced-price school lunches 30.4 35.0 54.1 48.5
Family received both food stamps and
cash assistance 33.5 37.6 65.4 57.7
Health Insurance Coverage
One or more members covered by:
Employer-provided plan 1.8 2.3 3.9 3.4
Medicare 5.1 5.1 6.9 6.0
Medicaid 21.2 24.1 34.5 31.2
No members covered by:
Employer-provided plan or Medicare or
Medicaid 16.9 18.9 22.0 19.8
Health insurance 21.2 22.0 26.0 23.3
Family received:
Medicare and Medicaid 9.8 9.8 14.9 12.3
07/17/98 13
Table 3. Percent of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 1997 (Asian or Pacific Islander)
Defin 1 Defin 2 Defin 3 Defin 4 Defin 5 Defin 6 Defin 7 Defin 8 Defin 9
BELOW POVERTY LEVEL
Asian or Pacific Islander
All families 244 348 348 333 351 356 331 340 269
Age of Householder
15 to 24 years 18 21 21 21 21 21 21 23 22
25 to 44 years 139 156 156 149 161 161 144 146 135
45 to 54 years 38 51 51 49 53 57 49 49 46
55 to 64 years 25 33 33 28 30 30 30 33 27
65 years and over 23 87 87 86 86 87 87 89 39
Type of Family
Married-couple families 158 234 234 222 240 243 224 229 172
With related children under 18 111 124 124 118 132 132 116 119 111
With related children under 6 65 71 71 67 75 75 67 69 69
Male householder, no wife present 10 21 21 21 21 21 21 23 15
Female householder, no husband present 76 93 93 89 90 91 86 88 83
With related children under 18 65 75 75 72 74 74 69 69 68
With related children under 6 29 29 29 28 29 29 28 28 28
Type of Residence
Inside metropolitan areas 229 330 330 314 333 338 313 321 254
Inside central cities 157 211 211 200 212 214 199 203 173
Outside central cities 72 119 119 115 121 124 115 118 81
Outside metropolitan areas 15 18 18 18 18 18 18 19 15
Region
Northeast 60 70 70 63 74 74 65 70 65
Midwest 20 24 24 20 23 23 20 20 20
South 40 40 40 40 40 40 39 39 39
West 124 214 214 209 214 219 207 211 144
Educational Attainment
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 95 140 140 138 138 138 134 135 107
07/17/98 14
Table 3. Percent of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 1997 (Asian or Pacific Islander)
Defin 1 Defin 2 Defin 3 Defin 4 Defin 5 Defin 6 Defin 7 Defin 8 Defin 9
High school graduate, no college 61 86 86 82 91 96 82 84 62
College: Less than bachelor's degree 40 57 57 53 55 55 53 53 42
Bachelor's degree or more 49 65 65 60 67 67 63 69 58
Work Experience in 1997
Total, 15 to 64 years 221 261 261 247 265 269 244 251 230
Worked at full-time jobs 77 89 89 80 91 91 72 74 67
50 to 52 weeks 50 56 56 49 54 54 44 46 42
Worked at part-time jobs 55 61 61 61 61 65 61 61 57
Did not work 89 111 111 106 113 113 111 116 107
Year-Round Full-Time Workers
No workers 174 267 267 261 269 274 262 267 203
Householder 15 to 64 years 154 187 187 182 190 193 182 184 167
Householder 65 years and over 20 80 80 79 79 80 80 83 36
One worker 67 78 78 69 77 77 66 70 63
Two workers or more 3 3 3 3 5 5 3 3 3
Program Participation Status of
Family Members
One or more members received:
Cash assistance 70 110 110 109 109 110 110 110 104
AFDC or other non-SSI 62 75 75 75 75 75 75 75 75
SSI 22 62 62 61 61 62 62 62 55
Food stamps 90 114 114 111 113 118 112 112 111
Housing assistance 44 63 63 63 63 63 63 63 59
Energy assistance 13 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24
Free or reduced-price school lunches 100 108 108 103 108 108 103 105 101
Family received both food stamps and
cash assistance 66 88 88 87 87 88 88 88 87
Health Insurance Coverage
One or more members covered by:
Employer-provided plan 57 84 84 68 82 86 72 79 49
Medicare 27 99 99 98 98 99 99 104 44
Medicaid 117 173 173 172 175 180 173 174 153
07/17/98 15
Table 3. Percent of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 1997 (Asian or Pacific Islander)
Defin 1 Defin 2 Defin 3 Defin 4 Defin 5 Defin 6 Defin 7 Defin 8 Defin 9
No members covered by:
Employer-provided plan or Medicare or
Medicaid 85 89 89 89 91 91 84 86 82
Health insurance 67 72 72 72 74 74 68 70 66
Family received:
Medicare and Medicaid 20 52 52 51 51 52 52 53 37
07/17/98 16
Table 3. Percent of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 1997 (Asian or Pacific Islander)
Defin 10 Defin 11 Defin 12 Defin 13 Defin 14 Defin 15 Defin 16 Defin 17 Defin 18
BELOW POVERTY LEVEL
Asian or Pacific Islander
All families 262 262 224 208 186 176 197 264 240
Age of Householder
15 to 24 years 22 22 20 20 18 18 18 21 20
25 to 44 years 133 133 128 115 99 99 110 155 136
45 to 54 years 46 46 32 29 27 21 27 40 35
55 to 64 years 27 27 23 22 21 20 21 25 25
65 years and over 34 34 20 20 20 18 20 23 23
Type of Family
Married-couple families 167 167 146 136 127 121 133 174 157
With related children under 18 111 111 104 94 85 83 91 127 110
With related children under 6 69 69 65 58 50 48 56 72 67
Male householder, no wife present 15 15 11 9 8 8 10 12 11
Female householder, no husband present 81 81 67 62 51 47 53 78 71
With related children under 18 68 68 54 49 38 38 40 65 58
With related children under 6 28 28 26 25 21 21 21 29 29
Type of Residence
Inside metropolitan areas 247 247 211 196 177 167 188 250 227
Inside central cities 168 168 145 135 123 123 130 165 153
Outside central cities 79 79 66 61 54 44 58 85 73
Outside metropolitan areas 15 15 13 12 9 9 9 15 13
Region
Northeast 60 60 54 53 42 42 44 69 61
Midwest 20 20 18 13 12 10 14 20 20
South 39 39 39 39 38 38 38 40 39
West 142 142 113 103 94 87 100 135 120
Educational Attainment
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 103 103 84 74 66 64 71 95 89
07/17/98 17
Table 3. Percent of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 1997 (Asian or Pacific Islander)
Defin 10 Defin 11 Defin 12 Defin 13 Defin 14 Defin 15 Defin 16 Defin 17 Defin 18
High school graduate, no college 60 60 56 55 45 41 45 67 59
College: Less than bachelor's degree 42 42 38 34 34 34 38 43 41
Bachelor's degree or more 58 58 45 45 41 37 43 60 52
Work Experience in 1997
Total, 15 to 64 years 228 228 204 187 166 158 176 241 217
Worked at full-time jobs 65 65 58 55 48 42 51 91 69
50 to 52 weeks 40 40 37 35 29 27 32 59 48
Worked at part-time jobs 57 57 55 48 42 42 43 57 55
Did not work 107 107 91 84 76 74 82 93 93
Year-Round Full-Time Workers
No workers 198 198 163 151 135 127 142 179 165
Householder 15 to 64 years 167 167 145 133 117 112 124 159 145
Householder 65 years and over 31 31 18 18 18 15 18 20 20
One worker 61 61 58 54 48 46 52 80 71
Two workers or more 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 5 3
Program Participation Status of
Family Members
One or more members received:
Cash assistance 99 99 61 49 38 38 42 70 62
AFDC or other non-SSI 75 75 53 42 31 31 35 62 54
SSI 51 51 22 16 16 16 16 22 22
Food stamps 108 108 81 69 56 56 62 90 82
Housing assistance 54 54 40 38 30 30 30 44 44
Energy assistance 24 24 13 8 6 6 6 13 13
Free or reduced-price school lunches 101 101 89 74 58 58 67 103 93
Family received both food stamps and
cash assistance 84 84 57 45 34 34 38 66 58
Health Insurance Coverage
One or more members covered by:
Employer-provided plan 49 49 45 42 33 31 39 66 58
Medicare 37 37 21 21 20 20 20 27 23
Medicaid 146 146 108 92 76 76 86 123 112
07/17/98 18
Table 3. Percent of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 1997 (Asian or Pacific Islander)
Defin 10 Defin 11 Defin 12 Defin 13 Defin 14 Defin 15 Defin 16 Defin 17 Defin 18
No members covered by:
Employer-provided plan or Medicare or
Medicaid 82 82 82 82 78 70 78 91 82
Health insurance 66 66 66 66 62 60 62 73 66
Family received:
Medicare and Medicaid 31 31 14 14 13 13 13 20 16