07/17/98 1
Table 2. Percent of Persons in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 1997 (All Races)
Before taxes
Definition 3
Money income-- plus
Excluding health
capital Definition 1 Definition 2 insurance
gains less plus supplements to
(current government capital wage or salary
Total measure) transfers gains income
(thous.) Def 1 Def 2 Def 3 Def 4
BELOW POVERTY LEVEL
All Races
Total 268480 13.3 21.0 20.9 20.3
Age
Under 18 years 71069 19.9 22.9 22.8 21.9
Related children 69844 19.2 22.2 22.1 21.2
Under 6 years 23363 21.6 23.8 23.7 22.7
18 to 24 years 25201 17.5 20.9 20.8 20.0
25 to 44 years 83816 10.7 13.4 13.3 12.8
45 to 64 years 56312 8.3 14.0 13.9 13.5
65 years and over 32082 10.5 49.1 48.9 48.6
65 to 74 years 17874 9.2 41.7 41.5 41.1
75 years and over 14209 12.2 58.5 58.2 58.0
Family Relationship
In families 225369 11.6 18.0 17.9 17.3
Married-couple families 175779 6.4 12.2 12.1 11.6
With related children under 18 110790 8.2 10.1 10.1 9.5
Female hhlder, no husband present 38412 35.1 44.0 43.9 42.6
With related children under 18 28770 43.5 50.5 50.4 48.9
Unrelated individuals 41672 20.8 35.9 35.8 35.5
Living alone 26364 18.1 39.4 39.2 38.9
65 years and over 9923 20.4 68.3 68.1 67.9
07/17/98 2
Table 2. Percent of Persons in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 1997 (All Races)
Before taxes
Definition 3
Money income-- plus
Excluding health
capital Definition 1 Definition 2 insurance
gains less plus supplements to
(current government capital wage or salary
Total measure) transfers gains income
(thous.) Def 1 Def 2 Def 3 Def 4
Type of Residence
Inside metropolitan areas 216143 12.6 19.7 19.6 19.1
Inside central cities 80089 18.8 26.7 26.6 25.8
Outside central cities 136055 9.0 15.6 15.5 15.1
Outside metropolitan areas 52337 15.9 26.3 26.2 25.6
Region
Northeast 51202 12.6 20.8 20.7 20.1
Midwest 62498 10.4 18.5 18.4 17.8
South 94235 14.6 22.7 22.6 22.1
West 60545 14.6 21.1 21.0 20.4
Educational Attainment
Total, 18 years and over 197412 10.9 20.3 20.2 19.7
18 to 24 years old 25201 17.5 20.9 20.8 20.0
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 5687 29.4 34.4 34.2 33.3
25 years old and over 172211 9.9 20.2 20.1 19.7
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 29558 24.5 47.8 47.7 47.0
High school graduate, no college 58174 9.9 21.2 21.1 20.5
College: Less than bachelor's degree 42506 6.5 13.8 13.7 13.3
Bachelor's degree or more 41974 3.1 6.0 6.0 5.8
Work Experience in 1997
Total, 20 to 64 years 157742 10.6 14.4 14.3 13.8
Worked at full-time jobs 109239 4.6 5.8 5.8 5.3
50 to 52 weeks 90177 2.5 3.0 3.0 2.7
Worked at part-time jobs 20983 15.2 19.9 19.7 19.0
Did not work 27520 30.8 44.3 44.2 43.6
07/17/98 3
Table 2. Percent of Persons in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 1997 (All Races)
Before taxes
Definition 3
Money income-- plus
Excluding health
capital Definition 1 Definition 2 insurance
gains less plus supplements to
(current government capital wage or salary
Total measure) transfers gains income
(thous.) Def 1 Def 2 Def 3 Def 4
Program Participation Status of
Household Members
One or more members received:
Cash assistance 21868 54.3 72.5 72.2 71.1
AFDC or other non-SSI 12437 69.7 82.5 82.2 81.1
SSI 11682 38.5 65.1 64.8 64.1
Food stamps 23226 66.8 78.4 78.0 76.5
Housing assistance 11279 60.5 75.7 75.4 74.4
Energy assistance 6609 61.7 80.9 80.8 79.2
Free or reduced-price sch. lunch 33288 44.1 52.1 51.9 50.0
Household received both food stamps
and cash assistance 13797 71.9 86.6 86.3 85.0
Health Insurance Coverage
Covered by:
Plan related to employment of self
or relative 164976 3.3 6.1 6.1 5.3
Medicare 35586 13.0 51.9 51.7 51.4
Also Medicaid 4834 38.2 73.6 73.4 73.1
Medicaid 28707 53.6 68.8 68.6 67.6
Not covered 43198 26.0 31.1 31.0 30.7
07/17/98 4
Table 2. Percent of Persons in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 1997 (All Races)
After taxes
Definition 8
Definition 4 Definition 6 plus
less Definition 5 plus Definition 7 nonmeans-
Social less Earned less tested
Security Federal Income state government
payroll income Tax income cash
taxes taxes Credit taxes transfers
Def 5 Def 6 Def 7 Def 8 Def 9
BELOW POVERTY LEVEL
All Races
Total 21.3 21.4 20.0 20.1 13.4
Age
Under 18 years 23.3 23.4 20.6 20.8 18.8
Related children 22.6 22.7 19.9 20.1 18.2
Under 6 years 24.3 24.4 21.3 21.6 20.3
18 to 24 years 21.5 21.7 20.0 20.2 18.0
25 to 44 years 13.7 13.9 12.5 12.6 10.7
45 to 64 years 14.1 14.3 13.8 14.0 9.1
65 years and over 49.0 49.1 48.9 49.1 11.9
65 to 74 years 41.6 41.7 41.5 41.8 10.5
75 years and over 58.3 58.4 58.3 58.4 13.6
Family Relationship
In families 18.3 18.4 16.7 16.9 11.4
Married-couple families 12.4 12.5 11.4 11.6 6.2
With related children under 18 10.5 10.6 8.9 9.1 7.7
Female hhlder, no husband present 44.3 44.5 40.4 40.6 34.7
With related children under 18 50.7 50.8 45.7 45.9 42.3
Unrelated individuals 36.3 36.7 36.6 36.8 22.6
Living alone 39.4 39.7 39.7 39.8 19.7
65 years and over 68.1 68.1 68.1 68.3 22.2
07/17/98 5
Table 2. Percent of Persons in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 1997 (All Races)
After taxes
Definition 8
Definition 4 Definition 6 plus
less Definition 5 plus Definition 7 nonmeans-
Social less Earned less tested
Security Federal Income state government
payroll income Tax income cash
taxes taxes Credit taxes transfers
Def 5 Def 6 Def 7 Def 8 Def 9
Type of Residence
Inside metropolitan areas 19.9 20.1 18.8 18.9 12.7
Inside central cities 27.1 27.3 25.3 25.5 19.1
Outside central cities 15.7 15.8 14.9 15.0 9.0
Outside metropolitan areas 26.9 27.1 25.0 25.2 15.9
Region
Northeast 20.9 20.9 19.8 20.1 13.0
Midwest 18.7 18.8 17.5 17.7 10.5
South 23.2 23.4 21.6 21.8 14.6
West 21.4 21.6 20.0 20.1 14.7
Educational Attainment
Total, 18 years and over 20.6 20.7 19.7 19.9 11.4
18 to 24 years old 21.5 21.7 20.0 20.2 18.0
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 35.1 35.3 31.9 32.1 29.6
25 years old and over 20.4 20.6 19.7 19.9 10.4
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 48.3 48.6 46.9 47.1 26.4
High school graduate, no college 21.3 21.5 20.5 20.7 10.1
College: Less than bachelor's degree 14.0 14.1 13.4 13.5 6.7
Bachelor's degree or more 6.0 6.1 5.9 6.0 3.2
Work Experience in 1997
Total, 20 to 64 years 14.7 14.9 13.8 13.9 11.0
Worked at full-time jobs 6.1 6.2 5.3 5.4 4.5
50 to 52 weeks 3.2 3.4 2.6 2.7 2.3
Worked at part-time jobs 20.4 20.7 19.0 19.3 15.5
Did not work 44.5 44.7 43.5 43.7 33.3
07/17/98 6
Table 2. Percent of Persons in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 1997 (All Races)
After taxes
Definition 8
Definition 4 Definition 6 plus
less Definition 5 plus Definition 7 nonmeans-
Social less Earned less tested
Security Federal Income state government
payroll income Tax income cash
taxes taxes Credit taxes transfers
Def 5 Def 6 Def 7 Def 8 Def 9
Program Participation Status of
Household Members
One or more members received:
Cash assistance 73.1 73.2 70.4 70.5 63.9
AFDC or other non-SSI 82.9 83.1 79.8 80.0 76.5
SSI 66.0 66.1 63.9 63.9 54.3
Food stamps 78.9 79.2 74.1 74.4 69.1
Housing assistance 76.1 76.6 71.9 72.0 63.1
Energy assistance 81.1 81.5 76.9 77.4 66.2
Free or reduced-price sch. lunch 52.9 53.2 47.4 47.7 43.1
Household received both food stamps
and cash assistance 87.2 87.3 84.0 84.1 80.2
Health Insurance Coverage
Covered by:
Plan related to employment of self
or relative 5.7 5.8 5.0 5.1 2.6
Medicare 51.8 51.9 51.6 51.9 14.9
Also Medicaid 73.6 73.6 73.0 73.0 49.3
Medicaid 69.5 69.7 65.7 65.9 58.3
Not covered 33.3 33.8 30.3 30.6 25.7
07/17/98 7
Table 2. Percent of Persons in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 1997 (All Races)
After taxes
Definition 13
Definition 11 plus
Definition 10 plus other
plus means-tested means-tested
Definition 9 regular-price government Definition 12 government
plus school cash plus noncash
Medicare lunches transfers Medicaid transfers
Def 10 Def 11 Def 12 Def 13 Def 14
BELOW POVERTY LEVEL
All Races
Total 12.9 12.9 12.0 11.2 10.0
Age
Under 18 years 18.7 18.7 17.4 16.0 13.8
Related children 18.0 18.0 16.8 15.4 13.3
Under 6 years 20.2 20.2 19.1 17.3 15.2
18 to 24 years 17.9 17.9 16.6 15.8 14.7
25 to 44 years 10.4 10.4 9.7 9.1 8.2
45 to 64 years 8.8 8.8 7.9 7.5 6.9
65 years and over 10.3 10.3 9.2 9.0 8.4
65 to 74 years 9.1 9.1 8.0 7.9 7.2
75 years and over 11.8 11.8 10.6 10.5 9.8
Family Relationship
In families 11.2 11.2 10.2 9.5 8.3
Married-couple families 6.0 6.0 5.5 5.0 4.5
With related children under 18 7.5 7.5 7.0 6.2 5.5
Female hhlder, no husband present 34.2 34.2 31.2 29.2 24.8
With related children under 18 41.8 41.8 38.4 35.8 30.3
Unrelated individuals 21.5 21.5 20.4 19.8 18.6
Living alone 18.6 18.6 17.3 16.9 15.2
65 years and over 19.9 19.9 18.2 17.8 16.0
07/17/98 8
Table 2. Percent of Persons in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 1997 (All Races)
After taxes
Definition 13
Definition 11 plus
Definition 10 plus other
plus means-tested means-tested
Definition 9 regular-price government Definition 12 government
plus school cash plus noncash
Medicare lunches transfers Medicaid transfers
Def 10 Def 11 Def 12 Def 13 Def 14
Type of Residence
Inside metropolitan areas 12.3 12.3 11.4 10.6 9.6
Inside central cities 18.5 18.5 16.9 15.7 13.8
Outside central cities 8.7 8.7 8.1 7.7 7.1
Outside metropolitan areas 15.5 15.5 14.4 13.6 12.0
Region
Northeast 12.5 12.5 11.2 10.5 9.0
Midwest 10.2 10.2 9.4 8.7 7.8
South 14.1 14.1 13.3 12.6 11.4
West 14.4 14.4 13.2 12.3 11.1
Educational Attainment
Total, 18 years and over 10.9 10.9 10.0 9.5 8.7
18 to 24 years old 17.9 17.9 16.6 15.8 14.7
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 29.3 29.3 27.0 25.1 22.9
25 years old and over 9.9 9.9 9.0 8.6 7.8
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 24.7 24.7 22.1 20.8 18.5
High school graduate, no college 9.7 9.7 9.0 8.6 7.9
College: Less than bachelor's degree 6.4 6.4 6.0 5.7 5.2
Bachelor's degree or more 3.2 3.2 2.9 2.9 2.7
Work Experience in 1997
Total, 20 to 64 years 10.7 10.7 9.8 9.3 8.4
Worked at full-time jobs 4.4 4.4 4.1 3.9 3.4
50 to 52 weeks 2.3 2.3 2.1 2.0 1.8
Worked at part-time jobs 15.2 15.2 14.3 13.5 12.3
Did not work 32.1 32.1 29.2 27.6 25.3
07/17/98 9
Table 2. Percent of Persons in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 1997 (All Races)
After taxes
Definition 13
Definition 11 plus
Definition 10 plus other
plus means-tested means-tested
Definition 9 regular-price government Definition 12 government
plus school cash plus noncash
Medicare lunches transfers Medicaid transfers
Def 10 Def 11 Def 12 Def 13 Def 14
Program Participation Status of
Household Members
One or more members received:
Cash assistance 61.5 61.5 49.9 44.3 36.4
AFDC or other non-SSI 75.2 75.2 65.2 57.9 47.1
SSI 50.4 50.4 34.5 29.6 24.4
Food stamps 67.5 67.5 60.5 54.4 43.6
Housing assistance 59.9 59.9 52.9 47.8 34.0
Energy assistance 64.3 64.3 56.5 51.0 40.4
Free or reduced-price sch. lunch 42.5 42.5 39.0 35.5 29.5
Household received both food stamps
and cash assistance 78.3 78.3 66.7 59.0 47.5
Health Insurance Coverage
Covered by:
Plan related to employment of self
or relative 2.6 2.6 2.5 2.4 2.1
Medicare 12.6 12.6 10.9 10.7 9.7
Also Medicaid 41.2 41.2 30.5 29.1 23.8
Medicaid 56.5 56.5 48.6 42.9 35.5
Not covered 25.4 25.4 24.9 24.3 22.7
07/17/98 10
Table 2. Percent of Persons in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 1997 (All Races)
After taxes
Definition 14
plus
net Money
imputed Definition 14 Income Money
return less after Taxes Income
on equity medical not including after
in own home programs EITC Taxes
Def 15 Def 16 Def 17 Def 18
BELOW POVERTY LEVEL
All Races
Total 9.2 10.8 14.3 12.7
Age
Under 18 years 13.2 15.0 21.4 18.3
Related children 12.7 14.4 20.8 17.7
Under 6 years 14.7 16.7 23.6 20.0
18 to 24 years 14.3 15.5 19.4 17.4
25 to 44 years 7.8 8.8 11.9 10.4
45 to 64 years 5.9 7.4 8.9 8.4
65 years and over 5.6 8.9 10.6 10.5
65 to 74 years 5.0 7.8 9.3 9.2
75 years and over 6.2 10.3 12.3 12.2
Family Relationship
In families 7.7 9.0 12.7 10.8
Married-couple families 4.0 5.0 7.2 6.0
With related children under 18 5.0 6.2 9.3 7.5
Female hhlder, no husband present 23.8 26.3 37.0 32.4
With related children under 18 29.4 32.0 45.9 39.9
Unrelated individuals 16.4 19.5 22.0 22.0
Living alone 12.0 15.4 18.7 18.7
65 years and over 9.8 16.0 20.4 20.4
07/17/98 11
Table 2. Percent of Persons in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 1997 (All Races)
After taxes
Definition 14
plus
net Money
imputed Definition 14 Income Money
return less after Taxes Income
on equity medical not including after
in own home programs EITC Taxes
Def 15 Def 16 Def 17 Def 18
Type of Residence
Inside metropolitan areas 8.8 10.3 13.6 12.2
Inside central cities 13.1 14.9 20.2 18.0
Outside central cities 6.3 7.5 9.8 8.7
Outside metropolitan areas 10.7 12.9 17.3 15.2
Region
Northeast 8.4 9.8 13.4 12.2
Midwest 7.2 8.6 11.6 10.1
South 10.2 12.0 15.7 13.9
West 10.2 11.9 15.8 14.1
Educational Attainment
Total, 18 years and over 7.7 9.2 11.8 10.7
18 to 24 years old 14.3 15.5 19.4 17.4
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 22.3 25.1 31.7 28.2
25 years old and over 6.8 8.3 10.7 9.8
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 16.0 20.1 25.8 24.1
High school graduate, no college 6.9 8.3 10.8 9.6
College: Less than bachelor's degree 4.5 5.5 7.2 6.4
Bachelor's degree or more 2.4 2.8 3.4 3.2
Work Experience in 1997
Total, 20 to 64 years 7.9 9.0 11.7 10.5
Worked at full-time jobs 3.2 3.6 5.6 4.5
50 to 52 weeks 1.6 1.9 3.3 2.4
Worked at part-time jobs 11.5 12.9 16.8 15.1
Did not work 23.5 27.4 32.0 30.5
07/17/98 12
Table 2. Percent of Persons in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 1997 (All Races)
After taxes
Definition 14
plus
net Money
imputed Definition 14 Income Money
return less after Taxes Income
on equity medical not including after
in own home programs EITC Taxes
Def 15 Def 16 Def 17 Def 18
Program Participation Status of
Household Members
One or more members received:
Cash assistance 34.6 41.4 55.8 52.0
AFDC or other non-SSI 45.8 53.3 71.6 66.4
SSI 21.8 28.8 39.9 37.9
Food stamps 41.5 48.5 69.5 63.2
Housing assistance 34.0 37.0 63.0 57.1
Energy assistance 36.7 45.0 64.8 58.6
Free or reduced-price sch. lunch 28.3 32.4 47.5 41.0
Household received both food stamps
and cash assistance 45.5 53.7 73.7 69.0
Health Insurance Coverage
Covered by:
Plan related to employment of self
or relative 1.9 2.3 3.9 3.1
Medicare 6.8 10.7 13.2 12.9
Also Medicaid 18.6 27.0 38.7 37.4
Medicaid 33.8 40.3 55.8 50.9
Not covered 21.4 23.4 29.0 25.4
07/17/98 13
Table 2. Percent of Persons in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 1997 (All Races)
Defin 1 Defin 2 Defin 3 Defin 4 Defin 5 Defin 6 Defin 7 Defin 8 Defin 9
BELOW POVERTY LEVEL
All Races
Total 35574 56390 56161 54573 57138 57520 53601 54036 35849
Age
Under 18 years 14113 16294 16224 15596 16548 16626 14636 14758 13389
Related children 13422 15526 15458 14838 15764 15841 13923 14045 12712
Under 6 years 5049 5569 5543 5310 5683 5704 4984 5051 4747
18 to 24 years 4416 5261 5240 5052 5417 5476 5034 5085 4546
25 to 44 years 9010 11220 11179 10716 11506 11648 10461 10571 8961
45 to 64 years 4658 7861 7829 7625 7942 8027 7771 7856 5147
65 years and over 3376 15754 15689 15585 15724 15743 15698 15767 3805
65 to 74 years 1641 7444 7418 7344 7439 7452 7417 7464 1880
75 years and over 1735 8310 8271 8241 8285 8291 8281 8302 1926
Family Relationship
In families 26217 40632 40452 39014 41178 41425 37658 37997 25778
Married-couple families 11166 21456 21350 20475 21856 21989 20077 20329 10958
With related children under 18 9047 11230 11151 10497 11644 11734 9878 10044 8486
Female hhlder, no husband present 13494 16910 16847 16368 17005 17081 15513 15592 13346
With related children under 18 12529 14542 14490 14055 14580 14624 13145 13208 12157
Unrelated individuals 8687 14969 14924 14784 15141 15276 15242 15339 9415
Living alone 4764 10374 10339 10268 10397 10467 10460 10499 5188
65 years and over 2026 6777 6756 6741 6755 6760 6760 6774 2200
07/17/98 14
Table 2. Percent of Persons in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 1997 (All Races)
Defin 1 Defin 2 Defin 3 Defin 4 Defin 5 Defin 6 Defin 7 Defin 8 Defin 9
Type of Residence
Inside metropolitan areas 27273 42621 42436 41177 43045 43354 40541 40869 27521
Inside central cities 15018 21420 21318 20693 21696 21841 20295 20438 15316
Outside central cities 12255 21201 21118 20484 21349 21513 20247 20431 12204
Outside metropolitan areas 8301 13769 13725 13396 14093 14166 13059 13167 8328
Region
Northeast 6474 10674 10621 10267 10681 10720 10163 10282 6649
Midwest 6493 11547 11505 11109 11685 11732 10968 11088 6548
South 13748 21399 21309 20849 21830 22005 20382 20526 13726
West 8858 12770 12727 12349 12942 13063 12088 12140 8925
Educational Attainment
Total, 18 years and over 21461 40096 39937 38978 40590 40894 38964 39278 22459
18 to 24 years old 4416 5261 5240 5052 5417 5476 5034 5085 4546
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 1673 1953 1946 1892 1998 2006 1815 1828 1684
25 years old and over 17044 34835 34697 33926 35172 35418 33931 34193 17914
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 7244 14139 14103 13887 14282 14351 13863 13922 7811
High school graduate, no college 5769 12314 12265 11951 12401 12505 11919 12034 5894
College: Less than bachelor's degree 2747 5862 5830 5667 5954 5995 5675 5724 2849
Bachelor's degree or more 1284 2520 2500 2421 2535 2568 2473 2513 1360
Work Experience in 1997
Total, 20 to 64 years 16721 22692 22599 21794 23177 23458 21711 21953 17280
Worked at full-time jobs 5056 6327 6283 5807 6647 6813 5755 5888 4871
50 to 52 weeks 2267 2727 2707 2429 2925 3037 2387 2465 2086
Worked at part-time jobs 3190 4179 4140 3992 4273 4347 3993 4042 3251
Did not work 8475 12186 12176 11995 12256 12299 11964 12022 9158
07/17/98 15
Table 2. Percent of Persons in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 1997 (All Races)
Defin 1 Defin 2 Defin 3 Defin 4 Defin 5 Defin 6 Defin 7 Defin 8 Defin 9
Program Participation Status of
Household Members
One or more members received:
Cash assistance 11871 15849 15783 15555 15978 16011 15397 15421 13980
AFDC or other non-SSI 8671 10263 10226 10083 10310 10333 9929 9951 9511
SSI 4503 7599 7570 7486 7709 7718 7464 7467 6347
Food stamps 15510 18198 18127 17770 18319 18387 17210 17282 16061
Housing assistance 6829 8543 8507 8391 8589 8636 8113 8121 7119
Energy assistance 4078 5346 5337 5237 5357 5384 5084 5115 4374
Free or reduced-price sch. lunch 14685 17343 17283 16647 17616 17709 15768 15878 14346
Household received both food stamps
and cash assistance 9921 11942 11901 11727 12025 12050 11588 11602 11062
Health Insurance Coverage
Covered by:
Plan related to employment of self
or relative 5521 10081 10037 8716 9416 9489 8298 8461 4345
Medicare 4637 18459 18392 18275 18436 18458 18378 18457 5299
Also Medicaid 1844 3558 3548 3532 3557 3558 3531 3531 2383
Medicaid 15386 19751 19701 19402 19966 20018 18852 18925 16725
Not covered 11238 13454 13382 13257 14383 14604 13079 13228 11093
07/17/98 16
Table 2. Percent of Persons in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 1997 (All Races)
Defin 10 Defin 11 Defin 12 Defin 13 Defin 14 Defin 15 Defin 16 Defin 17 Defin 18
BELOW POVERTY LEVEL
All Races
Total 34748 34748 32113 30119 26940 24659 28903 38512 34201
Age
Under 18 years 13256 13256 12385 11357 9834 9404 10663 15235 12995
Related children 12590 12590 11756 10767 9297 8867 10054 14520 12351
Under 6 years 4717 4717 4459 4051 3555 3437 3899 5512 4673
18 to 24 years 4506 4506 4191 3988 3697 3611 3906 4888 4388
25 to 44 years 8736 8736 8143 7648 6847 6525 7336 9982 8686
45 to 64 years 4946 4946 4450 4228 3883 3335 4145 4996 4758
65 years and over 3303 3303 2944 2898 2680 1783 2853 3411 3374
65 to 74 years 1629 1629 1436 1413 1293 898 1394 1669 1640
75 years and over 1674 1674 1508 1485 1387 885 1459 1742 1734
Family Relationship
In families 25157 25157 23031 21324 18722 17341 20216 28651 24450
Married-couple families 10633 10633 9721 8845 7996 7090 8862 12665 10578
With related children under 18 8343 8343 7715 6870 6092 5556 6828 10352 8333
Female hhlder, no husband present 13123 13123 11969 11208 9539 9124 10097 14227 12451
With related children under 18 12034 12034 11062 10309 8724 8452 9216 13201 11481
Unrelated individuals 8951 8951 8497 8260 7747 6847 8108 9158 9149
Living alone 4898 4898 4569 4458 4009 3171 4073 4939 4938
65 years and over 1978 1978 1805 1771 1586 972 1588 2029 2029
07/17/98 17
Table 2. Percent of Persons in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 1997 (All Races)
Defin 10 Defin 11 Defin 12 Defin 13 Defin 14 Defin 15 Defin 16 Defin 17 Defin 18
Type of Residence
Inside metropolitan areas 26660 26660 24572 23019 20650 19044 22171 29454 26266
Inside central cities 14847 14847 13568 12585 11030 10490 11953 16174 14447
Outside central cities 11813 11813 11005 10434 9620 8554 10218 13280 11819
Outside metropolitan areas 8088 8088 7540 7099 6291 5614 6732 9058 7935
Region
Northeast 6413 6413 5750 5393 4604 4322 5011 6875 6223
Midwest 6372 6372 5894 5430 4888 4500 5345 7221 6312
South 13269 13269 12491 11830 10698 9649 11319 14829 13143
West 8694 8694 7977 7466 6749 6188 7228 9587 8523
Educational Attainment
Total, 18 years and over 21492 21492 19728 18762 17107 15255 18240 23278 21206
18 to 24 years old 4506 4506 4191 3988 3697 3611 3906 4888 4388
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 1666 1666 1535 1426 1302 1266 1428 1803 1601
25 years old and over 16986 16986 15537 14774 13410 11643 14334 18390 16818
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 7287 7287 6545 6150 5478 4732 5955 7640 7136
High school graduate, no college 5639 5639 5233 5015 4583 4012 4835 6265 5605
College: Less than bachelor's degree 2728 2728 2530 2408 2196 1899 2347 3060 2741
Bachelor's degree or more 1332 1332 1229 1202 1154 1000 1196 1425 1336
Work Experience in 1997
Total, 20 to 64 years 16823 16823 15510 14637 13294 12385 14207 18403 16511
Worked at full-time jobs 4807 4807 4490 4208 3751 3512 3961 6086 4930
50 to 52 weeks 2071 2071 1938 1797 1615 1485 1722 2937 2191
Worked at part-time jobs 3182 3182 2993 2843 2590 2412 2711 3523 3177
Did not work 8835 8835 8026 7586 6953 6461 7534 8795 8404
07/17/98 18
Table 2. Percent of Persons in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 1997 (All Races)
Defin 10 Defin 11 Defin 12 Defin 13 Defin 14 Defin 15 Defin 16 Defin 17 Defin 18
Program Participation Status of
Household Members
One or more members received:
Cash assistance 13453 13453 10903 9680 7960 7557 9057 12198 11379
AFDC or other non-SSI 9356 9356 8107 7205 5858 5695 6626 8906 8253
SSI 5886 5886 4032 3455 2846 2547 3366 4658 4426
Food stamps 15667 15667 14057 12639 10126 9648 11254 16134 14671
Housing assistance 6755 6755 5963 5393 3831 3831 4172 7102 6442
Energy assistance 4248 4248 3735 3370 2670 2428 2973 4282 3875
Free or reduced-price sch. lunch 14137 14137 12994 11802 9827 9425 10776 15812 13662
Household received both food stamps
and cash assistance 10805 10805 9197 8146 6554 6284 7407 10174 9520
Health Insurance Coverage
Covered by:
Plan related to employment of self
or relative 4280 4280 4060 3887 3528 3137 3731 6437 5095
Medicare 4487 4487 3895 3820 3435 2426 3807 4694 4596
Also Medicaid 1993 1993 1475 1409 1151 897 1305 1870 1806
Medicaid 16207 16207 13943 12305 10204 9700 11578 16031 14602
Not covered 10958 10958 10771 10478 9793 9255 10106 12530 10979